北京东灵山暖温带落叶阔叶林幼树及成树生产力的影响因素

doi:10.17520/biods.2024284

生物多样性 ›› 2024, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (12): 24284. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2024284 cstr: 32101.14.biods.2024284

北京东灵山暖温带落叶阔叶林幼树及成树生产力的影响因素

杜晴晴¹^,²^,³(), 任思远⁴, Nicole Tsz Shun Yuan⁵, 祝燕¹^,²^,^*()()

1.中国科学院植物研究所植被与环境变化重点实验室, 北京 100093
2.国家植物园, 北京 100093
3.中国科学院大学生命科学学院, 北京 101408
4.中国自然资源航空物探遥感中心, 北京 100083
5. Campus of Tsinghua University High School, Beijing 100084

收稿日期:2024-07-01 接受日期:2024-12-15 出版日期:2024-12-20 发布日期:2025-01-24
通讯作者: *E-mail: zhuyan@ibcas.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(32271614);国家自然科学基金(31870408);中国科学院战略生物资源计划和中国科学院植被与环境变化国家重点实验室资助项目(Y7206F1016)

Factors affecting the productivity of sapling and adult trees in the warm temperate deciduous broad-leaved forest of Donglingshan, Beijing

Qingqing Du¹^,²^,³(), Siyuan Ren⁴, Nicole Tsz Shun Yuan⁵, Yan Zhu¹^,²^,^*()()

1. Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
2. China National Botanical Garden, Beijing 100093, China
3. College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
4. China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Natural Resources, Beijing 100083, China
5. Campus of Tsinghua University High School, Beijing 100084, China

Received:2024-07-01 Accepted:2024-12-15 Online:2024-12-20 Published:2025-01-24
Contact: *E-mail: zhuyan@ibcas.ac.cn
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(32271614);National Natural Science Foundation of China(31870408);Biological Resources Programme, Chinese Academy of Sciences and the State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Chinese Academy of Sciences(Y7206F1016)

1. 附录.pdf(324KB)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 研究森林生产力对提升森林生态系统功能具有重要意义, 然而现有研究一般关注森林中树木的总体生产力, 对幼树、成树生产力的关注较少, 且较少探讨物种多样性和群落结构等因素对幼树、成树生产力的影响。本研究基于东灵山暖温带落叶阔叶林20 ha动态监测样地调查数据, 计算了物种丰富度、胸径变异系数和土壤养分等指数, 采用回归分析和结构方程模型分析, 分别探讨上述因素对总体、幼树和成树生产力的影响。结果表明, 树木的总体生产力受到总体初始生物量、总体物种丰富度和土壤养分显著的正影响, 受到胸径变异系数显著的负影响; 幼树生产力受到幼树初始生物量、幼树物种丰富度和胸径变异系数显著的正影响, 总体物种丰富度和土壤养分的影响不显著, 但随着土壤养分增加, 幼树物种丰富度对幼树生产力有显著正影响; 成树生产力受到成树初始生物量、总体物种丰富度和土壤养分显著的正影响, 受到胸径变异系数显著的负影响, 成树物种多样性的影响不显著, 但随着土壤养分增加, 成树物种丰富度对成树生产力有显著负影响。各个因素对成树生产力的影响作用与总体树木类似, 而在幼树中有所不同, 生态位互补效应假说和植被数量假说很好地解释了森林生产力的提高。本研究为森林中不同生活史阶段树木的科学经营管理提供了理论依据, 对暖温带次生林的森林抚育具有重要意义。

关键词: 物种多样性, 群落结构, 土壤养分, 生产力, 生活史阶段

Abstract

Aim: Research on forest productivity is of great significance for improving forest ecosystem function. However, most studies focus on the productivity of total trees in forests, with relatively little research on the productivity of sapling trees and adult trees, and rarely discuss the effects of species diversity and community structure on the productivity of sapling trees and adult trees.

Methods: This study is based on tree inventory data collected from 20 ha Donglingshan warm temperate deciduous broad-leaf forest plot. Species richness, coefficient of variation in diameter at breast height (DBHcv), and soil nutrients were calculated. We utilized regression models and structural equation models to examine the effects of these factors on productivity of total trees, sapling trees, and adult trees.

Results: For productivity of total trees, initial biomass of total trees, total tree species richness, and soil nutrients had significant positive effects, while DBHcv had a significant negative effect. For productivity of sapling trees, initial biomass of sapling trees, sapling tree species richness, and DBHcv had significant positive effects, while total tree species richness and soil nutrients had no significant impact. As soil nutrients increased, sapling tree species richness had a significant positive effect on productivity. For productivity of adult trees, initial biomass of adult trees, total tree species richness, and soil nutrients had significant positive effects, while DBHcv had a significant negative effect and adult tree species richness had no significant effect. As soil nutrients increased, adult tree species richness had a significant negative effect on productivity. The effects of species diversity, community structure and soil nutrients on productivity of adult trees were similar to those on productivity of total trees, but different in sapling trees.

Conclusion: Our study demonstrates that the effects of species diversity, community structure, and soil nutrients on productivity of trees vary across different life history stages. Both the niche complementarity effect hypothesis and the vegetation quantity hypothesis can well explain the increase of forest productivity. This study provides a theoretical basis for the management practices of trees in different life history stages and will have important implications for forest tending in warm temperate secondary forests.

Key words: species diversity, community structure, soil nutrients, productivity, life history stages

杜晴晴, 任思远, Nicole Tsz Shun Yuan, 祝燕 (2024) 北京东灵山暖温带落叶阔叶林幼树及成树生产力的影响因素. 生物多样性, 32, 24284. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2024284.

Qingqing Du, Siyuan Ren, Nicole Tsz Shun Yuan, Yan Zhu (2024) Factors affecting the productivity of sapling and adult trees in the warm temperate deciduous broad-leaved forest of Donglingshan, Beijing. Biodiversity Science, 32, 24284. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2024284.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2024284

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2024/V32/I12/24284

图/表 4

表1 东灵山样地总体树木、幼树和成树基本信息统计

Table 1 Basic tree information of total trees, sapling trees, and adult trees in the Donglingshan plot

	生活型 Life form	胸径 DBH (cm)	物种数量 Species richness	个体数量 Number of individuals
幼树 Sapling trees	乔木 Canopy tree	1.0-10.0	19	22,173
	小乔木 Understory tree	1.0-5.0	4	315
	灌木 Shrub	1.0-2.0	23	4,632
成树 Adult trees	乔木 Canopy tree	≥ 10.0	19	8,852
	小乔木 Understory tree	≥ 5.0	6	142
	灌木 Shrub	≥ 2.0	25	11,526
总体树木 Total trees	乔木 Canopy tree	/	19	31,025
	小乔木 Understory tree	/	6	457
	灌木 Shrub	/	28	16,158

图1 总体物种丰富度、胸径变异系数、初始生物量和土壤养分与总体、幼树和成树生产力之间的双变量关系。数据在分析前都经过标准化, 减去平均值再除以标准差。土壤养分由5个土壤理化指标(SOM、TN、TP、TK、SW)主成分分析的PC1轴表示。实线代表关系显著, 虚线代表关系不显著, 灰色区域代表95%置信区间。Slope表示一元回归的斜率; P值表示整个模型的显著度。

Fig. 1 Bivariate relationships between species richness of total trees, coefficient of variation of the DBH, initial biomass, and soil nutrients with productivity. All data are standardized before analysis, subtracting the mean and dividing by the standard deviation. Soil nutrients are represented by the PC1 axis of the principal component analysis of five soil physicochemical indicators (SOM, TN, TP, TK, SW). The solid lines represent a significant relationship, the dashed lines represent a non-significant relationship, and the gray area represents the 95% confidence interval of the model. Slope represents the estimated coefficient of bivariate regression; P represents significance of the whole regression model.

图2 物种丰富度、胸径变异系数、初始生物量和土壤养分对总体、幼树和成树生产力的影响。AGBi_tot: 总体树木初始生物量; AGBi_sap: 幼树初始生物量; AGBi_adu: 成树初始生物量; SR_tot: 总体树木物种丰富度; SR_sap: 幼树物种丰富度; SR_adu: 成树物种丰富度; DBHcv: 胸径变异系数; PC1: 土壤养分主成分分析PC1轴。圆圈和短线分别代表标准化回归系数估计值和95%置信区间。实心圆圈代表效应显著, 空心不显著。“:”表示两个变量的交互作用。

Fig. 2 The effects of tree species richness, coefficient of variation of the DBH, initial biomass, and soil nutrients on the productivity of total trees, sapling trees, and adult trees. AGBi_tot, Initial biomass of total trees; AGBi_sap, Initial biomass of sapling trees; AGBi_adu, Initial biomass of adult trees; SR_tot, Species richness of total trees; SR_sap, Species richness of sapling trees; SR_adu, Species richness of adult trees; DBHcv, Coefficient of variation of DBH; PC1, PC1 axis of soil nutrient principal component analysis. The circles and short lines represent the estimated values of standardized regression coefficients and the 95% confidence interval, respectively. A solid circle means the effect is significant, while a hollow circle is not. “:” indicates the interaction of two variables.

图3 总体、幼树和成树生产力的直接和间接驱动因素的贝叶斯结构方程模型图。PC1: 土壤养分主成分分析PC1轴。红色和蓝色实线表示路径正显著和负显著, 灰色虚线表示路径不显著, 黑点表示交互效应。箭头线附近的数值表示标准化路径系数, 箭头宽度与标准化路径系数成正比, 并给出响应变量R2。指向其他箭头的箭头和黑点表示交互效应, 这表明一个变量会介导另外两个变量之间的关系。* P < 0.05; ** P < 0.01; *** P < 0.001。LOOIC: 留一法信息准则, 评估模型的预测性能。

Fig. 3 Bayesian structural equation models about the impact of direct and indirect drivers on productivity of total trees, sapling trees, and adult trees. PC1, PC1 axis of soil nutrient principal component analysis; SR_tot, Species richness of total trees; SR_sap, Species richness of sapling trees; SR_adu, Species richness of adult trees; DBHcv, Coefficient of variation of DBH; AGBi_tot, Initial biomass of total trees; AGBi_sap, Initial biomass of sapling trees; AGBi_adu, Initial biomass of adult trees; P_tot: Productivity of total trees; P_sap: Productivity of sapling trees; P_adu: Productivity of adult trees. Solid red and blue lines represent significant positive and negative paths, respectively, while gray dashed lines represent non-significant paths. Black dots represent interaction effects. Numerical values adjacent to arrow lines represent standardized path coefficients, with arrow width proportional to the coefficient, and response variables’ R2 are provided. Arrows and black dots pointing towards other arrows represent interactive effects, demonstrating one variable mediating the relationship between two other variables. * P < 0.05; ** P < 0.01; *** P < 0.001. LOOIC (leave-one-out information criterion) assess predictive performance of the models.

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北京东灵山暖温带落叶阔叶林幼树及成树生产力的影响因素

Factors affecting the productivity of sapling and adult trees in the warm temperate deciduous broad-leaved forest of Donglingshan, Beijing

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