生物多样性 ›› 2023, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (12): 23326.  DOI: 10.17520/biods.2023326

• Sino BON成立十周年纪念专题 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国兽类多样性监测与研究网络建设: 十年回顾与展望

肖文宏1(), 李学友2(), 权锐昌3(), 连新明4(), 李明5(), 聂永刚5, 向左甫6(), 杨维康7, 徐峰7, 王杰8, 周岐海9, 范朋飞10(), 杨锡福1(), 刘伟1, 孙悦华5, 张礼标11, 黄志旁12, 黄华13, 范宗骥14, 肖治术1,15,*()()   

  1. 1.中国科学院动物研究所农业虫害鼠害综合治理研究国家重点实验室, 北京 100101
    2.中国科学院昆明动物研究所遗传资源与进化国家重点实验室, 昆明 650223
    3.中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园综合保护中心, 云南勐腊 666303
    4.中国科学院西北高原生物研究所高原生物适应与进化重点实验室, 西宁 810008
    5.中国科学院动物研究所动物生态与保护生物学院重点实验室, 北京 100101
    6.中南林业科技大学林学院, 长沙 410004
    7.中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室, 乌鲁木齐 830011
    8.中国科学院成都生物研究所, 成都 610041
    9.广西师范大学生命科学学院珍稀濒危动植物生态与环境保护教育部重点实验室, 广西桂林 541004
    10.中山大学生命科学学院, 广州 510275
    11.广东省科学院动物研究所, 广州 510260
    12.大理大学东喜玛拉雅研究院, 云南大理 671003
    13.中国科学院昆明植物研究所, 昆明 650201
    14.中国科学院华南植物园, 广州 510650
    15.中国科学院大学生命科学学院, 北京 100049
  • 收稿日期:2023-09-07 接受日期:2023-12-18 出版日期:2023-12-20 发布日期:2023-12-20
  • 通讯作者: E-mail: xiaozs@ioz.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(2022YFF1301401);中国科学院生物多样性监测与研究网络兽类网运行经费

Construction of Sino BON Mammal Diversity Monitoring Network (Sino BON- Mammal): A 10-year review and future outlook

Wenhong Xiao1(), Xueyou Li2(), Ruichang Quan3(), Xinming Lian4(), Ming Li5(), Yonggang Nie5, Zuofu Xiang6(), Weikang Yang7, Feng Xu7, Jie Wang8, Qihai Zhou9, Pengfei Fan10(), Xifu Yang1(), Wei Liu1, Yuehua Sun5, Libiao Zhang11, Zhipang Huang12, Hua Huang13, Zongji Fan14, Zhishu Xiao1,15,*()()   

  1. 1 State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents in Agriculture, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101
    2 State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223
    3 Center for Integrative Conservation, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan 666303
    4 Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008
    5 Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101
    6 College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004
    7 State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ürümqi 830011
    8 Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041
    9 Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guilin, Guangxi 541004
    10 School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275
    11 Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510260
    12 Institute of Eastern-Himalaya Biodiversity Research, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671003
    13 Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201
    14 South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650
    15 College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049
  • Received:2023-09-07 Accepted:2023-12-18 Online:2023-12-20 Published:2023-12-20
  • Contact: E-mail: xiaozs@ioz.ac.cn

摘要:

兽类物种多样性高, 分布广泛, 与人类关系密切, 对维持生态系统稳定平衡具有不可替代的作用。我国是世界上生态系统类型和兽类多样性最丰富的国家之一, 但多数生态系统的兽类物种资源情况仍未完全掌握, 许多区域缺乏调查记录或长期监测资料。面对全球生态环境的急剧变化, 我国兽类动物资源保护面临严峻挑战。中国兽类多样性监测与研究网络(以下简称兽类网)于2011年启动建设, 结合全球生物多样性保护背景下的国家重大需求, 以陆生兽类及其栖息地为研究对象, 先后建立了55个监测样区, 逐渐形成覆盖全国的监测网络, 发表有关论著180余篇(部), 其中红外相机工作日累计超156万天, 获得图像775余万张; 同时, 推动建立了我国兽类多样性监测标准化技术体系和公共数据服务平台, 对兽类群落组成、种群动态和行为变化以及关键驱动因子开展长期监测研究, 为我国重要兽类资源保护、有害生物管控提供先进技术和科学数据支撑。本文回顾了兽类网的发展历程, 系统梳理了在监测技术方法、编目发现、行为生理、种群、种间关系、群落和保护管理方面的监测与研究进展。未来需加强技术和学科交叉, 聚焦多尺度、多维度、多营养级的综合研究应用, 为全面、深刻地理解生物多样性维持机制, 应对生物多样性丧失的全球危机做好科技支撑与服务。

关键词: 兽类多样性监测网, 物种编目, 动物行为, 生态学, 保护管理

Abstract

Background & Aim: With high diversity, wide distribution, and close relationships with humans, mammals play an irreplaceable role in maintaining the stability and balance of ecosystems. China has some of the richest ecosystem and mammal diversity in the world. However, the status of wildlife resources in most of these ecosystems is still not well understood as many regions lack valid records or long-term monitoring data. With such rapid global change, the protection of mammals in China is facing significant challenges.

Review Results: Sino BON Mammal Diversity Monitoring Network (Sino BON-mammal) was started in 2011. Aligning the national strategic needs in the context of global biodiversity protection, Sino BON-mammal built a nationwide monitoring network covering a total of 55 sites and published more than 180 articles and books. Sino BON-mammal has generated approximately 7.75 million camera-trap images with a survey effort of over 1.56 million camera-days and promoted the establishment of a standardized technical system and a public data service platform for mammal diversity monitoring. Additionally, Sino BON-mammal conducted long-term monitoring and studies on mammal community composition, population dynamics, behavioral changes and driving factors, providing data and technological support for the protection of important wildlife resources and the control of pests in China. This paper systematically reviews the progress of Sino BON-mammal in monitoring and research methods, species discovery and inventory, behavior and physiology, population and community dynamics, interspecific relations, and conservation management.

Perspectives: It is necessary to integrate research disciplines and technology across multiple scales, dimensions, and trophic levels in the future. An integrated approach will enhance the scientific and technological support and services necessary to develop the comprehensive and profound understanding needed to maintain mammal biodiversity and coping with the global crisis of biodiversity loss.

Key words: mammal diversity observation network, species inventory, animal behavior, ecology, conservation and management