江西九连山大型真菌多样性及资源评价

doi:10.17520/biods.2026103

生物多样性 ›› 2026, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (6): 26103. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2026103 cstr: 32101.14.biods.2026103

江西九连山大型真菌多样性及资源评价

肖银润¹(), 裘源春², 王赟萍¹, 马吉平¹, 钟啟萍¹, 王素贞¹, 钟国祥¹, 张诚¹^,^*()

¹ 江西省农业科学院农业应用微生物研究所, 南昌 330200
² 江西省鹰潭市农业技术推广中心, 江西鹰潭 335000

收稿日期:2026-03-26 接受日期:2026-05-20 出版日期:2026-06-20 发布日期:2026-07-30
通讯作者: *E-mail: 693871908@qq.com
基金资助:
江西省第一次农业微生物种质资源普查(2021-2023);江西主栽食用菌提质增效关键技术研究与应用(2023-2025);广昌食用菌高质高效栽培关键技术及装备研究与应用(2024-2026)

Macrofungal diversity and resource evaluation in Jiulianshan, Jiangxi Province

Yinrun Xiao¹(), Yuanchun Qiu², Yunping Wang¹, Jiping Ma¹, Qiping Zhong¹, Suzhen Wang¹, Guoxiang Zhong¹, Cheng Zhang¹^,^*()

¹ Institute of Agricultural Applied Microbiology, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang 330200, China
² Agricultural Technology Extension Center of Yingtan City, Yingtan, Jiangxi 335000, China

Received:2026-03-26 Accepted:2026-05-20 Online:2026-06-20 Published:2026-07-30
Contact: *E-mail: 693871908@qq.com
Supported by:
First Agricultural Microbial Germplasm Resources Survey of Jiangxi Province(2021-2023);Research and Application of Key Technologies for Improving Quality and Efficiency of Main Cultivated Edible Fungi in Jiangxi Province(2023-2025);Research and Application of Key Technologies and Equipment for High-Quality and High-Efficiency Cultivation of Edible Fungi in Guangchang(2024-2026)

1. 附录.zip(548KB)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为系统阐明九连山国家级自然保护区大型真菌物种组成、资源价值和濒危现状, 本研究于2023–2025年采用样线法和随机踏查法, 对该区大型真菌进行了资源调查, 共获得标本737份。基于分子系统发育证据和形态学特征, 共鉴定大型真菌215种, 隶属于2门6纲17目64科123属, 其中子囊菌门3纲4目7科8属11种, 担子菌门3纲13目57科115属204种, 包含江西新记录种6种。该地区大型真菌的优势科为多孔菌科、类脐菇科、小脆柄菇科和红菇科, 共61种, 占比28.37%; 裸脚伞属(Gymnopus)、光柄菇属(Pluteus)、红菇属(Russula)和小菇属(Mycena)等9个属为优势属, 共56种, 占比26.05%。该区大型真菌生长的主要植被类型为亚热带常绿阔叶林, 主要营养型为木生型。资源评价表明, 鉴定的大型真菌中食用菌有29种, 药用菌有32种, 食药兼用菌有33种, 毒菌有33种。濒危现状分析发现近危物种1种, 占总物种数的0.46%, 无易危、濒危和极危物种。本研究揭示了九连山国家级自然保护区大型真菌多样性现状, 可为该区域真菌深入调查、生态保护和资源利用提供数据支撑。

关键词: 大型真菌, 物种多样性, 九连山, 资源评价

Abstract

Aims: This study aims to conduct field investigations and specimen collection in order to systematically clarify the species composition, taxonomic characteristics, resource value and endangered status of the macrofungi in the Jiulianshan National Nature Reserve (hereinafter referred to as “Jiulianshan”).

Methods: 737 macrofungal specimens were obtained in total from 2023 to 2025 in Jiulianshan using line transect and random survey methods. Species identification was conducted based on molecular phylogenetic evidence and morphological characteristics.

Results: A total of 215 species of macrofungi were identified, and they belong to 2 phyla, 6 classes, 17 orders, 64 families, 123 genera. Among them, 3 classes, 4 orders, 7 families, 8 genera and 11 species are ascomycetes, while 3 classes, 13 orders, 57 families, 115 genera and 204 species are basidiomycetes. Six species are new records in Jiangxi. The dominant families include Polyporaceae, Omphalotaceae, Psathyrellaceae and Russulaceae, with 61 species, accounting for 28.37% of the total species. The 9 dominant genera include Gymnopus, Pluteus, Russula and Mycena, which comprise 56 species accounting for 26.05% of the total species. The subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest is the dominant vegetation type where macrofungi grow, and the main nutritional type is lignicolous. The resource evaluation showed that 29 species were edible fungi, 32 species medicinal fungi, 33 species of edible-medicinal fungi and 33 species poisonous fungi. Threat status analysis revealed that one species was categorized as Near Threatened, accounting for 0.46% of the total species, and no Vulnerable, Endangered or Critically Endangered species were recognized.

Conclusions: The study reveals the current status of macrofungal diversity in Jiulianshan National Nature Reserve, which provide fundamental data support for further investigations of macrofungi, ecological protection and resource utilization in the area.

Key words: macrofungi, species diversity, Jiulianshan, resource evaluation

肖银润, 裘源春, 王赟萍, 马吉平, 钟啟萍, 王素贞, 钟国祥, 张诚 (2026) 江西九连山大型真菌多样性及资源评价. 生物多样性, 34, 26103. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2026103.

Yinrun Xiao, Yuanchun Qiu, Yunping Wang, Jiping Ma, Qiping Zhong, Suzhen Wang, Guoxiang Zhong, Cheng Zhang (2026) Macrofungal diversity and resource evaluation in Jiulianshan, Jiangxi Province. Biodiversity Science, 34, 26103. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2026103.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2026103

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2026/V34/I6/26103

图/表 3

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科 Family	属数 No. of genus	种数 No. of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	15	24	11.16
类脐菇科 Omphalotaceae	6	17	7.91
小脆柄菇科 Psathyrellaceae	5	10	4.65
红菇科 Russulaceae	2	10	4.65
合计 Total	28	61	28.37

科 Family	属数 No. of genus	种数 No. of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	15	24	11.16
类脐菇科 Omphalotaceae	6	17	7.91
小脆柄菇科 Psathyrellaceae	5	10	4.65
红菇科 Russulaceae	2	10	4.65
合计 Total	28	61	28.37

属 Genus	种数 No. of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
光柄菇属 Pluteus	8	3.72
裸脚伞属 Gymnopus	8	3.72
小菇属 Mycena	7	3.26
红菇属 Russula	7	3.26
蘑菇属 Agaricus	6	2.79
鹅膏属 Amanita	5	2.33
拟金钱菌属 Collybiopsis	5	2.33
小脆柄菇属 Psathyrella	5	2.33
小皮伞属 Marasmius	5	2.33
合计 Total	56	26.05

属 Genus	种数 No. of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
光柄菇属 Pluteus	8	3.72
裸脚伞属 Gymnopus	8	3.72
小菇属 Mycena	7	3.26
红菇属 Russula	7	3.26
蘑菇属 Agaricus	6	2.79
鹅膏属 Amanita	5	2.33
拟金钱菌属 Collybiopsis	5	2.33
小脆柄菇属 Psathyrella	5	2.33
小皮伞属 Marasmius	5	2.33
合计 Total	56	26.05

物种 Species	出现频次 No. of times found
田头菇 Agrocybe praecox	30
冷杉附毛孔菌 Trichaptum abietinum	30
环纹齿毛菌 Cerrena zonata	31
短毛木耳 Auricularia villosula	33
烟管菌 Bjerkandera adusta	33
血红密孔菌 Pycnoporus sanguineus	35
云芝栓孔菌 Trametes versicolor	37
毛栓孔菌 Trametes hirsuta	38
白囊耙齿菌 Irpex lacteus	42
裂褶菌 Schizophyllum commune	45

江西九连山大型真菌多样性及资源评价

Macrofungal diversity and resource evaluation in Jiulianshan, Jiangxi Province

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