生物多样性 ›› 2018, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (7): 690-700.  DOI: 10.17520/biods.2018092

所属专题: 生物多样性与生态系统功能

• 研究报告: 植物多样性 • 上一篇    下一篇

广西马尾松林植物功能多样性与生产力的关系

黄小荣*()   

  1. 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院, 南宁 530002
  • 收稿日期:2018-03-27 接受日期:2018-06-03 出版日期:2018-07-20 发布日期:2018-09-11
  • 通讯作者: 黄小荣
  • 作者简介:# 共同第一作者
  • 基金资助:
    国家林业局生物安全与遗传资源管理(KJZXSA2018012)、广西科技厅项目(桂科攻14124004-3-11)和国家林业公益性行业科研专项(201204512)

Relationship between plant functional diversity and productivity of Pinus massoniana plantations in Guangxi

Xiaorong Huang*()   

  1. Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Forestry Research Institute, Nanning 530002
  • Received:2018-03-27 Accepted:2018-06-03 Online:2018-07-20 Published:2018-09-11
  • Contact: Huang Xiaorong
  • About author:# Co-first authors

摘要:

探索植物多样性与生产力的关系可为森林经营与管理提供科学基础。本研究以广西4个地区的马尾松(Pinus massoniana)人工林群落为研究对象, 通过计算物种多样性、功能多样性和功能优势值, 运用相关分析、自动线性建模和方差划分等方法, 分析了多样性与生产力的关系。研究发现, 生产力与物种丰富度、Shannon指数、功能丰富度、功能均匀度极显著正相关(P < 0.01), 与物种均匀度、功能多样性、功能离散度、功能团个数、坡向显著正相关(P < 0.05), 与林龄极显著负相关(P < 0.01), 4个功能多样性参数和4个物种多样性参数两两之间皆为显著正相关; 未发现初始生物量制约生产力的提高; 方差划分最优模型中, 功能多样性参数效应、功能优势值效应和林龄效应分别解释生产力方差的56%、43%和33%, 功能多样性参数效应和功能优势值效应重叠部分高达27%; 生态位互补效应主要由功能丰富度和功能均匀度产生, 选择效应主要由生长型优势值产生; 生长型优势值为灌木的样地生产力较高, 次优种或过渡种对生态系统功能也有重要作用。以生产力为响应变量的自动线性建模最佳子集包括重要性由大到小的5个因素: 林龄、生长型优势值、功能丰富度、功能均匀度、功能团个数。建议维护森林功能多样性, 加强林下叶层植物保护, 用好功能重要的物种, 通过林下叶层的补偿性光合作用和生长竞争, 有效地提高生产力和生物多样性。

关键词: 功能多样性, 功能优势值, 生产力, 林龄, 功能团个数

Abstract

Understanding the relationship between plant diversity and productivity can provide essential information for forest management. We surveyed plant communities in Pinus massoniana dominated plantations from four regions of Guangxi. Using correlation analysis, automatic linear modeling and variance partitioning, we assessed the effect of species diversity, functional diversity, and functional dominance on productivity. We found that productivity was extremely positively correlated with species richness, Shannon index, functional richness and functional evenness (P < 0.01). Species evenness, RaoQ, functional dispersion, functional group richness and aspect were also positively correlated with productivity (P < 0.05), while forest age was negatively correlated with productivity (P < 0.01). Four functional diversity parameters positively correlated with four species-diversity indices. No evidence of negative density-dependence was found. In the best variance partitioning model, functional diversity parameters, functional dominance and forest age explained 56%, 43% and 33% of variance in productivity respectively; and the overlap between functional diversity parameters and functional dominance was up to 27%. Functional richness and functional evenness were major contributors of complementary effects while community weighted mean (CWM) of growth form contributed to selection effects. Plots identified as dominantly shrub had higher productivity than plots identified as dominantly herbs or trees, suggesting that subordinates and transients may have important effects on ecosystem functions. The best-fit subset model built by automatic linear modeling included forest age, growth form CWM, functional richness, functional evenness and functional group richness (FGR) indescending order. We recommend that to maintain diversity and forest function, protection of understory plant species should be strengthened. Further, to enhance productivity and biodiversity we recommend planting functionally important species through compensatory photosynthesis and growth competition in understorey layers.

Key words: functional diversity, functional dominance, productivity, forest age, functional group richness