黄河三角洲潮间带及近岸浅海大型底栖动物物种组成及长周期变化

doi:10.17520/biods.2020164

生物多样性 ›› 2020, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (12): 1511-1522. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2020164

• 黄河流域生物多样性保护专题 • 上一篇下一篇

黄河三角洲潮间带及近岸浅海大型底栖动物物种组成及长周期变化

李宝泉¹^,², 姜少玉¹^,³, 吕卷章⁴, 陈琳琳¹^,², 闫朗¹, 刘春云¹, 李晓静¹^,², 宋博¹, 李新正²^,³^,⁵^,⁶^,^*()

^1. 中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所海岸带生物学与生物资源保护实验室, 山东烟台 264003
^2. 中国科学院海洋大科学中心, 山东青岛 266071
^3. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
^4. 山东黄河三角洲国家级自然保护区管理委员会, 山东东营 257091
^5. 中国科学院海洋研究所海洋生物分类与系统演化实验室, 山东青岛 266071
^6. 青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室海洋生物与生物技术功能实验室, 山东青岛 266071

收稿日期:2020-09-24 接受日期:2021-01-13 出版日期:2020-12-20 发布日期:2021-01-27
通讯作者: 李新正
作者简介:* : E-mail: lixzh@qdio.ac.cn
基金资助:
美丽中国生态文明建设科技工程专项(XDA23050304);美丽中国生态文明建设科技工程专项(XDA23050202);中国科学院前沿科学重点研究项目(QYZDB-SSW-DQC041)

Species composition and long-term variation of macrobenthos in intertidal zone and offshore areas of the Yellow River Delta

Baoquan Li¹^,², Shaoyu Jiang¹^,³, Juanzhang Lü⁴, Linlin Chen¹^,², Lang Yan¹, Chunyun Liu¹, Xiaojing Li¹^,², Bo Song¹, Xinzheng Li²^,³^,⁵^,⁶^,^*()

^1. Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Bioresource Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong 264003
^2. Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266071
^3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049
^4. Yellow River Delta National Nature Reserve Management Committee, Dongying, Shandong 257091
^5. Department of Marine Organism Taxonomy & Phylogeny, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266071
^6. Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, Shandong 266071

Received:2020-09-24 Accepted:2021-01-13 Online:2020-12-20 Published:2021-01-27
Contact: Xinzheng Li

1. 附录1 黄河三角洲潮间带及近岸浅海大型底栖动物物种名录.pdf(304KB)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

黄河三角洲湿地是渤海重要的生态功能区, 在生物多样性保护与生态功能恢复方面发挥着重要作用。为系统研究该区域内大型底栖动物群落物种组成及时空分布, 作者在该区域典型潮间带和近岸浅海(5 m以浅水域)布设11个断面, 分别于2016年8月和11月, 2017年5月、8月和11月进行3个季节取样。结果显示: 黄河三角洲潮间带和邻近海域共发现大型底栖动物187种。其中, 潮间带分布119种, 近岸浅海分布99种。黄河三角洲潮间带和近海大型底栖动物物种组成均具有明显的时空差异。与历史资料相比, 黄河三角洲潮间带和近岸浅海大型底栖动物物种组成发生了明显变化, 动物个体呈小型化趋势。总体表现为自20世纪90年代末至今, 个体大的甲壳动物和软体动物经济类群逐渐被个体小且经济价值较低的多毛类、双壳类和甲壳动物取代。引起上述变化的原因复杂, 主要驱动力包括黄河来水量与输沙量的减少、人类活动(过度捕捞、开发力度加大)和互花米草(Spartina alterniflora)入侵。

关键词: 黄河三角洲, 生物多样性, 湿地, 大型底栖动物群落, 物种组成

Abstract

The Yellow River Delta wetlands play a major role in protecting the biodiversity and ecological function of the Bohai Sea. To understand the species diversity and spatial-temporal dynamics of macrobenthic community in this region, five surveys were carried out in intertidal zone and offshore areas in August and November 2016, May, August and November 2017, respectively. Results showed that 187 macrobenthic species were identified in surveyed areas, of which, 119 species were found in the intertidal zone and 99 in offshore areas. Obvious variation was found in the spatio-temporal distribution pattern of species composition. Compared to historical records, individuals of certain species presented a miniaturization trend in body size. The dominant species composition also has undergone an obvious change from large-sized crustacean and mollusc species toward small-sized polychaete, bivalve and crustacean species. Possible factors responsible for these changes are complex, including a decrease of water inflow and sediment transport by the Yellow River combined with human activities (overfishing and increasing exploitation) and other factors, e.g., salinity decrease and the invasion of Spartina alterniflora happened in the Yellow River Delta.

Key words: Yellow River Delta, biodiversity, wetlands, macrobenthic community, species composition

李宝泉, 姜少玉, 吕卷章, 陈琳琳, 闫朗, 刘春云, 李晓静, 宋博, 李新正 (2020) 黄河三角洲潮间带及近岸浅海大型底栖动物物种组成及长周期变化. 生物多样性, 28, 1511-1522. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2020164.

Baoquan Li, Shaoyu Jiang, Juanzhang Lü, Linlin Chen, Lang Yan, Chunyun Liu, Xiaojing Li, Bo Song, Xinzheng Li (2020) Species composition and long-term variation of macrobenthos in intertidal zone and offshore areas of the Yellow River Delta. Biodiversity Science, 28, 1511-1522. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2020164.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2020164

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2020/V28/I12/1511

图/表 8

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类群 Group	物种 Species	2016.08	2016.11	2017.05	2017.08	2017.11
多毛类 Polychaeta	丝异蚓虫 Heteromastus filiformis	0.056	0.074	0.035	-	0.066
	日本刺沙蚕 Hediste japonica	0.030	0.043	0.190	-	-
	浅古铜吻沙蚕 Glycera subaenea	-	-	-	0.021	-
甲壳动物 Crustacean	日本大眼蟹 Macrophthalmus japonicus	0.029	-	-	-	-
	秉氏泥蟹 Ilyoplax pingi	-	-	-	0.024	-
	朝鲜刺糠虾 Orientomysis koreana	-	-	-	0.048	-
软体动物 Mollusca	彩虹明樱蛤 Iridona iridescens	-	-	0.064	-	0.120
	大蜾蠃蜚 Corophium major	-	-	-	-	0.220
	光滑河蓝蛤 Potamocorbula laevis	0.250	0.039	0.081	-	-
	薄荚蛏 Siliqua pulchella	-	-	-	0.060	-
鱼类 Fish	弹涂鱼 Periophthalmus modestus	-	-	-	0.028	-
鱼类 Fish	黄鳍刺虾虎鱼 Acanthogobius flavimanus	-	-	-	0.020	-

类群 Group	物种 Species	2016.08	2016.11	2017.05	2017.08	2017.11
多毛类 Polychaeta	丝异蚓虫 Heteromastus filiformis	0.056	0.074	0.035	-	0.066
	日本刺沙蚕 Hediste japonica	0.030	0.043	0.190	-	-
	浅古铜吻沙蚕 Glycera subaenea	-	-	-	0.021	-
甲壳动物 Crustacean	日本大眼蟹 Macrophthalmus japonicus	0.029	-	-	-	-
	秉氏泥蟹 Ilyoplax pingi	-	-	-	0.024	-
	朝鲜刺糠虾 Orientomysis koreana	-	-	-	0.048	-
软体动物 Mollusca	彩虹明樱蛤 Iridona iridescens	-	-	0.064	-	0.120
	大蜾蠃蜚 Corophium major	-	-	-	-	0.220
	光滑河蓝蛤 Potamocorbula laevis	0.250	0.039	0.081	-	-
	薄荚蛏 Siliqua pulchella	-	-	-	0.060	-
鱼类 Fish	弹涂鱼 Periophthalmus modestus	-	-	-	0.028	-
鱼类 Fish	黄鳍刺虾虎鱼 Acanthogobius flavimanus	-	-	-	0.020	-

调查时间 Survey time	优势种 Dominant species	优势度 Dominant value	文献 References
1996. 4-11	文蛤 Meretrix meretrix	?	Cai & Tian, 2000
	缢蛏 Sinonovacula constricta	?
	四角蛤蜊 Mactra quadrangularis	?
	光滑河蓝蛤 Potamocorbula laevis	?
	彩虹明樱蛤 Iridona iridescens	?
	托氏?螺 Umbonium thomasi	?
	日本大眼蟹 Macrophthalmus japonicus	?
	天津厚蟹 Helice tientsinensis	?
	豆形拳蟹 Pyrhila pisum	?
	双齿围沙蚕 Perinereis aibuhitensis	?
	日本刺沙蚕 Hediste japonica	?
	齿吻沙蚕属一种 Nephtys sp.	?
2005.8	光滑河蓝蛤 Potamocorbula laevis	0.230	Liu, 2013
	四角蛤蜊 Mactra quadrangularis	0.043
	彩虹明樱蛤 Iridona iridescens	0.033
	寡节甘吻沙蚕 Glycinde gurjanovae	0.021
2008.5, 2008.8	四角蛤蜊 Mactra quadrangularis	?	Wang et al, 2010
2008.5, 2008.8	泥螺 Bullacta caurina	?	Wang et al, 2010
	双齿围沙蚕 Perinereis aibuhitensis	?
	彩虹明樱蛤 Iridona iridescens	?
	天津厚蟹 Helice tientsinensis	?
	青蛤 Cyclina sinensis	?
	豆形拳蟹 Pyrhila pisum	?
	光滑河蓝蛤 Potamocorbula laevis	?
	托氏?螺 Umbonium thomasi	?
	短文蛤 Meretrix petechialis	?
2010.5, 2010.8	光滑河蓝蛤 Potamocorbula laevis	0.332	Dong et al, 2012b
	彩虹明樱蛤 Iridona iridescens	0.064
	泥螺 Bullacta caurina	0.045
	托氏?螺 Umbonium thomasi	0.043
	短文蛤 Meretrix petechialis	0.043
	拟沼螺属一种 Assiminea sp.	0.026
	双齿围沙蚕 Perinereis aibuhitensis	0.025
	日本刺沙蚕 Hediste japonica	0.025
	四角蛤蜊 Mactra quadrangularis	0.023

调查时间 Survey time	优势种 Dominant species	优势度 Dominant value	文献 References
1996. 4-11	文蛤 Meretrix meretrix	?	Cai & Tian, 2000
	缢蛏 Sinonovacula constricta	?
	四角蛤蜊 Mactra quadrangularis	?
	光滑河蓝蛤 Potamocorbula laevis	?
	彩虹明樱蛤 Iridona iridescens	?
	托氏?螺 Umbonium thomasi	?
	日本大眼蟹 Macrophthalmus japonicus	?
	天津厚蟹 Helice tientsinensis	?
	豆形拳蟹 Pyrhila pisum	?
	双齿围沙蚕 Perinereis aibuhitensis	?
	日本刺沙蚕 Hediste japonica	?
	齿吻沙蚕属一种 Nephtys sp.	?
2005.8	光滑河蓝蛤 Potamocorbula laevis	0.230	Liu, 2013
	四角蛤蜊 Mactra quadrangularis	0.043
	彩虹明樱蛤 Iridona iridescens	0.033
	寡节甘吻沙蚕 Glycinde gurjanovae	0.021
2008.5, 2008.8	四角蛤蜊 Mactra quadrangularis	?	Wang et al, 2010
2008.5, 2008.8	泥螺 Bullacta caurina	?	Wang et al, 2010
	双齿围沙蚕 Perinereis aibuhitensis	?
	彩虹明樱蛤 Iridona iridescens	?
	天津厚蟹 Helice tientsinensis	?
	青蛤 Cyclina sinensis	?
	豆形拳蟹 Pyrhila pisum	?
	光滑河蓝蛤 Potamocorbula laevis	?
	托氏?螺 Umbonium thomasi	?
	短文蛤 Meretrix petechialis	?
2010.5, 2010.8	光滑河蓝蛤 Potamocorbula laevis	0.332	Dong et al, 2012b
	彩虹明樱蛤 Iridona iridescens	0.064
	泥螺 Bullacta caurina	0.045
	托氏?螺 Umbonium thomasi	0.043
	短文蛤 Meretrix petechialis	0.043
	拟沼螺属一种 Assiminea sp.	0.026
	双齿围沙蚕 Perinereis aibuhitensis	0.025
	日本刺沙蚕 Hediste japonica	0.025
	四角蛤蜊 Mactra quadrangularis	0.023

调查时间 Survey time	优势种 Dominant species	优势度 Dominant value	文献 References
2016. 8	光滑河蓝蛤 Potamocorbula laevis	0.250	本研究 This study
	丝异蚓虫 Heteromastus filiformis	0.056
	日本刺沙蚕 Hediste japonica	0.030
	日本大眼蟹 Macrophthalmus japonicus	0.029
2016. 11	丝异蚓虫 Heteromastus filiformis	0.074
	日本刺沙蚕 Hediste japonica	0.043
	光滑河蓝蛤 Potamocorbula laevis	0.039
2017. 5	日本刺沙蚕 Hediste japonica	0.190
	光滑河蓝蛤 Potamocorbula laevis	0.081
	彩虹明樱蛤 Iridona iridescens	0.064
2017. 8	丝异蚓虫 Heteromastus filiformis	0.035
	薄荚蛏 Siliqua pulchella	0.060
	朝鲜刺糠虾 Orientomysis koreana	0.048
	弹涂鱼 Periophthalmus modestus	0.028
	秉式泥蟹 Ilyoplax pingi	0.024
	浅古铜吻沙蚕 Glycera subaenea	0.021
2017. 11	黄鳍刺虾虎鱼 Acanthogobius flavimanus	0.020
	大蜾蠃蜚 Corophium major	0.220
	彩虹明樱蛤 Iridona iridescens	0.120
	丝异蚓虫 Heteromastus filiformis	0.066

黄河三角洲潮间带及近岸浅海大型底栖动物物种组成及长周期变化

Species composition and long-term variation of macrobenthos in intertidal zone and offshore areas of the Yellow River Delta

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调查时间 Survey time	物种 Species	参考文献 References
1996. 2; 1996. 5; 1996. 8; 1996.11	毛蚶 Anadara kagoshimensis	Gao & Tian, 1999
1996. 2; 1996. 5; 1996. 8; 1996.11	小刀蛏 Culrellus attenuatus
	纵肋织纹螺 Nassarius variciferus
	脊尾白虾 Exopalaemon carinicauda
	葛氏长臂虾 Palaemon gravieri
	口虾蛄 Oratosquilla oratoria
	绒毛细足蟹 Raphidopus ciliatus
	三疣梭子蟹 Portunus trituberculatus
	矛尾虾虎鱼 Chaeturichthys stigmaticas
	棘头梅童鱼 Collichthys lucidus
	短吻舌鳎 Cynoglossus abbreviatus
2007.5	口虾蛄 Oratosquilla oratoria	Zhang et al, 2010
	红带织纹螺 Nassarius succinctus
	纵肋织纹螺 Nassarius variciferus
	六丝钝尾虾虎鱼 Amblychaeturichthys hexanema
2017.5	寄居蟹 Pagurus minutus	本研究 This study
	豆形拳蟹 Pyrhila pisum
	脊尾白虾 Exopalaemon carinicauda
	中国蛤蜊 Mactra chinensis
	纵肋织纹螺 Nassarius variciferus
	葛氏长臂虾 Palaemon gravieri
	日本鲟 Charybdis japonica
	扁玉螺 Neverita didyma
	矛尾虾虎鱼 Chaeturichthys stigmatias

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