生物多样性 ›› 2020, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (10): 1182-1191. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2020035
颜碧玥1,3,4, 佟富春2, 况露辉1,3,4, 牟之建1,3,4, 吴文佳1,3, 蔡洪月1,4, 王俊1, 简曙光1, 任海1, 刘占锋1,3,*()
收稿日期:
2020-02-04
接受日期:
2020-04-27
出版日期:
2020-10-20
发布日期:
2020-10-20
通讯作者:
刘占锋
作者简介:
E-mail: liuzf@scbg.ac.cn基金资助:
Biyue Yan1,3,4, Fuchun Tong2, Luhui Kuang1,3,4, Zhijian Mou1,3,4, Wenjia Wu1,3, Hongyue Cai1,4, Jun Wang1, Shuguang Jian1, Hai Ren1, Zhanfeng Liu1,3,*()
Received:
2020-02-04
Accepted:
2020-04-27
Online:
2020-10-20
Published:
2020-10-20
Contact:
Zhanfeng Liu
摘要:
有害植物孪花蟛蜞菊(Wedelia biflora)的扩张对我国西沙群岛原生植物群落结构和功能产生了深刻影响, 但陆生软体动物如何响应该扩张却未见报道。本文调查了西沙群岛永兴岛孪花蟛蜞菊不同扩张程度下褐云玛瑙螺(Achatina fulica)、钻头螺科、坚齿螺科和拟阿勇蛞蝓科等主要陆生软体动物的残体分布情况, 测定了残体的分布密度和壳高、壳宽、壳重等可量化性状指标, 研究了孪花蟛蜞菊扩张对陆生软体动物种群的影响。结果表明: (1)随孪花蟛蜞菊扩张程度增加, 钻头螺科和褐云玛瑙螺的种群密度增加, 坚齿螺科种群密度减小, 拟阿勇蛞蝓科种群密度出现先增加后减少的趋势; (2)陆生软体动物类群的体型分布频率随孪花蟛蜞菊扩张呈现不同的变化趋势, 褐云玛瑙螺较小个体数量增加, 其他陆生软体动物体型分布变化不明显或较大体型残体分布增加; (3)孪花蟛蜞菊扩张对褐云玛瑙螺体型特征产生抑制作用, 褐云玛瑙螺主要采用r策略来响应有害植物扩张的影响。综上, 有害植物孪花蟛蜞菊在热带珊瑚岛屿植被中的扩张改变了陆生软体动物的形态、密度与种群结构, 不同的软体生物类群表现出不同响应策略, 在海岛有害生物的综合防治过程中应该引起足够重视。
颜碧玥, 佟富春, 况露辉, 牟之建, 吴文佳, 蔡洪月, 王俊, 简曙光, 任海, 刘占锋 (2020) 有害植物孪花蟛蜞菊扩张对西沙岛屿陆生软体动物的影响. 生物多样性, 28, 1182-1191. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2020035.
Biyue Yan, Fuchun Tong, Luhui Kuang, Zhijian Mou, Wenjia Wu, Hongyue Cai, Jun Wang, Shuguang Jian, Hai Ren, Zhanfeng Liu (2020) The influence of harmful plant Wedelia biflora expansion on terrestrial mollusks in Xisha Islands. Biodiversity Science, 28, 1182-1191. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2020035.
图1 西沙群岛永兴岛植物群落中的孪花蟛蜞菊(a)和陆生软体动物(b)
Fig. 1 The occurrence of Wedelia biflora (a) and terrestrial mollusks (b) in the plant community in Yongxing Island, Xisha Islands
图2 陆生软体动物在孪花蟛蜞菊不同扩张程度样地的残体数量(a)和分布频率(b)。NV: 原生植被样地; ME: 轻度扩张样地; SE: 重度扩张样地。
Fig. 2 The shell number (a) and distribution frequency (b) of terrestrial mollusks in the sampling plots with different abundance of Wedelia biflora. NV, Native vegetation sample plot; ME, Mild expansion sample plot; SE, Severe expansion sample plot.
图3 孪花蟛蜞菊扩张对陆生软体动物密度与形态指标的影响(平均值 ± 标准误), 不同小写字母代表不同扩张程度样地之间差异显著。a-d: 褐云玛瑙螺; e-h: 钻头螺科; i-l: 坚齿螺科; m-p: 拟阿勇蛞蝓科。NV: 原生植被样地; ME: 轻度扩张样地; SE: 重度扩张样地。
Fig. 3 Effect of Wedelia biflora abundance on the density and morphological properties of terrestrial mollusks (Mean ± SE). Columns with different letters indicate significant differences among plots of different Wedelia biflora abundance (P < 0.05). a-d, Achatina fulica; e-h, Subulinidae; i-l, Camaenidae; m-p, Ariphantidae. NV, Native vegetation sample plot; ME, Mild expansion sample plot; SE, Severe expansion sample plot.
解释变量 Explaining variable | 密度 Density | 壳高 Shell height | 壳宽 Shell width | 壳重 Shell mass |
---|---|---|---|---|
扩张 Expansion | 2.1 (0.136) | 1.6 (0.206) | 1.9 (0.151) | 2.4 (0.095) |
类群 Taxa | 12.1 (< 0.001) | 109.6 (< 0.001) | 94.9 (< 0.001) | 77.9 (< 0.001) |
扩张 × 类群 Expansion × Taxa | 2.2 (0.061) | 5.3 (< 0.001) | 3.9 (0.001) | 5.5 (< 0.001) |
表1 孪花蟛蜞菊扩张程度、软体动物类群及两者交互作用对陆生软体动物残体密度、壳高、壳宽和壳重的影响
Table 1 Effects of Wedelia biflora abundance, mollusk taxa and their interaction on the density, shell height, shell width, and shell weight of mollusk
解释变量 Explaining variable | 密度 Density | 壳高 Shell height | 壳宽 Shell width | 壳重 Shell mass |
---|---|---|---|---|
扩张 Expansion | 2.1 (0.136) | 1.6 (0.206) | 1.9 (0.151) | 2.4 (0.095) |
类群 Taxa | 12.1 (< 0.001) | 109.6 (< 0.001) | 94.9 (< 0.001) | 77.9 (< 0.001) |
扩张 × 类群 Expansion × Taxa | 2.2 (0.061) | 5.3 (< 0.001) | 3.9 (0.001) | 5.5 (< 0.001) |
图4 孪花蟛蜞菊扩张对陆生软体动物体型分布频率的影响。NV: 原生植被样地; ME: 轻度扩张样地; SE: 重度扩张样地。
Fig. 4 Effect of Wedelia biflora abundance on body morphological properties of the terrestrial mollusks. NV, Native vegetation sample plot; ME, Mild expansion sample plot; SE, Severe expansion sample plot.
图5 不同生长阶段褐云玛瑙螺在孪花蟛蜞菊不同扩张程度样地的分布频率。NV: 原生植被样地; ME: 轻度扩张样地; SE: 重度扩张样地。
Fig. 5 The distribution frequency of the growth stage of Achatina fulica in the plots of a different abundance of Wedelia biflora. NV, Native vegetation sample plot; ME, Mild expansion sample plot; SE, Severe expansion sample plot.
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