安徽农药厂厂区及周边农田土壤线虫数量特征

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.08128

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了解农药对不同植被下的土壤健康和土壤质量的影响, 在2006年10月对安徽省和县华星化工股份有限公司内外不同土地利用方式下土壤线虫数量和营养类群进行了调查, 包括厂内裸地(BIF)、厂内宝塔松林地(PIF)、厂外裸地(BOF)、厂外大豆地(SOF)、厂外水稻地(POF)、厂外玉米地(COF)。结果发现有植被覆盖的样地中土壤线虫总数显著多于裸地(P<0.01), 厂外裸地显著高于厂内裸地。在有植被覆盖的土壤中植物寄生类线虫为优势类群, 其中厂内松林地内植物寄生类线虫相对丰度最高, 达到84%。在裸地中以食细菌类线虫为优势类群, 厂外裸地和厂内裸地相对丰度分别为74%和72%。此次调查表明农药的过多使用会对土壤线虫的数量和相对丰度产生影响, 同时说明植被覆盖在减轻农药使用造成的环境污染中起着重要作用。

关键词: 农药, 土壤线虫, 生物指示, 土地利用方式

Abstract

Soil nematodes are useful as indicators of soil health. To understand the contribution of overuse of pesticides to soil pollution, we investigated the total number and relative abundance of soil nematodes in several different land use types with different degrees of pesticide use. These different land use types, found inside and outside the factory of Anhui Huaxing Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. in Hexian county, Anhui Province, China, include bare land inside the factory (BIF), stands of pagoda pine (Pinus armandii) trees inside the factory (PIF), bare land outside the factory (BOF), soybean field outside the factory (SOF), paddy field outside the factory (POF), and corn field outside the factory (COF). Soil nematode numbers varied greatly among landuse types, and when ranked in order of greatest to lowest number were PIF>SOF>COF>POF>BOF>BIF. Total count of soil nematodes was higher in lands with vegetation than in bare lands (P<0.01). The number of trophic levels except bacterivores and predators/omnivores were higher in areas with vegetation coverage. Land uses with vegetation coverage had the largest number of plant-parasites while bare land had the largest number of bacterivores. Relative abundance of plant-parasites of PIF was 84% while relative abundance of bacterivores of BOF and BIF were 74% and 72%, respectively. Taken together, these results indicate overuse of pesticides has an effect on the amount and relative abundance of soil nematodes, and an important role for vegetation coverage in mitigating environment pollution.

Key words: pesticide, nematode, bio-indicator, different land use types

周际海, 陶军, 陈小云, 胡锋, 李辉信 (2008) 安徽农药厂厂区及周边农田土壤线虫数量特征. 生物多样性, 16, 613-617. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.08128.

Jihai Zhou, Jun Tao, Xiaoyun Chen, Feng Hu, Huixin Li (2008) Soil nematode density inside and outside a pesticide factory in Anhui. Biodiversity Science, 16, 613-617. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.08128.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.08128

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2008/V16/I6/613

图/表 2

表1 不同土地利用方式下土壤线虫总数和各营养类群线虫数量(条/100g干土) (mean ± SD, n = 3)

Table 1 Soil nematode numbers of different trophic groups in six land use types (inds./100g dry soil)

	植物寄生类线虫Plant-parasites	食细菌类线虫Bacterivores	食真菌类线虫Fungivores	捕食类/杂食类线虫Predators/Omnivores	线虫总数 Total nematodes
厂内裸地 (BIF)	2.39 ± 2.40^cB	7.98 ± 2.77^cA	0.80 ± 1.38^bC	0.00 ± 0.00^bC	11.17 ± 1.38^e
厂内宝塔松林地 (PIF)	647.82 ± 116.07^aA	108.01 ± 33.02^bB	14.27 ± 24.72^abC	0.00 ± 0.00^bC	770.09 ± 110.81^a
厂外裸地 (BOF)	39.92 ± 7.24^cB	132.27 ± 24.44^bA	0.00 ± 0.00^bC	7.11 ± 3.66^abC	179.30 ± 18.41^d
厂外大豆地 (SOF)	398.41 ± 75.32^bA	207.17 ± 56.48^aB	42.84 ± 40.53^abC	29.96 ± 12.02^aC	678.37 ± 111.52^ab
厂外水稻地 (POF)	375.69 ± 15.14^bA	115.32 ± 18.16^bB	36.44 ± 18.09^abC	29.82 ± 28.07^aC	538.59 ± 36.82^c
厂外玉米地 (COF)	351.59 ± 11.75^bA	172.21 ± 51.33^abB	53.99 ± 22.54^aC	4.17 ± 7.23^bD	581.96 ± 38.17^bc

图1 不同土地利用方式下土壤线虫相对丰度比较 SOF: 厂外大豆地; POF: 厂外水稻地; COF: 厂外玉米地; BOF: 厂外裸地; PIF: 厂内宝塔松林地; BIF: 厂内裸地 Pa: 植物寄生类线虫; Ba: 食细菌类线虫; Fu: 食真菌类线虫; OP: 杂食类/捕食类线虫

Fig. 1 Relative abundance of soil nematode trophic groups in different land use types. SOF, soybean field outside the factory; POF, paddy field outside the factory; COF, corn field outside the factory; BOF, bare land outside the factory; PIF, stands of pagoda pine trees inside the factory; BIF, bare land inside the factory

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