Biodiv Sci ›› 2008, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (1): 15-23. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.07145
• Original article • Previous Articles Next Articles
Shixun Huang*(), Hong Chen, Wenxiu Tang, Wenhua Luo, Yan Wang
Received:
2007-06-08
Accepted:
2007-10-10
Online:
2008-01-27
Published:
2008-01-27
Contact:
Shixun Huang
Shixun Huang, Hong Chen, Wenxiu Tang, Wenhua Luo, Yan Wang. Biological and ecological characteristics ofHopea chinensis, a plant endemic to Guangxi[J]. Biodiv Sci, 2008, 16(1): 15-23.
Fig. 2 The size-class distribution of Hopea chinensis population for each plot. Six size classes: (S1) seedlings, height(H)<33 cm; (S2) seedlings, 33 cm<H<200 cm; (S3) saplings, individuals>200 cm tall and <2.5 cmDBH; (S4) saplings, 2.5 cm<DBH<7.5 cm; (S5) adults(middle age), 7.5 cm<DBH<22.5 cm; (S6) adults,DBH>22.5 cm.
大小级 Size class | 尺度 Scale (m×m) | 均值 Mean (m) | 方差 Variance | 方差/均值 (v/m) | t-test | 负二项指数 (k) | 格林指数 (GI) | Morisita指数 (Id) | 丛生 指数 (IC) | 平均拥挤指数(m*) | 聚块性指数(m*/m) | 分布格局 Pattern |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
5×5 | 3.32 | 141.86 | 42.69 | 287.60 | 0.08 | 0.44 | 13.9 | 41.73 | 13.57 | 13.90 | C | |
S1 | 10×5 | 6.65 | 274.45 | 41.30 | 195.22 | 0.17 | 0.86 | 7.12 | 40.27 | 7.06 | 7.12 | C |
10×10 | 13.29 | 687.35 | 51.71 | 172.00 | 0.26 | 1.11 | 4.67 | 50.72 | 4.82 | 4.67 | C | |
5×5 | 3.45 | 38.2 | 11.08 | 69.42 | 0.34 | 0.47 | 4.26 | 10.07 | 3.92 | 4.26 | C | |
S2 | 10×5 | 6.89 | 79.5 | 11.53 | 51.09 | 0.65 | 0.22 | 2.72 | 10.54 | 2.53 | 2.72 | C |
10×10 | 13.79 | 163.4 | 11.85 | 36.79 | 1.27 | 0.11 | 1.76 | 10.85 | 1.79 | 1.76 | C | |
5×5 | 1.08 | 4.62 | 4.26 | 22.59 | 0.33 | 0.03 | 6.78 | 3.28 | 4.03 | 6.78 | C | |
S3 | 10×5 | 2.17 | 117.36 | 4.46 | 257.33 | 0.04 | 1.13 | 3.27 | 53.08 | 25.46 | 3.27 | C |
10×10 | 4.33 | 28.67 | 6.62 | 19.06 | 0.77 | 0.24 | 2.25 | 5.62 | 2.30 | 2.25 | C | |
5×5 | 1.39 | 7.84 | 5.66 | 31.98 | 0.30 | 0.05 | 6.87 | 4.64 | 4.34 | 6.87 | C | |
S4 | 10×5 | 2.77 | 22.35 | 8.07 | 34.27 | 0.39 | 0.15 | 3.94 | 7.07 | 3.55 | 3.94 | C |
10×10 | 5.5 | 59.65 | 10.85 | 33.39 | 0.56 | 0.43 | 2.84 | 9.85 | 2.79 | 2.84 | C | |
5×5 | 0.56 | 0.82 | 1.46 | 3.20 | 1.21 | 0.00 | 2.83 | 0.46 | 1.83 | 8.59 | R | |
S5 | 10×5 | 1.13 | 2.28 | 2.03 | 4.93 | 1.11 | 0.02 | 2.14 | 1.02 | 1.90 | 4.33 | C |
10×10 | 2.25 | 5.59 | 2.48 | 5.03 | 1.52 | 0.06 | 1.91 | 1.48 | 1.66 | 1.91 | C | |
5×5 | 0.073 | 0.07 | 0.96 | ∞ | ∞ | ∞ | 2.25 | ∞ | ∞ | 18.29 | R | |
S6 | 10×5 | 0.15 | 0.17 | 1.17 | 0.65 | 1.13 | 0.00 | 1.68 | 0.13 | 1.89 | 6.40 | R |
10×10 | 0.29 | 0.30 | 0.96 | 0.12 | 8.41 | 0.00 | 1.68 | 0.03 | 1.12 | 3.20 | R |
Table 1 The distribution pattern and dynamic of Hopea chinensis population
大小级 Size class | 尺度 Scale (m×m) | 均值 Mean (m) | 方差 Variance | 方差/均值 (v/m) | t-test | 负二项指数 (k) | 格林指数 (GI) | Morisita指数 (Id) | 丛生 指数 (IC) | 平均拥挤指数(m*) | 聚块性指数(m*/m) | 分布格局 Pattern |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
5×5 | 3.32 | 141.86 | 42.69 | 287.60 | 0.08 | 0.44 | 13.9 | 41.73 | 13.57 | 13.90 | C | |
S1 | 10×5 | 6.65 | 274.45 | 41.30 | 195.22 | 0.17 | 0.86 | 7.12 | 40.27 | 7.06 | 7.12 | C |
10×10 | 13.29 | 687.35 | 51.71 | 172.00 | 0.26 | 1.11 | 4.67 | 50.72 | 4.82 | 4.67 | C | |
5×5 | 3.45 | 38.2 | 11.08 | 69.42 | 0.34 | 0.47 | 4.26 | 10.07 | 3.92 | 4.26 | C | |
S2 | 10×5 | 6.89 | 79.5 | 11.53 | 51.09 | 0.65 | 0.22 | 2.72 | 10.54 | 2.53 | 2.72 | C |
10×10 | 13.79 | 163.4 | 11.85 | 36.79 | 1.27 | 0.11 | 1.76 | 10.85 | 1.79 | 1.76 | C | |
5×5 | 1.08 | 4.62 | 4.26 | 22.59 | 0.33 | 0.03 | 6.78 | 3.28 | 4.03 | 6.78 | C | |
S3 | 10×5 | 2.17 | 117.36 | 4.46 | 257.33 | 0.04 | 1.13 | 3.27 | 53.08 | 25.46 | 3.27 | C |
10×10 | 4.33 | 28.67 | 6.62 | 19.06 | 0.77 | 0.24 | 2.25 | 5.62 | 2.30 | 2.25 | C | |
5×5 | 1.39 | 7.84 | 5.66 | 31.98 | 0.30 | 0.05 | 6.87 | 4.64 | 4.34 | 6.87 | C | |
S4 | 10×5 | 2.77 | 22.35 | 8.07 | 34.27 | 0.39 | 0.15 | 3.94 | 7.07 | 3.55 | 3.94 | C |
10×10 | 5.5 | 59.65 | 10.85 | 33.39 | 0.56 | 0.43 | 2.84 | 9.85 | 2.79 | 2.84 | C | |
5×5 | 0.56 | 0.82 | 1.46 | 3.20 | 1.21 | 0.00 | 2.83 | 0.46 | 1.83 | 8.59 | R | |
S5 | 10×5 | 1.13 | 2.28 | 2.03 | 4.93 | 1.11 | 0.02 | 2.14 | 1.02 | 1.90 | 4.33 | C |
10×10 | 2.25 | 5.59 | 2.48 | 5.03 | 1.52 | 0.06 | 1.91 | 1.48 | 1.66 | 1.91 | C | |
5×5 | 0.073 | 0.07 | 0.96 | ∞ | ∞ | ∞ | 2.25 | ∞ | ∞ | 18.29 | R | |
S6 | 10×5 | 0.15 | 0.17 | 1.17 | 0.65 | 1.13 | 0.00 | 1.68 | 0.13 | 1.89 | 6.40 | R |
10×10 | 0.29 | 0.30 | 0.96 | 0.12 | 8.41 | 0.00 | 1.68 | 0.03 | 1.12 | 3.20 | R |
径级 Diameter size (cm) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2.5-7.5 | 7.5-12.5 | 12.5-17.5 | 17.5-22.5 | 22.5-27.5 | 27.5-32.5 | 合计 Total | |
株数 Number of individual | 5(12.5) | 7(17.5) | 14(35) | 8(20) | 4(10) | 2(5) | 40 |
竞争指数 Competition index | 7.982 | 3.353 | 2.523 | 1.569 | 0.896 | 0.46 | / |
Table 2 Distribution of diameter at breast height and intraspecific competition intensity of Hopea chinensis
径级 Diameter size (cm) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2.5-7.5 | 7.5-12.5 | 12.5-17.5 | 17.5-22.5 | 22.5-27.5 | 27.5-32.5 | 合计 Total | |
株数 Number of individual | 5(12.5) | 7(17.5) | 14(35) | 8(20) | 4(10) | 2(5) | 40 |
竞争指数 Competition index | 7.982 | 3.353 | 2.523 | 1.569 | 0.896 | 0.46 | / |
狭叶坡垒 Hopea chinensis | 打铁树 Rapanea linearis | 海南冬青 Ilex hainanensis | 腺边山矾 Symplocos punctato-marginata | 海南苹婆 Sterculia hainanensis | 其他树种 Other species | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
胸径 DBH (cm) | 2.5-55 | 2.5-15 | 5-13 | 7-24 | 3-20 | 2.5-65 |
平均胸径 Average DBH (cm) | 7.7 | 4.2 | 9.3 | 12.5 | 7.4 | 5.8 |
竞争指数 Competition index | 64.569 | 39.935 | 27.846 | 25.266 | 11.759 | 30.54 |
Table 3 Main competitive trees and interspecific competition intensity in Hopea chinensis community
狭叶坡垒 Hopea chinensis | 打铁树 Rapanea linearis | 海南冬青 Ilex hainanensis | 腺边山矾 Symplocos punctato-marginata | 海南苹婆 Sterculia hainanensis | 其他树种 Other species | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
胸径 DBH (cm) | 2.5-55 | 2.5-15 | 5-13 | 7-24 | 3-20 | 2.5-65 |
平均胸径 Average DBH (cm) | 7.7 | 4.2 | 9.3 | 12.5 | 7.4 | 5.8 |
竞争指数 Competition index | 64.569 | 39.935 | 27.846 | 25.266 | 11.759 | 30.54 |
地点 Locality | 萌发期 Growing stage | 花期 Flowering stage | 果熟期 Fruit stage |
---|---|---|---|
云南西双版纳勐仑 Xishuangbanna, Yunnan | 3-4月 | 5月下至7月下 | 9月中至10月中 |
广西十万大山 Shiwandashan, Guangxi | 3-4月 | 6-7月 | 10-12月 |
广西桂林 Guilin, Guangxi | 4-5月 | 8-9月 | 次年3-4月 |
Table 4 Phonological phases of Hopea chinensis in different locality
地点 Locality | 萌发期 Growing stage | 花期 Flowering stage | 果熟期 Fruit stage |
---|---|---|---|
云南西双版纳勐仑 Xishuangbanna, Yunnan | 3-4月 | 5月下至7月下 | 9月中至10月中 |
广西十万大山 Shiwandashan, Guangxi | 3-4月 | 6-7月 | 10-12月 |
广西桂林 Guilin, Guangxi | 4-5月 | 8-9月 | 次年3-4月 |
贮藏温度 Storage temperature | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
18-20℃ | 12-13℃ | 5-7℃ | ||||||
贮藏时间 Storage time (d) | 25 | 40 | 25 | 40 | 60 | 25 | 40 | 60 |
发芽率 Germination rate (%) | 81.7 | 65.0 | 37 | 26.2 | 15.4 | 36 | 26 | 10 |
Table 5 Seed germination percentage ofHopea chinensis in different storage temperature
贮藏温度 Storage temperature | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
18-20℃ | 12-13℃ | 5-7℃ | ||||||
贮藏时间 Storage time (d) | 25 | 40 | 25 | 40 | 60 | 25 | 40 | 60 |
发芽率 Germination rate (%) | 81.7 | 65.0 | 37 | 26.2 | 15.4 | 36 | 26 | 10 |
[1] | Fu LK (傅立国), Jin JM (金鉴明) (1992) China Plant Red Book: Rare and Endangered Plant (中国植物红皮书: 稀有濒危植物(第1卷)), pp.244-245. Science Press, Bejing. (in Chinese) |
[2] | Kammesheidt L, Dagang AA, Schwarzwaller W, Weidelt HJ (2003) Growth patterns of dipterocarps in treated and untreated plots. Forest Ecology and Management, 174,437-445. |
[3] | Leak WB (1975) Age distribution in virgin red spruce and northern hardwoods. Ecology, 56,1451-1454. |
[4] | Li XK (李先琨), Huang YQ (黄玉清), Su ZM (苏宗明) (2000) Distribution pattern and its dynamics of Taxus chinensis var. mairei population on Yuanbaoshan Mountain . Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报), 11,169-172. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[5] | Li XK (李先琨), Xiang WS (向悟生), Su ZM (苏宗明) (2004) Structure and dynamics of Taxus chinensis var . mairei clonal population . Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报), 15,177-180. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[6] | Li XK (李先琨), Su ZM (苏宗明), Ou ZL (欧祖兰), Ning SJ (宁世江), Tang RQ (唐润琴), Li RT (李瑞棠) (2002) On intraspecific and interspecific competition among Abies yuanbaoshanensis community . Journal of Resources and Environment (植物资源与环境学报), 11,20-24. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[7] | Li ZJ (李治基) (2001) Forest of Guangxi (广西森林), pp.35-38. China Forestry Publishing House, Beijing. (in Chinese) |
[8] | Liu Y (刘演), Ning SJ (宁世江) (2002) Status quo and evaluation of natural resources of emphasis protective wilding plants in Guangxi. Guangxi Sciences (广西科学), 9,124-132. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[9] | Tan WF (谭伟福) (2005) Biodiversity and Conservation System of Guangxi Shiwandashan Nature Reserve (广西十万大山自然保护区生物多样性及其保护体系), pp.1-51. China Environmental Sciences Press, Bejing. (in Chinese) |
[10] |
Tanaka T, Ito T, Ido Y, Son T-K, Nakaya K, Iinuma M, Ohyama M, Chelladurai V (2000) Stilbenoids in the stem bark of Hopea parviflora. Phytochemistry, 53,1015-1019.
URL PMID |
[11] | Wen B (文彬), Lan QY (兰芹英), He HY (何惠英) (2002) Effects of illumination, temperature and soil moisture content on seed germination of Hopea hainanensis. Journal of Tropical and Subtropical Botany (热带亚热带植物学报), 10,258-262. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[12] | Yang XB (杨小波), Lin Y (林英), Liang SQ (梁淑群), Huang SM (黄世满), Fu SX (符史新), Wang QM (王琼梅), Xie GG (谢国干) (1995) Studies on the population structure and distribution pattern of Hopea exalata in Hainan Island . Natural Science Journal of Hainan University (海南大学学报自然科学版), 13,299-303. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[13] | Yin SH (殷寿华), Shuai JG (帅建国) (1990) Study on fruiting behaviour, seedling establishment and population age classes of Parashorea chinensis . Acta Botanica Yunnanica (云南植物研究), 12,415-420. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[14] | Yu YF (于永福) (1999) The milestone of the work of protecting wild plant of China—The list of Chinese urgently protected wild plants (the 1 st group). Plants (植物杂志), (5),3-11. (in Chinese) |
[15] | Zhang L (张玲), Xiao CF (肖春芬), Wang J (王坚) (2001) Ex situ conservation of Hopea chinensis. Guihaia (广西植物), 21,277-280. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[16] | Zhang WH (张文辉), Zu YG (祖元刚), Liu GB (刘国彬) (2002) Population ecological characteristics and analysis on endangered cause of ten endangered plant species. Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报), 22,1512-1519. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[17] | Zhao XN (赵学农), Liu LH (刘伦辉), Gao SY (高圣义), Sheng CY (盛才余), Tang JW (唐继武) (1995) A study of the zonation pattern and stratification pattern of Shorea chinensis population in Xishuangbanna,Yunnan . Acta Botanica Yunnanica (云南植物研究), 17,33-40. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[18] | Zhao XN (赵学农), Liu LH (刘伦辉), Gao SY (高圣义), Tang JW (唐继武) (1996) Studies on the population structure and dynamics of Parashorea chinensis in Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, China . Guihaia (广西植物), 16,225-232. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[1] | Minhao Chen Chao Zhang Jiadong Wang Zhenjie Zhan Junzhi Chen Xiaofeng Luan. Distribution and niche overlap of American mink and Eurasian otter in Northeast China [J]. Biodiv Sci, 2023, 31(1): 22289-. |
[2] | Zhilin Li, Tianming Wang. Competition and coexistence between tigers and leopards in Asia [J]. Biodiv Sci, 2022, 30(9): 22271-. |
[3] | Zheming Sun, Yaheng Liu, Qiutong Peng, Zhiyan Xu, Yujing Yang, Wenhui Ou, Zhongqiang Li. Competition status and conservation suggestions for Wild Plant with Extremely Small Populations in primary communities in Hubei Province [J]. Biodiv Sci, 2022, 30(6): 21517-. |
[4] | Nan Ye, Beibei Hou, Chao Wang, Ruiwu Wang, Jianxiao Song. Spatial self-organization in microbial interactions [J]. Biodiv Sci, 2022, 30(5): 21458-. |
[5] | Fei Fu, Huiyu Wei, Yuteng Chang, Beixin Wang, Kai Chen. Elevational patterns of life history and ecological trait diversity of aquatic insects in the middle of the Lancang River: The effects of climate and land use variables [J]. Biodiv Sci, 2022, 30(5): 21332-. |
[6] | Zhengliang Huang, Hanlun Liu, Chengjin Chu, Yuanzhi Li. Advances in intransitive competition between organisms [J]. Biodiv Sci, 2022, 30(2): 21282-. |
[7] | Guangfu Zhang, Tianshi Xiong, Ting Sun, Kaidi Li, Liyuan Shao. Diversity, distribution, and conservation of rare and endangered plant species in Jiangsu Province [J]. Biodiv Sci, 2022, 30(2): 21335-. |
[8] | Jiahuan Sun, Dong Liu, Jiaqi Zhu, Shuning Zhang, Meixiang Gao. Spatial distribution pattern of soil mite community and body size in wheat– maize rotation farmland [J]. Biodiv Sci, 2022, 30(12): 22292-. |
[9] | Xiaohong Chen, Haojie Chen, Yazhu Wang, Shuli Xiao, Xiaoqin Heng, Anjiu Zhao. Intraspecific and interspecific competition of the endangered plant Michelia wilsonii [J]. Biodiv Sci, 2022, 30(11): 22003-. |
[10] | Denggao Xiang, Yuefei Li, Xinhui Li, Weitao Chen, Xiuhui Ma. Population structure and genetic diversity of Culter recurviceps revealed by multi-loci [J]. Biodiv Sci, 2021, 29(11): 1505-1512. |
[11] | Erhuan Wu, Donghai Li, Xiaobo Yang, Yongling Zuo, Long Li, Peichun Zhang, Lin Chen, Lujia Tian, Chendi Li. Population structure of Cycas hainanensis and its relationship with forest canopy density [J]. Biodiv Sci, 2021, 29(11): 1461-1469. |
[12] | Lingling Zhang, Ziyue Liu, Ruijiang Wang. The conservation status of orchids in Guangdong Province [J]. Biodiv Sci, 2020, 28(7): 787-795. |
[13] | Zhongcheng Liu, Zhong Zhang, Yong Lan, Wanyi Zhao, Jia Liu, Chunquan Chen, Wenbo Liao, Lei Wang. Status and management strategy for rare and endangered key protected wild plants in the Luoxiao Mountains [J]. Biodiv Sci, 2020, 28(7): 867-875. |
[14] | Xue Han, Jinquan Su, Nana Yao, Baoming Chen. Advances in root foraging behavior of exotic invasive plants [J]. Biodiv Sci, 2020, 28(6): 727-733. |
[15] | Xiao Huang,Jiang Zhu,Lan Yao,Xunru Ai,Jin Wang,Manling Wu,Qiang Zhu,Shaolin Chen. Structure and spatial distribution pattern of a native Metasequoia glyptostroboides population in Hubei [J]. Biodiv Sci, 2020, 28(4): 463-473. |
Viewed | ||||||
Full text |
|
|||||
Abstract |
|
|||||
Copyright © 2022 Biodiversity Science
Editorial Office of Biodiversity Science, 20 Nanxincun, Xiangshan, Beijing 100093, China
Tel: 010-62836137, 62836665 E-mail: biodiversity@ibcas.ac.cn