Habitat suitability evaluation of Macaca leucogenys in the Yarlung Zangbo Grand Canyon National Nature Reserve, Xizang

doi:10.17520/biods.2024493

Habitat suitability evaluation of Macaca leucogenys in the Yarlung Zangbo Grand Canyon National Nature Reserve, Xizang

Jinbo Xu^1#, Yaqian Cui^2#, Yuan Wang⁴, Weibo Wang^2,3, Feng Liu⁴, Guanglong Wang⁴, Jingjing Hu⁴, Dunzhu Pubu⁴, Duojl Bianba⁴, Zeng Dan⁴, Kai Hu⁴, Xiaochuan Wang⁴, Gang Song², Yonglei Lü^2,3,4*, Zhixin Wen^2*

1 College of Resources and Environment, Xizang Agricultural & Animal Husbandry University, Linzhi, Xizang 860000, China

2 Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China

3 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

4 Forestry Inventory and Planning Institute of Xizang Autonomous Region, Lhasa 850000, China

Received:2024-11-08 Revised:2025-02-17 Accepted:2025-05-11
Contact: Yonglei Lü, Zhixin Wen

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims: The white-cheeked macaque (Macaca leucogenys), a primate species of the genus Macaca, is classified as a Class II National Protected Animal in China. It is a newly discovered mammal species, first identified and named by Chinese scholars in the Motuo area in 2015. Due to its limited distribution range and small population size, research on the habitat suitability of Macaca leucogenys remains scarce.

Methods: To understand the distribution patterns of Macaca leucogenys, this study integrated infrared camera surveys and field investigation data, with multiple environmental variables, including canopy height, human influence index (HII), normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), elevation, aspect, slope, and 19 bioclimatic factors. We applied the MaxEnt model to systematically analyze the species’ current habitat distribution and key influencing factors within the Yarlung Zangbo Grand Canyon National Nature Reserve, Xizang. Additionally, we predicted habitat changes trends based on the habitat conditions of the region under different future climate scenarios.

Results: (1) The MaxEnt models, fitted with the selected factors, achieved an AUC value of 0.924, indicating a high level of prediction accuracy; (2) the key environmental variables affecting the current distribution of Macaca leucogenys were precipitation of wettest month (bio13), human influence index (HII), annual temperature range (bio7) and seasonal precipitation (bio15); (3) under current climate conditions, the most suitable habitats for Macaca leucogenys are primarily concentrated in the experimental area of the Yarlung Zangbo Grand Canyon National Nature Reserve, with some high-suitability areas extending into Damu core area; (4) under future climate scenarios (SSP1-2.6 and SSP3-7.0) for the 2050s, the suitable habitat area for Macaca leucogenys is projected to increase compared to the current climate conditions.

Conclusion: This study provides theoretical and foundational data for understanding the current and future distribution of Macaca leucogenys, which is important for designing effective conservation strategies for this endangered species.

Key words: Macaca leucogenys, Tibet's Yarlung Zangbo Grand Canyon National Nature Reserve, MaxEnt model, habitat suitability evaluation, climate change

Jinbo Xu, Yaqian Cui, Yuan Wang, Weibo Wang, Feng Liu, Guanglong Wang, Jingjing Hu, Dunzhu Pubu, Duojl Bianba, Zeng Dan, Kai Hu, Xiaochuan Wang, Gang Song, Yonglei Lü, Zhixin Wen. Habitat suitability evaluation of Macaca leucogenys in the Yarlung Zangbo Grand Canyon National Nature Reserve, Xizang[J]. Biodiv Sci, DOI: 10.17520/biods.2024493.

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URL: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/10.17520/biods.2024493

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Habitat suitability evaluation of Macaca leucogenys in the Yarlung Zangbo Grand Canyon National Nature Reserve, Xizang

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