Patterns and environmental drivers of Ranunculaceae species richness and phylogenetic diversity across eastern Eurasia

doi:10.17520/biods.2020246

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims: Ranunculaceae, one of the basal clades in eudicots of angiosperms, has a variety of medicinal plants and is of high conservation value. However, large-scale patterns in species richness and phylogenetic diversity of Ranunculaceae based on high-resolution distribution data and their environmental determinants remain poorly understood. We aims to: (1) establish a Ranunculaceae distribution database in eastern Eurasia, estimate the species diversity and phylogenetic diversity pattern of different life forms, and explore the formation mechanism of the pattern; (2) analysis the relationship between species diversity and phylogenetic diversity of Ranunculaceae, and determine the diversity hot spots to provide basis for Ranunculaceae conservation planning.
Methods: Here, we established the first species distribution database for 1,688 Ranunculaceae species across eastern Eurasia by compiling distribution data from regional and local floral records from across China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Mongolia, and Russia at a spatial resolution of 100 km × 100 km. Using this database, we mapped large-scale patterns in species richness and phylogenetic diversity for species with different life forms and explored the mechanisms underlying these patterns. We also quantified the relationship between species richness and phylogenetic diversity and identified hotspots of Ranunculaceae phylogenetic diversity.
Results: We found a latitudinal gradient in both species richness and phylogenetic diversity and revealed that Ranunculaceae in eastern Eurasia have particularly high levels of species and phylogenetic diversity in mountainous areas. Contemporary climate, habitat heterogeneity, and climate changes since the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) all influenced spatial patterns in species richness and phylogenetic diversity, but their relative contributions varied across life forms. Phylogenetic diversity at mid and high latitudes was higher than expected when controlling for species richness, which suggests that these latitudes may represent a paleo-biodiversity hotspot of Ranunculaceae.
Conclusion: Consequently, these regions should be considered a key conservation priority for this important family.

Key words: herbaceous plants, woody plants, biodiversity hotspots, conservation, species distribution, spatial database

Yichao Li, Yongsheng Chen, Denis Sandanov, Ao Luo, Tong Lü, Xiangyan Su, Yunpeng Liu, Qinggang Wang, Viktor Chepinoga, Sergey Dudov, Wei Wang, Zhiheng Wang. Patterns and environmental drivers of Ranunculaceae species richness and phylogenetic diversity across eastern Eurasia[J]. Biodiv Sci, 2021, 29(5): 561-574.

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URL: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/10.17520/biods.2020246

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/Y2021/V29/I5/561

Figures/Tables 4

Fig. 1 Geographical patterns in the species richness of all Ranunculaceae species (a), woody species (b), and herbaceous species (c); phylogenetic diversity of all Ranunculaceae species (d) and woody species (e) in East Eurasia estimated in cyclinder grids of 100 km × 100 km

Fig. 2 The relationship between phylogenetic diversity and species diversity of all Ranunculaceae species (a) and herbaceous (c) species and their residual patterns (b, d) in East Eurasia

Fig. 3 The relationship between the richness of all Ranunculaceae species, woody species, and herbaceous species; and the phylogenetic diversity of all Ranunculaceae species and herbaceous species in East Eurasia and contemporary climate, elevation range, past climate change evaluated by generalized linear models, the value in bold indicates the maximum value of R2 in a row.

Fig. 4 The effects of contemporary climate, elevation range and past climate change on species richness and phylogenetic diversity of all Ranunculaceae species, woody specie, herbaceous species in East Eurasia. The figure shows the results of hierarchical partitioning between species richness and each selected dominant factor. Different charts respectively represent five different explanatory factors, namely, water (a), energy (b), temperature seasonality (c), elevation range (d) and temperature velocity since the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) (e). The dark color means independent effect, light color means joint effects.

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