Recovery dynamics of secondary forests with different disturbance intensity in the Gutianshan National Nature Reserve

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1003.2014.13202

Abstract

Abstract:

Understanding the underlying processes of secondary forest recovery after disturbances such as logging is essential for biodiversity conservation and ecosystem rehabilitation. We surveyed 12 forest plots (1 ha in size) with different extents of anthropogenic disturbances in the Gutianshan National Nature Reserve and explored the community dynamics of secondary forest recovery by applying multivariate statistical ana- lysis. We found significant differences in community composition among various recovery phases, whereas high similarities of community composition were observed within the same recovery phase. No significant difference in species richness was observed among recovery stages, but species richness tended to increase during the recovery process. Species evenness in Chinese fir forests was relatively low whereas no significant difference occurred in other forests. The main differences in community composition and species diversity were found in the canopy layer. Respective indicator species were found in shrubs and regeneration layers during different recovery phases. The most representative indicator species were deciduous shrubs or heliophilous trees for plantation forests of Chinese fir, evergreen shrubs or small trees for young secondary forests, sub-canopy evergreen trees for old secondary forests, and canopy species for old-growth forests, respectively. Overall, species diversity recovered rigorously. Also the life-form composition of saplings in the same recovery phase presented consistent trends in spite of complex and unpredictable changes in species composition during the recovery process.

Key words: secondary forest recovery, evergreen broad-leaved forests, community composition, species diversity, anthropogenic disturbances, Gutianshan National Nature Reserve

Yuanjie Xu, Dunmei Lin, Xiangcheng Mi, Haibao Ren, Keping Ma. Recovery dynamics of secondary forests with different disturbance intensity in the Gutianshan National Nature Reserve[J]. Biodiv Sci, 2014, 22(3): 358-365.

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URL: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/10.3724/SP.J.1003.2014.13202

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/Y2014/V22/I3/358

Figures/Tables 7

References 32

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物种名 Species name	人工林 Chinese fir forests (CFF)	幼龄次生林 Young secondary forests (YSF)	老次生林 Old secondary forests (OSF)	老龄林 Old-growth forests (OGF)
杉木 Cunninghamia lanceolata	71.27 (25.85)
檵木 Loropetalum chinensis	3.06 (4.69)	2.70 (2.89)	6.17 (4.74)
隔药柃 Eurya muricata	3.02 (4.68)		2.78 (3.04)	2.80 (3.77)
马尾松 Pinus massoniana	1.71 (3.79)	7.37 (4.92)	14.33 (7.55)
石栎 Lithocarpus glaber	1.90 (3.54)	5.32 (3.89)	7.98 (5.36)
山合欢 Albizia kalkora	0.81 (2.82)
黄瑞木 Adinandra millettii	0.77 (2.34)
柳叶蜡梅 Chimonanthus salicifolius	3.05 (2.08)
黄檀 Dalbergia hupeana	0.64 (1.98)
拟赤杨 Alniphyllum fortunei	0.59 (1.95)
甜槠 Castanopsis eyrei		23.76 (9.03)	5.89 (4.31)	15.69 (8.73)
米槠 C. carlesii		9.04 (5.27)	8.32 (3.43)
木荷 Schima superba		4.56 (3.51)	11.30 (6.61)	10.95 (6.25)
马银花 Rhododendron ovatum		3.11 (3.26)		5.44 (4.86)
麂角杜鹃 R. latoucheae		2.95 (3.18)		5.36 (5.26)
短尾越橘 Vaccinium carlesii		3.30 (3.04)
青冈 Cyclobalanopsis glauca		2.52 (2.80)	5.39 (4.02)	5.12 (2.53)
栲 Castanopsis fargesii			2.18 (2.94
杨梅 Myrica rubra			2.04 (2.82)
浙江红山茶 Camellia chekiangoleosa				2.43 (2.94)
浙江新木姜子 Neolitsea aurata var. chekiangensis				1.47 (2.81)
红楠 Machilus thunbergii				2.74 (2.46)
窄基红褐柃 Eurya rubiginosa var. attenuata				2.38 (2.49)

物种名 Species name	人工林 Chinese fir forests (CFF)	幼龄次生林 Young secondary forests (YSF)	老次生林 Old secondary forests (OSF)	老龄林 Old-growth forests (OGF)
杉木 Cunninghamia lanceolata	71.27 (25.85)
檵木 Loropetalum chinensis	3.06 (4.69)	2.70 (2.89)	6.17 (4.74)
隔药柃 Eurya muricata	3.02 (4.68)		2.78 (3.04)	2.80 (3.77)
马尾松 Pinus massoniana	1.71 (3.79)	7.37 (4.92)	14.33 (7.55)
石栎 Lithocarpus glaber	1.90 (3.54)	5.32 (3.89)	7.98 (5.36)
山合欢 Albizia kalkora	0.81 (2.82)
黄瑞木 Adinandra millettii	0.77 (2.34)
柳叶蜡梅 Chimonanthus salicifolius	3.05 (2.08)
黄檀 Dalbergia hupeana	0.64 (1.98)
拟赤杨 Alniphyllum fortunei	0.59 (1.95)
甜槠 Castanopsis eyrei		23.76 (9.03)	5.89 (4.31)	15.69 (8.73)
米槠 C. carlesii		9.04 (5.27)	8.32 (3.43)
木荷 Schima superba		4.56 (3.51)	11.30 (6.61)	10.95 (6.25)
马银花 Rhododendron ovatum		3.11 (3.26)		5.44 (4.86)
麂角杜鹃 R. latoucheae		2.95 (3.18)		5.36 (5.26)
短尾越橘 Vaccinium carlesii		3.30 (3.04)
青冈 Cyclobalanopsis glauca		2.52 (2.80)	5.39 (4.02)	5.12 (2.53)
栲 Castanopsis fargesii			2.18 (2.94
杨梅 Myrica rubra			2.04 (2.82)
浙江红山茶 Camellia chekiangoleosa				2.43 (2.94)
浙江新木姜子 Neolitsea aurata var. chekiangensis				1.47 (2.81)
红楠 Machilus thunbergii				2.74 (2.46)
窄基红褐柃 Eurya rubiginosa var. attenuata				2.38 (2.49)

树种 Tree species	组别 Group	指示值 Value	P值 P<0.05
山合欢 Albizia kalkora	CFF	84.3	0.0188
拟赤杨 Alniphyllum fortunei	CFF	59.7	0.0346
楤木 Aralia chinensis	CFF	80.4	0.0188
紫珠 Callicarpa bodinieri	CFF	69.0	0.0412
大青 Clerodendrum cyrtophyllum	CFF	62.3	0.0346
杉木 Cunninghamia lanceolata	CFF	98.6	0.0188
黄檀 Dalbergia hupeana	CFF	79.7	0.0188
小果冬青 Ilex micrococca	CFF	93.5	0.0188
山胡椒 Lindera glauca	CFF	85.0	0.0188
山鸡椒 Litsea cubeba	CFF	89.2	0.0188
马尾松 Pinus massoniana	CFF	66.2	0.0188
化香 Platycarya strobilacea	CFF	86.3	0.0354
豆腐柴 Premna microphylla	CFF	68.4	0.0168
水马桑 Weigela japonica var. sinica	CFF	86.2	0.0188
栀子 Gardenia jasminoides	CSF	45.0	0.0486
野漆 Toxicodendron succedaneum	YSF	74.6	0.0496
短尾越桔 Vaccinium carlesii	YSF	48.8	0.0456
厚叶冬青 Ilex elmerriliana	YSF	67.9	0.0128
宁波木犀 Osmanthus cooperi	YSF	74.7	0.0160
石斑木 Rhaphiolepis indica	YSF	65.7	0.0160
赤楠 Syzygium buxifolium	YSF	75.7	0.0088
冬青 Ilex chinensis	OSF	67.1	0.0190
浙闽樱 Prunus schneideriana	OSF	51.4	0.0130
檵木 Loropetalum chinensis	OSF	49.9	0.0166
乳源木莲 Manglietia yuyuanensis	OSF	91.6	0.0376
刨花楠 Machilus pauhoi	OSF	100.0	0.0190
浙江红山茶 Camellia chekiangoleosa	OGF	94.0	0.0146
窄基红褐柃 Eurya rubiginosa var. attenuata	OGF	64.6	0.0332
麂角杜鹃 Rhododendron latoucheae	OGF	55.1	0.0162
秀丽槭 Acer elegantulum	OGF	100.0	0.0162
钩栲 Castanopsis tibetana	OGF	96.9	0.0446
浙江樟 Cinnamomum japonicum	OGF	97.8	0.0162
灰白蜡瓣花 Corylopsis glandulifera	OGF	99.3	0.0162
小叶青冈 Cyclobalanopsis gracilis	OGF	97.5	0.0162
细叶青冈 C. myrsinaefolia	OGF	100.0	0.0162
尾叶冬青 Ilex wilsonii	OGF	96.5	0.0066
马醉木 Pieris japonica	OGF	74.7	0.0334

树种 Tree species	组别 Group	指示值 Value	P值 P<0.05
山合欢 Albizia kalkora	CFF	84.3	0.0188
拟赤杨 Alniphyllum fortunei	CFF	59.7	0.0346
楤木 Aralia chinensis	CFF	80.4	0.0188
紫珠 Callicarpa bodinieri	CFF	69.0	0.0412
大青 Clerodendrum cyrtophyllum	CFF	62.3	0.0346
杉木 Cunninghamia lanceolata	CFF	98.6	0.0188
黄檀 Dalbergia hupeana	CFF	79.7	0.0188
小果冬青 Ilex micrococca	CFF	93.5	0.0188
山胡椒 Lindera glauca	CFF	85.0	0.0188
山鸡椒 Litsea cubeba	CFF	89.2	0.0188
马尾松 Pinus massoniana	CFF	66.2	0.0188
化香 Platycarya strobilacea	CFF	86.3	0.0354
豆腐柴 Premna microphylla	CFF	68.4	0.0168
水马桑 Weigela japonica var. sinica	CFF	86.2	0.0188
栀子 Gardenia jasminoides	CSF	45.0	0.0486
野漆 Toxicodendron succedaneum	YSF	74.6	0.0496
短尾越桔 Vaccinium carlesii	YSF	48.8	0.0456
厚叶冬青 Ilex elmerriliana	YSF	67.9	0.0128
宁波木犀 Osmanthus cooperi	YSF	74.7	0.0160
石斑木 Rhaphiolepis indica	YSF	65.7	0.0160
赤楠 Syzygium buxifolium	YSF	75.7	0.0088
冬青 Ilex chinensis	OSF	67.1	0.0190
浙闽樱 Prunus schneideriana	OSF	51.4	0.0130
檵木 Loropetalum chinensis	OSF	49.9	0.0166
乳源木莲 Manglietia yuyuanensis	OSF	91.6	0.0376
刨花楠 Machilus pauhoi	OSF	100.0	0.0190
浙江红山茶 Camellia chekiangoleosa	OGF	94.0	0.0146
窄基红褐柃 Eurya rubiginosa var. attenuata	OGF	64.6	0.0332
麂角杜鹃 Rhododendron latoucheae	OGF	55.1	0.0162
秀丽槭 Acer elegantulum	OGF	100.0	0.0162
钩栲 Castanopsis tibetana	OGF	96.9	0.0446
浙江樟 Cinnamomum japonicum	OGF	97.8	0.0162
灰白蜡瓣花 Corylopsis glandulifera	OGF	99.3	0.0162
小叶青冈 Cyclobalanopsis gracilis	OGF	97.5	0.0162
细叶青冈 C. myrsinaefolia	OGF	100.0	0.0162
尾叶冬青 Ilex wilsonii	OGF	96.5	0.0066
马醉木 Pieris japonica	OGF	74.7	0.0334