Biodiv Sci ›› 2014, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (2): 141-156. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2014.13195
• Orginal Article • Previous Articles Next Articles
Bin Wang, Yusong Huang, Xiankun Li*(), Wusheng Xiang, Tao Ding, Fuzhao Huang, Shuhua Lu, Wenheng Han, Shujun Wen, Lanjun He
Received:
2013-08-30
Accepted:
2013-10-25
Online:
2014-03-20
Published:
2014-04-03
Contact:
Li Xiankun
Bin Wang,Yusong Huang,Xiankun Li,Wusheng Xiang,Tao Ding,Fuzhao Huang,Shuhua Lu,Wenheng Han,Shujun Wen,Lanjun He. Species composition and spatial distribution of a 15 ha northern tropical karst seasonal rain forest dynamics study plot in Nonggang, Guangxi, southern China[J]. Biodiv Sci, 2014, 22(2): 141-156.
Fig. 2 The location and contour map of the 15-ha Nonggang forest plot, China. According to the vegetation and soil distribution, the Nonggang forest plot was basically divided into three habitat types: (1) Mountain peak type at the altitude > 320 m; (2) Mountain slope type at the altitude between 240 and 320 m; (3) Valley bottom type at the altitude < 240 m.
分布区类型 Areal types | 科数 No. of families | 科的比例 % | 属数 No. of genera | 属的比例 % |
---|---|---|---|---|
1. 世界广布 Cosmopolitan | 12 | – | 2 | – |
2. 泛热带 Pantropic | 31 | 70.45 | 36 | 23.23 |
3. 热带亚洲及热带美洲间断 Tropical Asia and South Tropical America disjuncted | 5 | 11.36 | 6 | 3.87 |
4. 旧世界热带 Old World Tropic | 2 | 4.54 | 23 | 14.84 |
5. 热带亚洲至热带大洋洲 Tropical Asia to Tropical Australasia Oceania | 0 | 0 | 18 | 11.61 |
6. 热带亚洲至热带非洲 Tropical Asia to Tropical Africa | 0 | 0 | 9 | 5.81 |
7. 热带亚洲 Tropical Asia | 1 | 2.27 | 45 | 29.03 |
8. 北温带 North Temperate | 4 | 9.09 | 5 | 3.23 |
9. 东亚和北美洲间断 East Asia and North America disjuncted | 1 | 2.27 | 7 | 4.52 |
11. 温带亚洲 Temperate Asia | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0.65 |
12. 地中海区、西亚至中亚 Mediterranean, West Asia to Central Asia | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0.65 |
14. 东亚 East Asia | 0 | 0 | 4 | 2.58 |
合计 Total | 56 | 100 | 157 | 100 |
Table 1 The areal-types of woody plants in the Nonggang forest plot, Guangxi
分布区类型 Areal types | 科数 No. of families | 科的比例 % | 属数 No. of genera | 属的比例 % |
---|---|---|---|---|
1. 世界广布 Cosmopolitan | 12 | – | 2 | – |
2. 泛热带 Pantropic | 31 | 70.45 | 36 | 23.23 |
3. 热带亚洲及热带美洲间断 Tropical Asia and South Tropical America disjuncted | 5 | 11.36 | 6 | 3.87 |
4. 旧世界热带 Old World Tropic | 2 | 4.54 | 23 | 14.84 |
5. 热带亚洲至热带大洋洲 Tropical Asia to Tropical Australasia Oceania | 0 | 0 | 18 | 11.61 |
6. 热带亚洲至热带非洲 Tropical Asia to Tropical Africa | 0 | 0 | 9 | 5.81 |
7. 热带亚洲 Tropical Asia | 1 | 2.27 | 45 | 29.03 |
8. 北温带 North Temperate | 4 | 9.09 | 5 | 3.23 |
9. 东亚和北美洲间断 East Asia and North America disjuncted | 1 | 2.27 | 7 | 4.52 |
11. 温带亚洲 Temperate Asia | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0.65 |
12. 地中海区、西亚至中亚 Mediterranean, West Asia to Central Asia | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0.65 |
14. 东亚 East Asia | 0 | 0 | 4 | 2.58 |
合计 Total | 56 | 100 | 157 | 100 |
科名 Family | 分布区类型 Areal types | 属数 No. of genera | 树种数 No. of species | 个体数 No. of stems | 断面积之和 Basal area (m2) | 重要值IV |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
大戟科 Euphorbiaceae | 泛热带 Pantropic | 21 | 36 | 23,181 | 61.6 | 19.78 |
马鞭草科 Verbenaceae | 热带亚洲及热带南美间断 Tropical Asia and North America disjuncted | 4 | 9 | 6,985 | 48.1 | 8.67 |
梧桐科 Sterculiaceae | 泛热带 Pantropic | 4 | 5 | 11,514 | 37.81 | 8.62 |
桑科 Moraceae | 世界广布 Cosmopolitan | 6 | 18 | 5,667 | 16.42 | 6.36 |
椴树科 Tiliaceae | 泛热带 Pantropic | 3 | 3 | 4,007 | 27.39 | 4.63 |
茜草科 Rubiaceae | 世界广布 Cosmopolitan | 9 | 11 | 2,578 | 7.81 | 3.35 |
楝科 Meliaceae | 世界广布 Cosmopolitan | 8 | 9 | 3,397 | 6.82 | 3.24 |
番荔枝科 Annonaceae | 泛热带 Pantropic | 6 | 7 | 3,531 | 2.54 | 2.55 |
无患子科 Sapindaceae | 泛热带 Pantropic | 6 | 6 | 1,791 | 9.86 | 2.53 |
蝶形花科 Fabaceae | 世界广布 Cosmopolitan | 4 | 4 | 323 | 17.22 | 2.46 |
柿树科 Ebenaceae | 泛热带 Pantropic | 1 | 4 | 3,394 | 5.61 | 2.36 |
紫葳科 Bignoniaceae | 泛热带 Pantropic | 4 | 6 | 764 | 8.47 | 2.03 |
Table 2 Top 12 families with the highest importance values in the Nonggang forest plot, Guangxi
科名 Family | 分布区类型 Areal types | 属数 No. of genera | 树种数 No. of species | 个体数 No. of stems | 断面积之和 Basal area (m2) | 重要值IV |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
大戟科 Euphorbiaceae | 泛热带 Pantropic | 21 | 36 | 23,181 | 61.6 | 19.78 |
马鞭草科 Verbenaceae | 热带亚洲及热带南美间断 Tropical Asia and North America disjuncted | 4 | 9 | 6,985 | 48.1 | 8.67 |
梧桐科 Sterculiaceae | 泛热带 Pantropic | 4 | 5 | 11,514 | 37.81 | 8.62 |
桑科 Moraceae | 世界广布 Cosmopolitan | 6 | 18 | 5,667 | 16.42 | 6.36 |
椴树科 Tiliaceae | 泛热带 Pantropic | 3 | 3 | 4,007 | 27.39 | 4.63 |
茜草科 Rubiaceae | 世界广布 Cosmopolitan | 9 | 11 | 2,578 | 7.81 | 3.35 |
楝科 Meliaceae | 世界广布 Cosmopolitan | 8 | 9 | 3,397 | 6.82 | 3.24 |
番荔枝科 Annonaceae | 泛热带 Pantropic | 6 | 7 | 3,531 | 2.54 | 2.55 |
无患子科 Sapindaceae | 泛热带 Pantropic | 6 | 6 | 1,791 | 9.86 | 2.53 |
蝶形花科 Fabaceae | 世界广布 Cosmopolitan | 4 | 4 | 323 | 17.22 | 2.46 |
柿树科 Ebenaceae | 泛热带 Pantropic | 1 | 4 | 3,394 | 5.61 | 2.36 |
紫葳科 Bignoniaceae | 泛热带 Pantropic | 4 | 6 | 764 | 8.47 | 2.03 |
树种名 Species | 科名 Families | 个体数 No. of stems | 分枝数 No. of ramifications | 平均断面积Mean basal area (cm2) | 相对频度Relative frequency | 重要值IV | 偏好生境Preferred habitats |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
闭花木 Cleistanthus sumatranus | Euphorbiaceae | 9,977 | 2,005 | 30.13 | 1.50 | 9.05 | 中上坡 H-2 |
苹婆 Sterculia monosperma | Sterculiaceae | 6,328 | 2,738 | 37.76 | 2.79 | 7.47 | 中下坡 H-4 |
广西牡荆 Vitex kwangsiensis | Verbenaceae | 2,470 | 2,933 | 87.75 | 2.63 | 6.86 | 中下坡 H-4 |
蚬木 Excentrodendron tonkinense | Tiliaceae | 1,502 | 369 | 76.87 | 1.82 | 2.79 | 中上坡 H-2 |
海南椴 Diplodiscus trichosperma | Tiliaceae | 1,126 | 856 | 65.30 | 1.76 | 2.44 | 中上坡 H-2 |
劲直刺桐 Erythrina stricta | Fabaceae | 316 | 2 | 541.58 | 1.29 | 2.32 | 谷底 H-5 |
海南大风子 Hydnocarpus hainanensis | Flacourtiaceae | 2,260 | 333 | 14.21 | 2.41 | 2.28 | 中下坡 H-4 |
日本五月茶 Antidesma japonicum | Euphorbiaceae | 2,535 | 373 | 10.48 | 1.91 | 2.18 | 谷底 H-5 |
对叶榕 Ficus hispida | Moraceae | 2,989 | 188 | 14.11 | 0.68 | 2.14 | 谷底 H-5 |
金丝李 Garcinia paucinervis | Guttiferae | 1,684 | 258 | 21.96 | 2.60 | 2.12 | 中上坡 H-2 |
茎花山柚 Champereia manillana | Opiliaceae | 1,340 | 138 | 22.76 | 2.39 | 1.79 | 中坡 H-3 |
假玉桂 Celtis timorensis | Ulmaceae | 1,122 | 27 | 42.65 | 2.11 | 1.74 | 中下坡 H-4 |
细叶谷木 Memecylon scutellatum | Melastomataceae | 1,221 | 974 | 21.60 | 2.00 | 1.74 | 山顶 H-1 |
截裂翅子树 Pterospermum truncatolobatum | Sterculiaceae | 1,604 | 721 | 13.98 | 1.75 | 1.69 | 中坡 H-3 |
山榄叶柿 Diospyros siderophylla | Ebenaceae | 1,592 | 531 | 17.83 | 1.30 | 1.59 | 山顶 H-1 |
三角车 Rinorea bengalensis | Violaceae | 2,178 | 476 | 9.38 | 0.77 | 1.57 | 中坡 H-3 |
黄梨木 Boniodendron minus | Sapindaceae | 694 | 406 | 75.20 | 1.15 | 1.55 | 山顶 H-1 |
割舌树 Walsura robusta | Meliaceae | 1,315 | 246 | 18.69 | 1.67 | 1.49 | 中坡 H-3 |
肥牛树 Cephalomappa sinensis | Euphorbiaceae | 917 | 919 | 33.66 | 0.78 | 1.33 | 中上坡 H-2 |
网脉核果木 Drypetes perreticulata | Euphorbiaceae | 631 | 99 | 60.84 | 1.47 | 1.24 | 中坡 H-3 |
其他 Other | – | 24,209 | 12,869 | – | 65.22 | 44.62 | – |
总计 Total | – | 68,010 | 27,461 | – | 100 | 100 | – |
Table 3 Composition and preferred habitats of top 20 species with the highest important values in the Nonggang forest plot, Guangxi
树种名 Species | 科名 Families | 个体数 No. of stems | 分枝数 No. of ramifications | 平均断面积Mean basal area (cm2) | 相对频度Relative frequency | 重要值IV | 偏好生境Preferred habitats |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
闭花木 Cleistanthus sumatranus | Euphorbiaceae | 9,977 | 2,005 | 30.13 | 1.50 | 9.05 | 中上坡 H-2 |
苹婆 Sterculia monosperma | Sterculiaceae | 6,328 | 2,738 | 37.76 | 2.79 | 7.47 | 中下坡 H-4 |
广西牡荆 Vitex kwangsiensis | Verbenaceae | 2,470 | 2,933 | 87.75 | 2.63 | 6.86 | 中下坡 H-4 |
蚬木 Excentrodendron tonkinense | Tiliaceae | 1,502 | 369 | 76.87 | 1.82 | 2.79 | 中上坡 H-2 |
海南椴 Diplodiscus trichosperma | Tiliaceae | 1,126 | 856 | 65.30 | 1.76 | 2.44 | 中上坡 H-2 |
劲直刺桐 Erythrina stricta | Fabaceae | 316 | 2 | 541.58 | 1.29 | 2.32 | 谷底 H-5 |
海南大风子 Hydnocarpus hainanensis | Flacourtiaceae | 2,260 | 333 | 14.21 | 2.41 | 2.28 | 中下坡 H-4 |
日本五月茶 Antidesma japonicum | Euphorbiaceae | 2,535 | 373 | 10.48 | 1.91 | 2.18 | 谷底 H-5 |
对叶榕 Ficus hispida | Moraceae | 2,989 | 188 | 14.11 | 0.68 | 2.14 | 谷底 H-5 |
金丝李 Garcinia paucinervis | Guttiferae | 1,684 | 258 | 21.96 | 2.60 | 2.12 | 中上坡 H-2 |
茎花山柚 Champereia manillana | Opiliaceae | 1,340 | 138 | 22.76 | 2.39 | 1.79 | 中坡 H-3 |
假玉桂 Celtis timorensis | Ulmaceae | 1,122 | 27 | 42.65 | 2.11 | 1.74 | 中下坡 H-4 |
细叶谷木 Memecylon scutellatum | Melastomataceae | 1,221 | 974 | 21.60 | 2.00 | 1.74 | 山顶 H-1 |
截裂翅子树 Pterospermum truncatolobatum | Sterculiaceae | 1,604 | 721 | 13.98 | 1.75 | 1.69 | 中坡 H-3 |
山榄叶柿 Diospyros siderophylla | Ebenaceae | 1,592 | 531 | 17.83 | 1.30 | 1.59 | 山顶 H-1 |
三角车 Rinorea bengalensis | Violaceae | 2,178 | 476 | 9.38 | 0.77 | 1.57 | 中坡 H-3 |
黄梨木 Boniodendron minus | Sapindaceae | 694 | 406 | 75.20 | 1.15 | 1.55 | 山顶 H-1 |
割舌树 Walsura robusta | Meliaceae | 1,315 | 246 | 18.69 | 1.67 | 1.49 | 中坡 H-3 |
肥牛树 Cephalomappa sinensis | Euphorbiaceae | 917 | 919 | 33.66 | 0.78 | 1.33 | 中上坡 H-2 |
网脉核果木 Drypetes perreticulata | Euphorbiaceae | 631 | 99 | 60.84 | 1.47 | 1.24 | 中坡 H-3 |
其他 Other | – | 24,209 | 12,869 | – | 65.22 | 44.62 | – |
总计 Total | – | 68,010 | 27,461 | – | 100 | 100 | – |
样地名称 Forest plot | 地理坐标 Coordinates | 面积 Size (ha) | 科 Family | 属 Genus | 种 Species | 个体数 Stem (株/ha) | 胸高断面积 BA (m2/ha) | 稀有种 Rare (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 长白山–阔叶红松林 | 42.38° N, 128.08° E | 25 | 18 | 32 | 52 | 1,556 | 43.23 | 34.60 |
2 天童山–中亚热带常绿阔叶林 | 29.81° N, 121.77° E | 20 | 50 | 91 | 153 | 4,730 | 38.98 | 36.20 |
3 古田山–中亚热带常绿阔叶林 | 29.25° N, 118.12° E | 24 | 49 | 104 | 159 | 5,863 | 36.90 | 37.10 |
4 鼎湖山–南亚热带常绿阔叶林 | 23.10° N, 112.32° E | 20 | 56 | 119 | 210 | 3,581 | 30.17 | 52.38 |
5 弄岗–北热带喀斯特季节性雨林 | 22.43° N, 106.95° E | 15 | 56 | 157 | 223 | 4,534 | 22.08 | 33.63 |
6 垦丁–热带高位珊瑚礁季雨林 | 21.95° N, 120.82° E | 10 | 34 | 74 | 95 | 3,909 | 45.15 | 28.42 |
7 西双版纳–热带雨林 | 21.61° N, 101.57° E | 20 | 70 | 213 | 468 | 4,792 | 42.34 | 49.14 |
Table 4 Location, size and species composition of stem-mapping forest plots with different vegetation types
样地名称 Forest plot | 地理坐标 Coordinates | 面积 Size (ha) | 科 Family | 属 Genus | 种 Species | 个体数 Stem (株/ha) | 胸高断面积 BA (m2/ha) | 稀有种 Rare (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 长白山–阔叶红松林 | 42.38° N, 128.08° E | 25 | 18 | 32 | 52 | 1,556 | 43.23 | 34.60 |
2 天童山–中亚热带常绿阔叶林 | 29.81° N, 121.77° E | 20 | 50 | 91 | 153 | 4,730 | 38.98 | 36.20 |
3 古田山–中亚热带常绿阔叶林 | 29.25° N, 118.12° E | 24 | 49 | 104 | 159 | 5,863 | 36.90 | 37.10 |
4 鼎湖山–南亚热带常绿阔叶林 | 23.10° N, 112.32° E | 20 | 56 | 119 | 210 | 3,581 | 30.17 | 52.38 |
5 弄岗–北热带喀斯特季节性雨林 | 22.43° N, 106.95° E | 15 | 56 | 157 | 223 | 4,534 | 22.08 | 33.63 |
6 垦丁–热带高位珊瑚礁季雨林 | 21.95° N, 120.82° E | 10 | 34 | 74 | 95 | 3,909 | 45.15 | 28.42 |
7 西双版纳–热带雨林 | 21.61° N, 101.57° E | 20 | 70 | 213 | 468 | 4,792 | 42.34 | 49.14 |
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