生物多样性 ›› 2025, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (3): 24573.  DOI: 10.17520/biods.2024573  cstr: 32101.14.biods.2024573

• 昆蒙框架如何在中国体制下成为主流工作目标专题 • 上一篇    下一篇

地方政府执行《中国生物多样性保护战略与行动计划(2023‒2030年)》的难点及对策建议

黄金丽, 王茜璐, 王爱华*   

  1. 生态环境部对外合作与交流中心, 北京 100035
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-19 修回日期:2025-03-25 出版日期:2025-03-20 发布日期:2025-04-11
  • 通讯作者: 王爱华

Challenges and countermeasures for local governments in the implementation of the China National Biodiversity Conservation Strategy and Action Plan (2023‒2030)

Jinli Huang, Qianlu Wang, Aihua Wang*   

  1. Foreign Environmental Cooperation Center, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing 100035, China
  • Received:2024-12-19 Revised:2025-03-25 Online:2025-03-20 Published:2025-04-11
  • Contact: Aihua Wang

摘要: 《中国生物多样性保护战略与行动计划(2023‒2030年)》(以下简称《行动计划》)是我国应对新时期生物多样性保护的新要求而制定的重要纲领性文件, 明确了未来生物多样性保护工作的战略方向和目标。地方政府作为《行动计划》的基层执行主体, 其执行力直接影响了《行动计划》的落地成效。本文梳理了地方政府在执行《行动计划》过程中面临的难点: 一是生物多样性主流化不足, 部门间协同机制不完善, 现有政策法规在实施层面需细化与完善, 公众与企业认知不足, 社会参与度较低; 二是资金来源单一, 多元化融资机制尚未成熟; 三是生物多样性监测网络建设有待优化。为确保地方执行层面有效落实《行动计划》, 建议进一步完善政策协同与地方政府考核机制, 优化资金配置并探索多样化融资渠道, 提升技术与数据能力, 加强网络监测建设并整合多源数据, 通过宣传与教育提升公众和企业认知, 提高社会参与度。

关键词: 生物多样性, 战略与行动计划, 地方政府, 执行力

Abstract

Background & Aims: The China National Biodiversity Conservation Strategy and Action Plan (2023‒2030) (hereinafter referred to as the Action Plan) is a critical programmatic document developed by China in response to the new demands of biodiversity conservation in the contemporary era. It outlines the strategic direction and objectives for future biodiversity conservation efforts. As grass-roots implementer of the Action Plan, local governments play a pivotal role, and their execution directly influence the overall effectiveness of the Action Plan. 

Results: We examine the difficulties faced by local governments during the implementation of the Action Pan. Firstly, the integration of biodiversity into broader policy frameworks remains inadequate, inter-departmental coordination mechanisms require further development, existing policies and regulations need refinement for better implementation, public and corporate awareness is insufficient, and social engagement remains limited. Secondly, funding sources are overly concentrated, and a diversified financing mechanism has yet to mature. Thirdly, the construction and optimization of the biodiversity monitoring network warrant further attention. 

Recommendations: To ensure the successful implementation of the Action Plan at the local level, it is recommended to strengthen policy coordination refine evaluation mechanisms for local governments, optimize the allocation while exploring diversified financing channels, enhance technical and data capabilities, reinforce network monitoring and the integration of multi-source data, raise public and corporate awareness through targeted publicity and educational initiatives, and promote greater social participation.

Key words: biodiversity, strategy and action plan, local government, enforcement authority