生物多样性 ›› 2016, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (4): 378-388.  DOI: 10.17520/biods.2015241

所属专题: 中国西南干旱河谷的植物多样性

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国西南干旱河谷植物群落的数量分类和排序分析

刘晔1, 李鹏2, 许玥2, 石松林3, 应凌霄2, 张婉君2, 彭培好4, 沈泽昊2,*()   

  1. 1 北京大学深圳研究生院城市规划与设计学院, 深圳 518055。
    2 北京大学城市与环境学院生态学系, 地表过程分析与模拟教育部重点实验室, 北京 100871。
    3 中国科学院生态环境研究中心城市与区域生态国家重点实验室, 北京 100085
    4 成都理工大学旅游与城乡规划学院, 成都 610058
  • 收稿日期:2015-09-11 接受日期:2016-02-15 出版日期:2016-04-20 发布日期:2016-05-11
  • 通讯作者: 沈泽昊
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(41371190)和交通运输部西部计划项目(2008 318 799 17)

Quantitative classification and ordination for plant communities in dry valleys of Southwest China

Ye Liu1, Peng Li2, Yue Xu2, Songlin Shi3, Lingxiao Ying2, Wanjun Zhang2, Peihao Peng4, Zehao Shen2,*()   

  1. 1 School of Urban Planning and Design, Shenzhen Graduate School, Peking University, Shenzhen 518055.
    2 Department of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, the Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871.
    3 State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085.
    4 College of Tourism and Urban-rural Planning, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610058
  • Received:2015-09-11 Accepted:2016-02-15 Online:2016-04-20 Published:2016-05-11
  • Contact: Shen Zehao

摘要:

中国西南干旱河谷植被是我国西南横断山区特有的植被类型, 目前关于西南干旱河谷植被还没有整体性的群落类型划分研究。根据对甘肃、四川、云南三省九条主要河流的干旱河谷段野外调查和文献来源的1,339个植物群落样方数据, 采用自适应仿射传播聚类方法, 对我国西南干旱河谷的植物群落进行数量分类, 并采用典范对应分析方法进行排序分析。结果表明: (1)调查样方的植物群落分为7个植被型(稀树草原、肉质灌丛、常绿阔叶灌丛、暖性落叶阔叶灌丛、常绿硬叶林、落叶阔叶林和暖性针叶林), 24个群系, 31个群丛类型。暖性落叶阔叶灌丛是本植被区的代表性植被类型; 分布最广的群系为鞍叶羊蹄甲灌丛(Form. Bauhinia brachycarpa, 样方比例50.9%)、黄茅灌草丛(Form. Heteropogon contortus, 样方比例11.9%)、孔颖草灌草丛(Form. Bothriochloa pertusa, 样方比例5.6%)、黄荆灌丛(Form. Vitex negundo, 样方比例4.2%)、知风草灌草丛(Form. Eragrostis ferruginea, 样方比例3.8%)、车桑子灌丛(Form. Dodonaea viscosa, 样方比例3.4%)、云南松疏林(Form. Pinus yunnanensis, 样方比例3.3%)。(2)冬季低温和降水的季节性是限制干旱河谷植物群落分布的主要气候因子。稀树草原、肉质灌丛是典型的干热河谷植被类型; 暖性落叶阔叶灌丛、常绿硬叶林、常绿阔叶灌丛是干暖河谷植被的优势类型; 暖性针叶林、落叶阔叶林则主要在干温河谷环境占优势。

关键词: 中国西南干旱河谷, 植被分类与排序, 自适应仿射传播聚类, 典范对应分析, 植被分区, 气候响应

Abstract

The vegetation in dry valleys of Southwest China is characterized by unique vegetation type. Based on plant community sample data (1,339 plots) collected for 9 valleys in Gansu, Sichuan and Yunnan provinces, we used an adaptive affinity propagation method for quantitative classification, and performed an ordination using canonical correspondence analysis. Results showed that the plant communities can be divided into 7 vegetation types (savanna, succulent thicket, evergreen broadleaved thicket, warm deciduous broadleaved thicket, evergreen sclerophyllous forest, deciduous broadleaved forest, warm needle-leaved forest with 24 formations and 31 associations. The most representative vegetation type was the warm deciduous broadleaved thicket, while the most common formations were Form. Bauhinia brachycarpa (50.9%), Form. Heteropogon contortus (11.9%), Form. Bothriochloa pertusa (5.6%), Form. Vitex negundo (4.2%), Form. Eragrostis ferruginea (3.8%), Form. Dodonaea viscosa (3.4%) and Form. Pinus yunnanensis (3.3%). Mean temperature of the coldest month and precipitation seasonality are two dominant climatic factors, which limit the distribution of plant community types in the dry valleys. Savanna and succulent thicket are the dominant vegetation types in typical dry-hot valleys. Dry-warm valley are dominated by warm deciduous broadleaved thicket, evergreen sclerophyllous forest and evergreen broadleaved thicket. Warm needle-leaved forest and deciduous broadleaved forest are more adaptive to lower temperatures.

Key words: dry valleys of Southwest China, vegetation classification and ordination, adaptive-affinity propagation, canonical correspondence analysis, vegetation division, climate response