Nine-year seed rain dynamics in Parashorea chinensis forest in Xishuangbanna, Southwest China

doi:10.17520/biods.2018101

Abstract

Abstract:

Seed rain patterns are a crucial influence on plant regeneration. Although it is very challenging to understand the dynamics of seed rain, long-term monitoring of seeds can provide useful insights. In this study, we monitored seed rain patterns of forests dominated by Parashorea chinensis in Xishuangbanna, Southwest China for nine years. We recorded 8,993,224 seeds belonging to 226 species, between May 2008 and April 2017. We categorized seeds of 77 species as large, 61 species as medium, 72 species as small, 13 species as tiny, 1 species as infinitesimally grainy seed and 2 species as filamentous. More than 70% of all seeds belong to the top 10 dominant species. Seeds of all types showed pronounced inter-annual variation for both seed number and species number. At least one mast seeding was observed for each of the seed type during nine years.

http://jtp.cnki.net/bilingual/detail/html/SWDY201809001

Key words: tropical forest, seed rain, species composition, inter-annual variation, mast seeding

Lina Dou, Wenfu Zhang, Xiaobao Deng, Min Cao, Yong Tang. Nine-year seed rain dynamics in Parashorea chinensis forest in Xishuangbanna, Southwest China[J]. Biodiv Sci, 2018, 26(9): 919-930.

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URL: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/10.17520/biods.2018101

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/Y2018/V26/I9/919

Figures/Tables 6

References 65

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种子类型 Seed type	种子数 No. of seeds	种子密度 Seed density (seeds·m^-2·yr^-1)	物种数 Species	年际变异系数 CV_years
I-1	9,779	14.5	77	0.35
I-2	24,237	35.9	61	0.50
I-3	83,399	123.6	72	0.28
小计 Subtotal	117,415	174.0	210	0.24
II-1	1,215,235	1,800.3	13	0.72
II-2	7,244,667	10,732.8	1	0.81
II-3	415,907	616.2	2	0.73
小计 Subtotal	8,875,809	13,149.3	16	0.69
总计 Total	8,993,224	13,323.3	226	0.68

种子类型 Seed type	种子数 No. of seeds	种子密度 Seed density (seeds·m^-2·yr^-1)	物种数 Species	年际变异系数 CV_years
I-1	9,779	14.5	77	0.35
I-2	24,237	35.9	61	0.50
I-3	83,399	123.6	72	0.28
小计 Subtotal	117,415	174.0	210	0.24
II-1	1,215,235	1,800.3	13	0.72
II-2	7,244,667	10,732.8	1	0.81
II-3	415,907	616.2	2	0.73
小计 Subtotal	8,875,809	13,149.3	16	0.69
总计 Total	8,993,224	13,323.3	226	0.68

种子类型 Seed type	总数量 No. of seeds	密度 Density (seeds·m^-2·yr^-1)	占所有物种种子数量的百分比 % of all species
I-1 大型种子 Large-sized seeds
假海桐 Pittopsoropsis kerrii	1,629	2.4
云树 Garcinia cowa	1,316	1.9
南酸枣 Choerospondias axillaris	951	1.4
贵州香花藤 Aganosma breviloba	616	0.9
望天树 Parashorea chinensis	527	0.8
番龙眼 Pometia pinnata	484	0.7
华马钱 Strychnos cathayensis	413	0.6
蒙自黄檀 Dalbergia henryana	404	0.6
望谟崖摩 Aglaia lawii	325	0.5
微花藤 Iodes cirrhosa	321	0.5
合计 Total	6,986		71.44
I-2 中型种子 Medium-sized seeds
短刺锥 Castanopsis echinocarpa	6,041	8.9
阔叶风车子 Combretum latifolium	2,662	3.9
宽药青藤 Illigera celebica	1,318	2.0
多花瓜馥木 Fissistigma polyanthum	1,779	2.6
毛叶岭南酸枣 Spondiaslakonensis var. hirsuta	1,734	2.6
海南破布叶 Microcos chungii	1,243	1.8
酸苔菜 Ardisia solanacea	1,192	1.8
细毛润楠 Machilus tenuipilis	1,118	1.7
岭南臭椿 Ailanthus triphysa	787	1.2
羽叶金合欢 Acacia pennata	930	1.4
合计 Total	18,804		77.58
I-3 小型种子 Small-sized seeds
小萼菜豆树 Radermachera microcalyx	20,972	31.1
狭叶一担柴 Colona thorelii	13,803	20.4
千果榄仁 Terminalia myriocarpa	6,903	10.2
云南黄杞 Engelhardtia spicata	6,213	9.2
浆果乌桕 Balakata baccata	5,460	8.1
滇缅斑鸠菊 Vernonia parishii	5,436	8.1
翅果麻 Kydia calycina	4,581	6.8
西桦 Betula alnoides	3,381	5.0
羽叶白头树 Garuga pinnata	1,891	2.8
大果褐叶榕 Ficus pubigera var. maliformis	1,594	2.4
合计 Total	70,234		84.21
II-1 粒状微小种子 Tiny grainy seeds
假斜叶榕 Ficus subulata	495,753	734.4
青藤公 Ficus langkokensis	392,351	581.3
劲直榕 Ficus stricta	119,718	177.4
羊乳榕 Ficus sagittata	112,407	166.5
水同木 Ficus fistulosa	73,401	108.7
滇南新乌檀 Neonauclea tsaiana	9,857	14.6
海桐叶柃 Eurya pittosporifolia	5,816	8.6
垂叶榕 Ficus benjamina var. benjamina	2,657	3.9
棒果榕 Ficus subincisa	2,020	3.0
大果榕 Ficus auriculata	770	1.1
合计 Total	1,214,750		99.96
II-2 粒状极小种子 Infinitesimally grainy seed
团花 Neolamarckia cadamba	7,244,667	10,732.8
合计 Total	7,244,667		100.00
II-3 细丝状种子 Filamentous seeds
八宝树 Duabanga grandiflora	194,928	288.8
大叶钩藤 Uncaria macrophylla	220,979	327.4
合计 Total	415,907		100.00

种子类型 Seed type	总数量 No. of seeds	密度 Density (seeds·m^-2·yr^-1)	占所有物种种子数量的百分比 % of all species
I-1 大型种子 Large-sized seeds
假海桐 Pittopsoropsis kerrii	1,629	2.4
云树 Garcinia cowa	1,316	1.9
南酸枣 Choerospondias axillaris	951	1.4
贵州香花藤 Aganosma breviloba	616	0.9
望天树 Parashorea chinensis	527	0.8
番龙眼 Pometia pinnata	484	0.7
华马钱 Strychnos cathayensis	413	0.6
蒙自黄檀 Dalbergia henryana	404	0.6
望谟崖摩 Aglaia lawii	325	0.5
微花藤 Iodes cirrhosa	321	0.5
合计 Total	6,986		71.44
I-2 中型种子 Medium-sized seeds
短刺锥 Castanopsis echinocarpa	6,041	8.9
阔叶风车子 Combretum latifolium	2,662	3.9
宽药青藤 Illigera celebica	1,318	2.0
多花瓜馥木 Fissistigma polyanthum	1,779	2.6
毛叶岭南酸枣 Spondiaslakonensis var. hirsuta	1,734	2.6
海南破布叶 Microcos chungii	1,243	1.8
酸苔菜 Ardisia solanacea	1,192	1.8
细毛润楠 Machilus tenuipilis	1,118	1.7
岭南臭椿 Ailanthus triphysa	787	1.2
羽叶金合欢 Acacia pennata	930	1.4
合计 Total	18,804		77.58
I-3 小型种子 Small-sized seeds
小萼菜豆树 Radermachera microcalyx	20,972	31.1
狭叶一担柴 Colona thorelii	13,803	20.4
千果榄仁 Terminalia myriocarpa	6,903	10.2
云南黄杞 Engelhardtia spicata	6,213	9.2
浆果乌桕 Balakata baccata	5,460	8.1
滇缅斑鸠菊 Vernonia parishii	5,436	8.1
翅果麻 Kydia calycina	4,581	6.8
西桦 Betula alnoides	3,381	5.0
羽叶白头树 Garuga pinnata	1,891	2.8
大果褐叶榕 Ficus pubigera var. maliformis	1,594	2.4
合计 Total	70,234		84.21
II-1 粒状微小种子 Tiny grainy seeds
假斜叶榕 Ficus subulata	495,753	734.4
青藤公 Ficus langkokensis	392,351	581.3
劲直榕 Ficus stricta	119,718	177.4
羊乳榕 Ficus sagittata	112,407	166.5
水同木 Ficus fistulosa	73,401	108.7
滇南新乌檀 Neonauclea tsaiana	9,857	14.6
海桐叶柃 Eurya pittosporifolia	5,816	8.6
垂叶榕 Ficus benjamina var. benjamina	2,657	3.9
棒果榕 Ficus subincisa	2,020	3.0
大果榕 Ficus auriculata	770	1.1
合计 Total	1,214,750		99.96
II-2 粒状极小种子 Infinitesimally grainy seed
团花 Neolamarckia cadamba	7,244,667	10,732.8
合计 Total	7,244,667		100.00
II-3 细丝状种子 Filamentous seeds
八宝树 Duabanga grandiflora	194,928	288.8
大叶钩藤 Uncaria macrophylla	220,979	327.4
合计 Total	415,907		100.00