千岛湖栖息地片段化对大山雀营巢资源利用的影响

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1003.2010.383

生物多样性 ›› 2010, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (4): 383-389. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2010.383

千岛湖栖息地片段化对大山雀营巢资源利用的影响

张蒙, 孙吉吉, 王彦平, 蒋萍萍, 丁平(), 徐高福²

1 浙江大学生命科学学院, 濒危动植物保护生物学教育部重点实验室, 杭州 310058
2 浙江省淳安县新安江开发总公司, 浙江淳安 311700

收稿日期:2010-05-05 接受日期:2010-06-04 出版日期:2010-07-20 发布日期:2010-07-20
通讯作者: 丁平
作者简介:*E-mail: dingping@zju.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(30870315);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金和浙江省新苗人才(2008R40G2010055)

Effects of habitat fragmentation on the use of nest site resources by great tits in Thousand Island Lake, Zhejiang Province

Meng Zhang, Jiji Sun, Yanping Wang, Pingping Jiang, Ping Ding(), Gaofu Xu²

1 College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, the Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife of the Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058
2 Xin’an River Development Corporation, Chun’an county, Zhejiang 311700

Received:2010-05-05 Accepted:2010-06-04 Online:2010-07-20 Published:2010-07-20
Contact: Ping Ding

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了解栖息地片段化对次级洞巢鸟营巢资源利用的影响, 我们于2008年2-8月, 在千岛湖地区选取21个岛屿, 采用悬挂人工巢箱方法进行大山雀(Parus major)招引实验。通过测定岛屿面积、岛屿隔离度、捕食者活动率、人工巢箱周围植被盖度和人工巢箱巢向等5种参数, 分析大山雀人工巢箱利用与上述参数间的关系。实验期间, 共悬挂443个人工巢箱, 其中有72个(16.3%)被大山雀利用。大山雀倾向于选择捕食者活动率低、植被盖度低、巢口向东或向南的人工巢箱; 岛屿面积和隔离度对大山雀利用人工巢箱不存在显著的直接影响, 但岛屿面积可通过影响捕食者的活动率, 对大山雀利用人工巢箱产生间接影响。因此, 我们认为在栖息地片段化后, 应更多关注对洞巢鸟营巢资源利用有直接影响的栖息地特征因素, 以及片段化效应的间接影响。

关键词: Parus major, 人工巢箱, 营巢资源利用, 栖息地片段化, 千岛湖

Abstract

To investigate the effects of habitat fragmentation on the use of nest site resources by a secondary cavity-nesting bird species, the great tit (Parus major), we placed 443 artificial nest boxes on 21 islands in Thousand Island Lake from February to August 2008. Among the nest boxes 72 (16.3%) were used by great tits. We analyzed the relationships between island area, island isolation, predator activity, vegetation cover and nest box orientation and the use of nest boxes by great tits. Great tits preferred nest boxes with lower predator activity, lower vegetation cover, and an eastern or southern orientation. Island area and isolation did not affect the use of nest boxes directly, but island area indirectly influenced the use of nest boxes by affecting predator activity. Our results suggest that attention should be paid to environmental variables that directly affect the use of nest site resources by great tits. Our study also highlights the importance of the indirect effects of habitat fragmentation on the use of nest site resources by great tits.

Key words: Parus major, artificial nest box, use of nest site resource, habitat fragmentation, the Thousand Island Lake

张蒙, 孙吉吉, 王彦平, 蒋萍萍, 丁平, 徐高福 (2010) 千岛湖栖息地片段化对大山雀营巢资源利用的影响. 生物多样性, 18, 383-389. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2010.383.

Meng Zhang, Jiji Sun, Yanping Wang, Pingping Jiang, Ping Ding, Gaofu Xu (2010) Effects of habitat fragmentation on the use of nest site resources by great tits in Thousand Island Lake, Zhejiang Province. Biodiversity Science, 18, 383-389. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2010.383.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.3724/SP.J.1003.2010.383

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2010/V18/I4/383

图/表 6

图1 千岛湖地区研究岛屿分布(黑色标记部分)

Fig. 1 Locations of study islands (highlighted in black) in the Thousand Island Lake

表1 栖息地特征参数与人工巢箱利用情况

Table 1 Habitat variables and the use of artificial nest boxes

岛屿 Island		面积 Area (ha)	隔离度 Isolation (m)	悬挂人工巢箱数 Number of nest boxes	大山雀利用箱数 Nest boxes used by great tit	捕食者活动率 Predator activity (%)
1		101.03	114.1	41	3	48.78
2	47.97		487.6	24	9	62.50
3	36.56		25.2	49	6	85.71
4	30.99		37.6	36	6	41.67
5	27.49		949.7	31	6	32.26
6	2.78		36.2	16	4	6.25
7	2.56		119.5	26	8	23.08
8	2.12		799.8	24	3	0
9	1.66		42.2	27	1	3.70
10	1.44		659.9	19	2	5.26
11	1.35		70	12	4	16.67
12	1.03		67.2	18	4	55.56
13	0.97		74.4	8	3	12.50
14	0.86		1,664.1	21	2	0
15	0.79		89.6	12	0	0
16	0.62		578.9	21	1	0
17	0.57		76.7	18	3	11.11
18	0.53		19.7	11	2	54.55
19	0.39		1,756.5	10	1	0
20	0.36		134.3	10	4	0
21	0.25		1,442.9	9	0	22.22

图2 大山雀人工巢箱利用率与各栖息地特征因素间的关系

Fig. 2 Relationship between habitat variables and probability of artificial nest box use by great tit

图3 捕食者活动率与岛屿面积(A)和岛屿隔离度(B)的相关性分析

Fig. 3 Relationships between predator activity and island area (A) and island isolation (B)

图4 大山雀利用巢箱巢向的分布(·=1人工巢箱)

Fig. 4 The orientation distribution of artificial nest boxes used by great tit (·=1 nest box)

图5 大山雀利用巢箱巢向的百分比

Fig. 5 The relative orientation percentage of artificial nest boxes used by great tit

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千岛湖栖息地片段化对大山雀营巢资源利用的影响

Effects of habitat fragmentation on the use of nest site resources by great tits in Thousand Island Lake, Zhejiang Province

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