生物多样性 ›› 2018, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (6): 611-619. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2017268
张媚, 林马水, 曹秀秀, 赵树民, 蒋达青, 王冰璇, 汪石莹, 樊炎迪, 郭明, 林海萍*()
收稿日期:
2017-10-11
接受日期:
2018-03-08
出版日期:
2018-06-20
发布日期:
2018-09-11
通讯作者:
林海萍
作者简介:
# 共同第一作者
基金资助:
Mei Zhang, Mashui Lin, Xiuxiu Cao, Shumin Zhao, Daqing Jiang, Bingxuan Wang, Shiying Wang, Yandi Fan, Ming Guo, Haiping Lin*()
Received:
2017-10-11
Accepted:
2018-03-08
Online:
2018-06-20
Published:
2018-09-11
Contact:
Lin Haiping
About author:
# Co-first authors
摘要:
为探究土壤细菌多样性及其功能对山核桃(Carya cathayensis)经营模式的指导作用, 本文采用16S rRNA基因高通量测序技术检测并比较了生态经营和过度经营的山核桃林土壤中的细菌群落, 分析了山核桃干腐病发病期干腐病感病指数、土壤pH值、养分与细菌多样性的相关性。结果表明: (1)生态经营山核桃林的感病指数(3.3 ± 3.35)显著低于过度经营山核桃林(81.9 ± 1.27)。(2)生态经营山核桃林土壤pH (6.64 ± 0.06)显著高于过度经营山核桃林(5.80 ± 0.04)。(3)过度经营山核桃林土壤的速效磷、速效钾和速效氮含量分别为18.10 ± 0.58 mg/kg、698.63 ± 11.24 mg/kg和227.13 ± 3.81 mg/kg, 均分别显著高于三者在生态经营山核桃林土壤中的含量(14.94 ± 0.27 mg/kg、497.13 ± 6.19 mg/kg和195.28 ± 6.01 mg/kg)。(4)生态经营和过度经营山核桃林土壤分别有14和21个主要细菌属, 其中鞘氨醇单胞菌属(Sphingomonas)、Gaiella和溶杆菌属(Lysobacter)为生态经营山核桃林土壤的优势属, 其相对多度显著高于过度经营山核桃林; 而Bryobacter、Candidatus Solibacter和慢生根瘤菌属(Bradyrhizobium)为过度经营山核桃林土壤中的优势属, 其相对多度显著高于生态经营山核桃林。两种经营模式下山核桃林土壤的OTUs、Ace指数、Chao指数、Shannon指数和Simpson指数无显著差异。RDA分析与蒙特卡罗检验表明, pH值、速效磷和速效氮均对土壤细菌优势菌群群落结构有显著影响(P < 0.05)。
张媚, 林马水, 曹秀秀, 赵树民, 蒋达青, 王冰璇, 汪石莹, 樊炎迪, 郭明, 林海萍 (2018) 不同经营模式山核桃林地土壤pH值、养分与细菌多样性的差异. 生物多样性, 26, 611-619. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2017268.
Mei Zhang, Mashui Lin, Xiuxiu Cao, Shumin Zhao, Daqing Jiang, Bingxuan Wang, Shiying Wang, Yandi Fan, Ming Guo, Haiping Lin (2018) Difference in pH value and nutrient and bacterial diversity in the Carya cathayensis forest soil under different management models. Biodiversity Science, 26, 611-619. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2017268.
指标 Item | 生态经营 Ecological management | 过度经营 Excessive management |
---|---|---|
pH | 6.64 ± 0.06 a | 5.80 ± 0.04 b |
速效磷 AP (mg/kg) | 14.94 ± 0.27 b | 18.10 ± 0.58 a |
速效钾 AK (mg/kg) | 497.13 ± 6.19 b | 698.63 ± 11.24 a |
速效氮 AN (mg/kg) | 195.28 ± 6.01 b | 227.13 ± 3.81 a |
有机碳 OC (g/kg) | 36.27 ± 1.58 a | 37.57 ± 6.13 a |
OTUs | 3,786 ± 82 a | 3,569 ± 128 a |
Ace指数 Ace index | 4,198 ± 136.80 a | 4,044 ± 320.22 a |
Chao指数 Chao index | 4,117 ± 152.61 a | 4,032 ± 304.55 a |
Shannon指数 Shannon index | 9.861 ± 0.116 a | 9.648 ± 0.079 a |
Simpson指数 Simpson index | 0.9969 ± 0.0003 a | 0.9965 ± 0.0003 a |
表1 不同经营模式山核桃林土壤pH值、养分含量与细菌多样性指数差异
Table 1 The comparison of pH value, nutrient contents and bacterial diversity indices of hickory forest under different management models
指标 Item | 生态经营 Ecological management | 过度经营 Excessive management |
---|---|---|
pH | 6.64 ± 0.06 a | 5.80 ± 0.04 b |
速效磷 AP (mg/kg) | 14.94 ± 0.27 b | 18.10 ± 0.58 a |
速效钾 AK (mg/kg) | 497.13 ± 6.19 b | 698.63 ± 11.24 a |
速效氮 AN (mg/kg) | 195.28 ± 6.01 b | 227.13 ± 3.81 a |
有机碳 OC (g/kg) | 36.27 ± 1.58 a | 37.57 ± 6.13 a |
OTUs | 3,786 ± 82 a | 3,569 ± 128 a |
Ace指数 Ace index | 4,198 ± 136.80 a | 4,044 ± 320.22 a |
Chao指数 Chao index | 4,117 ± 152.61 a | 4,032 ± 304.55 a |
Shannon指数 Shannon index | 9.861 ± 0.116 a | 9.648 ± 0.079 a |
Simpson指数 Simpson index | 0.9969 ± 0.0003 a | 0.9965 ± 0.0003 a |
图1 不同经营模式山核桃林土壤细菌物种相对多度聚类热图(热图对应的值为每一行物种相对多度经过标准化处理后得到的Z值)
Fig. 1 Species relative abundance clustering heatmap of bacteria of hickory forest soil under different management models. The corresponding values in heatmap are Z values which are obtained after standardized treatment of the relative abundance of each row of the species.
菌群 Bacterial flora | 生态经营 Ecological management (%) | 过度经营Excessive management (%) |
---|---|---|
Sphingomonas | 2.29 ± 0.18 a | 1.47 ± 0.27 b |
Gaiella | 0.61 ± 0.07 a | 0.41 ± 0.06 b |
Lysobacter | 0.57 ± 0.10 a | 0.26 ± 0.05 b |
Bryobacter | 0.80 ± 0.08 b | 1.03 ± 0.03 a |
Candidatus Solibacter | 0.87 ± 0.02 b | 1.40 ± 0.07 a |
Bradyrhizobium | 0.67 ± 0.09 b | 0.95 ± 0.07 a |
表2 不同经营模式下山核桃林土壤细菌优势菌群及相对多度差异
Table 2 The differences of dominant bacterial flora and relative abundance of hickory forest soil under different management models
菌群 Bacterial flora | 生态经营 Ecological management (%) | 过度经营Excessive management (%) |
---|---|---|
Sphingomonas | 2.29 ± 0.18 a | 1.47 ± 0.27 b |
Gaiella | 0.61 ± 0.07 a | 0.41 ± 0.06 b |
Lysobacter | 0.57 ± 0.10 a | 0.26 ± 0.05 b |
Bryobacter | 0.80 ± 0.08 b | 1.03 ± 0.03 a |
Candidatus Solibacter | 0.87 ± 0.02 b | 1.40 ± 0.07 a |
Bradyrhizobium | 0.67 ± 0.09 b | 0.95 ± 0.07 a |
图2 不同经营模式下山核桃林土壤细菌优势菌群与pH值和养分的相关性。AN: 速效氮; AP: 速效磷; AK: 速效钾; OC: 有机碳。
Fig. 2 Correlation of the dominant bacterial flora between the genus level and environmental variables of hickory forest soil under different management models. AN, Available nitrogen; AP, Available phosphorus; AK, Available potassium; OC, Organic carbon.
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