生物多样性 ›› 2020, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (8): 1036-1044. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2019269
• 研究报告 • 上一篇
毕兴1,2, 杨朝辉1,3, 王丞1,3, 粟海军1,3, 张明明1,3,*()
收稿日期:
2019-08-29
接受日期:
2020-04-07
出版日期:
2020-08-20
发布日期:
2020-09-30
通讯作者:
张明明
作者简介:
. E-mail: mmzhang@gzu.edu.cn基金资助:
Xing Bi1,2, Zhaohui Yang1,3, Cheng Wang1,3, Haijun Su1,3, Mingming Zhang1,3,*()
Received:
2019-08-29
Accepted:
2020-04-07
Online:
2020-08-20
Published:
2020-09-30
Contact:
Mingming Zhang
摘要:
本文以具有典型喀斯特环境特点的贵州兴义坡岗自然保护区为例开展实地调查和文献研究。通过层次分析法和人与自然耦合系统模型构建, 从文化景观视角探讨了喀斯特地区自然与文化系统的历史演化过程中, 国家生态政策制度与乡规民约等乡土保护体系对生物文化多样性的驱动作用。研究结果表明: 坡岗保护区经历了管护主体和保护利用态度的转变, 保存了典型的喀斯特自然生态系统, 当地世居的少数民族群体在长期生存与适应过程中创造了极具特色的传统民族文化。坡岗自然保护区丰富的生物多样性与文化多样性形成一个地理重合、协同进化且相互作用的维持系统。生物文化多样性耦合体系主要存在国家政策制度类与乡规民约等乡土文化类两种驱动因素。应加强西南喀斯特地区的生物文化多样性的保护, 推动该地区生物多样性与文化多样性的协同发展; 除了政策与制度类驱动因子的直接作用, 还需要注重村规民约以及生态传统知识等乡土文化的驱动作用, 以避免保护区自然与文化保护体系的割离。
毕兴, 杨朝辉, 王丞, 粟海军, 张明明 (2020) 西南喀斯特地区生物文化多样性的演化与耦合: 以贵州兴义坡岗自然保护区为例. 生物多样性, 28, 1036-1044. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2019269.
Xing Bi, Zhaohui Yang, Cheng Wang, Haijun Su, Mingming Zhang (2020) Coupling and co-evolution of biological and cultural diversity in the karst area of southwest China: A case study of Pogang Nature Reserve in Guizhou. Biodiversity Science, 28, 1036-1044. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2019269.
图1 坡岗保护区主要传统文化景观及其文化多样性热点分布图
Fig. 1 Distribution map of main traditional cultural landscape and cultural diversity hotspots in the Pogang Nature Reserve. (1) Jianxiequan scenic spot; (2) Zhaojiadu’s observation deck; (3) Leping sinkhole; (4) Baizhanmao canyon; (5) Qingshuihe canyon; (6) Ancient Buyi Village of Rongwo; (7) Ancient Miao Village; (8) Wanfeng Lake; (9) Dafengling karst peak clusters; (10) Buyi Eco-museum of Pogang; (11) Crop rotation area in Daqing Village; (12) Forest vegetable patch in Zhaojiadu; (13) The traditional plantation of banana in Changchong; (14) Rice-fish agricultural system in Louna Village; (15) The underwood medicinal planting in Daqing; (16) Pogang ancient building group; (17) Traditional planting of agricultural germplasm resources in Rongwo; (18) Traditional rotational grazing land in Yangping; (19) Ancient human sites in Qujiawan; (20) Sacrifice sites in Nantianmen; (21) Suppressing bandits site in Yanfeng Village; (22) Chinese medicinal trade market in Pogang; (23) “Baoben” altar in Jianxiequan; (24) The Fengs Manor; (25) Zhaojiadu ferry; (26) Pogang Martyrs’ Cemetery; (27) Karst terraces in Changchong.
图2 基于Origin软件对坡岗自然保护区文化景观生物多样性保护价值指标(S1)与文化多样性保护价值指标(S2)的线性关系拟合结果。 (A)资源传统利用类; (B)美学景观类; (C)文化遗产类; (D)所有文化景观类。
Fig. 2 Based on the Origin, the linear regression correlation the biodiversity index (S1) and cultural diversity index (S2) of the Pogang Nature Reserve. (A) Traditional utilization of resources; (B) Aesthetic landscape; (C) Cultural heritage; (D) All types.
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