不同经营模式山核桃林地土壤pH值、养分与细菌多样性的差异

doi:10.17520/biods.2017268

生物多样性 ›› 2018, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (6): 611-619. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2017268

• 研究报告: 微生物多样性 • 上一篇下一篇

不同经营模式山核桃林地土壤pH值、养分与细菌多样性的差异

张媚, 林马水, 曹秀秀, 赵树民, 蒋达青, 王冰璇, 汪石莹, 樊炎迪, 郭明, 林海萍^*()

浙江农林大学生物农药高效制备技术国家地方联合工程实验室, 浙江临安 311300

收稿日期:2017-10-11 接受日期:2018-03-08 出版日期:2018-06-20 发布日期:2018-09-11
通讯作者: 林海萍
作者简介:# 共同第一作者
基金资助:
浙江省科技厅公益技术研究农业项目(2015C32078)、杭州市社会发展科研主动设计项目(20172015A01)和浙江省-中国林科院省院合作科技项目(2015SY11)

Difference in pH value and nutrient and bacterial diversity in the Carya cathayensis forest soil under different management models

Mei Zhang, Mashui Lin, Xiuxiu Cao, Shumin Zhao, Daqing Jiang, Bingxuan Wang, Shiying Wang, Yandi Fan, Ming Guo, Haiping Lin^*()

Local and National Joint Engineering Laboratory of Biopesticide High-Efficient Preparation, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Lin’an, Zhejiang 311300

Received:2017-10-11 Accepted:2018-03-08 Online:2018-06-20 Published:2018-09-11
Contact: Lin Haiping
About author:# Co-first authors

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探究土壤细菌多样性及其功能对山核桃(Carya cathayensis)经营模式的指导作用, 本文采用16S rRNA基因高通量测序技术检测并比较了生态经营和过度经营的山核桃林土壤中的细菌群落, 分析了山核桃干腐病发病期干腐病感病指数、土壤pH值、养分与细菌多样性的相关性。结果表明: (1)生态经营山核桃林的感病指数(3.3 ± 3.35)显著低于过度经营山核桃林(81.9 ± 1.27)。(2)生态经营山核桃林土壤pH (6.64 ± 0.06)显著高于过度经营山核桃林(5.80 ± 0.04)。(3)过度经营山核桃林土壤的速效磷、速效钾和速效氮含量分别为18.10 ± 0.58 mg/kg、698.63 ± 11.24 mg/kg和227.13 ± 3.81 mg/kg, 均分别显著高于三者在生态经营山核桃林土壤中的含量(14.94 ± 0.27 mg/kg、497.13 ± 6.19 mg/kg和195.28 ± 6.01 mg/kg)。(4)生态经营和过度经营山核桃林土壤分别有14和21个主要细菌属, 其中鞘氨醇单胞菌属(Sphingomonas)、Gaiella和溶杆菌属(Lysobacter)为生态经营山核桃林土壤的优势属, 其相对多度显著高于过度经营山核桃林; 而Bryobacter、Candidatus Solibacter和慢生根瘤菌属(Bradyrhizobium)为过度经营山核桃林土壤中的优势属, 其相对多度显著高于生态经营山核桃林。两种经营模式下山核桃林土壤的OTUs、Ace指数、Chao指数、Shannon指数和Simpson指数无显著差异。RDA分析与蒙特卡罗检验表明, pH值、速效磷和速效氮均对土壤细菌优势菌群群落结构有显著影响(P < 0.05)。

关键词: 生态经营, 过度经营, 山核桃干腐病, 细菌多样性, pH值, 土壤养分

Abstract

To optimize management of the Carya cathayensis forest through the diversity and function of soil bacteria, disease index, soil pH, and nutrient and soil bacterial diversity were investigated under ecological management and excessive management during the Botryosphaeria dothidea infected period using 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing technology. The correlations between each interrelationship factors were also analyzed. Results showed that the disease index of the ecologically managed forest was 3.3±3.35, which was significantly lower than that of the excessively managed forest with 81.9±1.27. Moreover, ecological management significantly improved the ability of hickory forest resistant to B. dothidea. The soil pH value of the ecologically managed forest was near neutral with a reading of 6.64±0.06, which was significantly higher than that of excessively managed forest soil with 5.80±0.04. The contents of available phosphorus, available potassium, and available nitrogen in the excessively managed forest soil were 18.10±0.58 mg/kg, 698.63±11.24 mg/kg and 227.13±3.81 mg/kg, which were significantly higher than those in the ecologically managed forest respectively, with 14.94±0.27 mg/kg, 497.13±6.19 mg/kg and 195.28±6.01 mg/kg. There were 14 and 21 major bacterial genera found in the ecologically and excessively managed forest soil samples, respectively. In ecologically managed forest soils, the dominant genera were Sphingomonas, Gaiella and Lysobacter, and the relative abundance of these was significantly higher than excessively managed forest soils. Bryobacter, Candidatus Solibacter, and Bradyrhizobium were the dominant genera in the excessively managed forest soils, and their relative abundance was significantly higher than the ecologically managed forest soils. There was no significant difference of OTUs or Ace, Chao, Shannon and Simpson indices between ecologically and excessively managed forest soils. Redundancy analysis (RDA) and Monte Carlo testing showed that pH value, available phosphorous and available nitrogen had significant effects on the bacterial flora of the dominant bacterial species in the soil (P < 0.05). Our results can provide valuable references for the sustainable management of hickory forests.

Key words: ecological management, excessive management, Carya cathayensis canker disease, bacterial diversity, pH value, soil nutrient

张媚, 林马水, 曹秀秀, 赵树民, 蒋达青, 王冰璇, 汪石莹, 樊炎迪, 郭明, 林海萍 (2018) 不同经营模式山核桃林地土壤pH值、养分与细菌多样性的差异. 生物多样性, 26, 611-619. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2017268.

Mei Zhang, Mashui Lin, Xiuxiu Cao, Shumin Zhao, Daqing Jiang, Bingxuan Wang, Shiying Wang, Yandi Fan, Ming Guo, Haiping Lin (2018) Difference in pH value and nutrient and bacterial diversity in the Carya cathayensis forest soil under different management models. Biodiversity Science, 26, 611-619. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2017268.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2017268

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2018/V26/I6/611

图/表 4

表1 不同经营模式山核桃林土壤pH值、养分含量与细菌多样性指数差异

Table 1 The comparison of pH value, nutrient contents and bacterial diversity indices of hickory forest under different management models

指标 Item	生态经营 Ecological management	过度经营 Excessive management
pH	6.64 ± 0.06 a	5.80 ± 0.04 b
速效磷 AP (mg/kg)	14.94 ± 0.27 b	18.10 ± 0.58 a
速效钾 AK (mg/kg)	497.13 ± 6.19 b	698.63 ± 11.24 a
速效氮 AN (mg/kg)	195.28 ± 6.01 b	227.13 ± 3.81 a
有机碳 OC (g/kg)	36.27 ± 1.58 a	37.57 ± 6.13 a
OTUs	3,786 ± 82 a	3,569 ± 128 a
Ace指数 Ace index	4,198 ± 136.80 a	4,044 ± 320.22 a
Chao指数 Chao index	4,117 ± 152.61 a	4,032 ± 304.55 a
Shannon指数 Shannon index	9.861 ± 0.116 a	9.648 ± 0.079 a
Simpson指数 Simpson index	0.9969 ± 0.0003 a	0.9965 ± 0.0003 a

图1 不同经营模式山核桃林土壤细菌物种相对多度聚类热图(热图对应的值为每一行物种相对多度经过标准化处理后得到的Z值)

Fig. 1 Species relative abundance clustering heatmap of bacteria of hickory forest soil under different management models. The corresponding values in heatmap are Z values which are obtained after standardized treatment of the relative abundance of each row of the species.

表2 不同经营模式下山核桃林土壤细菌优势菌群及相对多度差异

Table 2 The differences of dominant bacterial flora and relative abundance of hickory forest soil under different management models

菌群 Bacterial flora	生态经营 Ecological management (%)	过度经营Excessive management (%)
Sphingomonas	2.29 ± 0.18 a	1.47 ± 0.27 b
Gaiella	0.61 ± 0.07 a	0.41 ± 0.06 b
Lysobacter	0.57 ± 0.10 a	0.26 ± 0.05 b
Bryobacter	0.80 ± 0.08 b	1.03 ± 0.03 a
Candidatus Solibacter	0.87 ± 0.02 b	1.40 ± 0.07 a
Bradyrhizobium	0.67 ± 0.09 b	0.95 ± 0.07 a

图2 不同经营模式下山核桃林土壤细菌优势菌群与pH值和养分的相关性。AN: 速效氮; AP: 速效磷; AK: 速效钾; OC: 有机碳。

Fig. 2 Correlation of the dominant bacterial flora between the genus level and environmental variables of hickory forest soil under different management models. AN, Available nitrogen; AP, Available phosphorus; AK, Available potassium; OC, Organic carbon.

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不同经营模式山核桃林地土壤pH值、养分与细菌多样性的差异

Difference in pH value and nutrient and bacterial diversity in the Carya cathayensis forest soil under different management models

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