生物多样性 ›› 2019, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (7): 743-748.  DOI: 10.17520/biods.2019108

• 生物多样性相关传统知识专题 • 上一篇    下一篇

西双版纳黄瓜农家品种及其传统知识

杨云卉1,白可喻2,3,Devra Jarvis4,龙春林1,5,*()   

  1. 1 中央民族大学生命与环境科学学院, 北京 100081
    2 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所, 北京 100081
    3 国际生物多样性中心东亚办事处, 北京 100081
    4 Bioversity International, 00057 Maccarese, Rome, Italy
    5 民族医药教育部重点实验室(中央民族大学), 北京 100081
  • 收稿日期:2019-03-28 接受日期:2019-05-14 出版日期:2019-07-20 发布日期:2019-08-20
  • 通讯作者: 龙春林
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(31761143001);国家自然科学基金(31161140345);生态环境部部门预算项目(2019HJ2096001006)

Xishuangbanna cucumber landraces and associated traditional knowledge

Yang Yunhui1,Bai Keyu2,3,Jarvis Devra4,Long Chunlin1,5,*()   

  1. 1 College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
    2 Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
    3 Bioversity International, Office for East Asia, Beijing 100081, China
    4 Bioversity International, 00057 Maccarese, Rome, Italy
    5 Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine (Minzu University of China), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100081, China
  • Received:2019-03-28 Accepted:2019-05-14 Online:2019-07-20 Published:2019-08-20
  • Contact: Long Chunlin

摘要:

西双版纳黄瓜(Cucumis sativus var. xishuangbannanesis)是黄瓜的一个变种。云南省西双版纳及周边地区的少数民族长期以来栽培、管理和利用这种黄瓜, 使它成为当地重要的作物农家品种, 对其开展民族植物学研究, 了解其传统知识十分必要。我们于2017-2018年在西双版纳傣族自治州调查了西双版纳黄瓜农家品种及其相关的传统知识。结果表明, 与现代品种相比, 西双版纳黄瓜农家品种具有香味浓郁、耐贮藏等特异性; 西双版纳的傣族、基诺族、彝族、瑶族等少数民族拥有丰富的关于西双版纳黄瓜农家品种的传统知识。西双版纳黄瓜种质资源在大部分村寨已经消失或濒临消失, 与之相关的传统知识也随之消亡, 目前仅在海拔较高、交通欠发达的边远山区还栽培和保留了少量的农家品种。建议开展西双版纳黄瓜农家品种的原生境保护, 既保护其种质资源, 也保护相关的传统知识。

关键词: 西双版纳黄瓜, 农家品种, 传统知识, 生物多样性, 原生境保护

Abstract

The Xishuangbanna cucumber variety (XC), Cucumis sativus var. xishuangbannanesis, has been cultivated, managed and used for many generations by ethnic people in Xishuangbanna Prefecture, South Yunnan, China. It has become a significant crop landrace in local communities. An ethnobotanical investigation was conducted in Xishuangbanna in 2017-2018 to collect the agronomic traits of XC and the associated traditional knowledge. The results show that the XC fruit is characterized by its shelf life and delicious flavor. The Dai, Jinuo, Yi, Yao and other ethnic communities were believed to historically possess rich traditional knowledge about XC. Most villagers today, however, did not grow XC and thus their XC genetic resources have been lost together with the traditional knowledge. Only a few households in the remote and high-altitude mountainous villages continue to cultivate very limited amounts of XC for family consumption. The genetic resources of XC and the associated traditional cultures have suffered rapid decline. We suggest that on-farm conservation should be adopted to protect both the genetic resources of XC and the associated traditional knowledge.

Key words: Cucumis sativus var. xishuangbannanesis, landrace, traditional knowledge, biodiversity, in situ conservation