Taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity of plants in a Castanopsis kawakamiinatural forest

doi:10.17520/biods.2020399

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims: Environmental heterogeneity of forest gaps leads to variation in taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity of trees in these areas. Studying tree diversity in different sizes of forest gap communities can help to reveal the mechanisms that drive the formation and maintenance of biodiversity. This study took Castanopsis kawakamiigaps as the research object, and aimed to reveal the relationship between the taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity of plants and its environmental influence factors.

Methods: We examined different sizes of forest gaps in a Castanopsis kawakamii natural forest as to study the taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity of plants, and used a generalized linear model (GLM) to explore the environmental factors driving the community assembly.

Results: We found that the plant species and plant abundance in large gaps (> 200 m²) were higher than those of medium gaps ([50 m², 100 m²)), small gaps ([30 m², 50 m²)) and non-gaps (100 m²). The phylogenetic community structure of the large gaps tends to diverge, while that of the medium gaps, small gaps and non-gaps were affected by the combined effect of habitat filtering and competitive exclusion. The phylogenetic community diversity index (PD) was significantly positively correlated with species richness (SR), Margalef index and Shannon-Wiener index, which is related to the higher species composition of sparse species than dense species in forest gaps. Overall, forest gap size had a significantly positive effect on species diversity, and the soil total nitrogen content had a significantly positive effect on community phylogenetic diversity and phylogenetic structure.

Conclusion: The formation of forest gaps increase the taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity of trees in natural forests, with gap size and soil total nitrogen jointly driving tree diversity in these natural forest gaps.

Key words: Castanopsis kawakamii, forest gap, tree taxonomic diversity, phylogenetic diversity, environment factors

Bo Chen, Lan Jiang, Ziyang Xie, Yangdi Li, Jiaxuan Li, Mengjia Li, Chensi Wei, Cong Xing, Jinfu Liu, Zhongsheng He. Taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity of plants in a Castanopsis kawakamiinatural forest[J]. Biodiv Sci, 2021, 29(4): 439-448.

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URL: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/10.17520/biods.2020399

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/Y2021/V29/I4/439

Figures/Tables 4

References 48

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	大林窗 Large gap	中林窗 Middle gap	小林窗 Small gap	非林窗 Non-gap
面积 Area (m²)	206.17 ± 4.26^a	73.16 ± 1.82^b	33.49 ± 2.33^b	100 ± 0.00^ab
海拔 Elevation (m)	216.33 ± 5.56^ab	199.33 ± 10.87^b	214.00 ± 8.98^ab	221.17 ± 0.17^a
坡度 Slope (°)	27.33 ± 3.86^ab	29.33 ± 1.25^a	17.67 ± 7.41^bc	13.23 ± 0.09^c
坡位 Slope position	2.33 ± 0.47^a	1.67 ± 0.94^a	2.00 ± 0.82^a	1.00 ± 0.01^a
土壤含水量 Soil water content (g/kg)	302.77 ± 32.7^a	280.72 ± 9.39^a	277.90 ± 11.90^a	269.56 ± 8.86^a
土壤全碳含量 Soil total C content (g/kg)	17.49 ± 3.71^a	19.19 ± 3.69^a	21.49 ± 5.34^a	23.79 ± 0.48^a
土壤全氮含量 Soil total N content (g/kg)	0.99 ± 0.07^a	1.05 ± 0.21^a	1.39 ± 0.5^a	1.48 ± 0.04^a
土壤全磷含量 Soil total P content (g/kg)	0.62 ± 0.39^a	0.67 ± 0.17^a	0.38 ± 0.08^a	0.18 ± 0.01^a
土壤全钾含量 Soil total K content (mg/L)	30.9 ± 0.62^a	22.3 ± 4.97^b	21.5 ± 0.67^b	27.17 ± 0.82^ab
pH值 pH value	3.49 ± 0.05^a	3.39 ± 0.04^a	3.52 ± 0.12^a	3.41 ± 0.02^a
水解氮 Hydrolyzed nitrogen (mg/kg)	124.45 ± 8.00^a	128.01 ± 31.19^a	111.01 ± 9.02^a	136.41 ± 3.01^a
碳氮比 C/N	17.43 ± 2.71^a	18.08 ± 1.08^a	16.66 ± 1.66^a	16.55 ± 0.83^a
有效磷含量 Available P content (mg/kg)	5.26 ± 2.70^ab	11.31 ± 8.95^ab	19.57 ± 1.84^a	3.87 ± 0.20^b
年均空气温度 Annual air temperature (℃)	25.15 ± 0.53^a	25.20 ± 0.07^a	24.91 ± 0.24^a	24.27 ± 0.48^a
年均空气湿度 Annual air humidity (%)	90.08 ± 1.22^a	85.34 ± 7.14^a	90.14 ± 2.49^a	91.75 ± 0.81^a
年均土壤温度 Annual soil temperature (℃)	24.38 ± 1.11^a	24.25 ± 0.35^a	23.40 ± 0.49^a	23.01 ± 0.47^a

	大林窗 Large gap	中林窗 Middle gap	小林窗 Small gap	非林窗 Non-gap
面积 Area (m²)	206.17 ± 4.26^a	73.16 ± 1.82^b	33.49 ± 2.33^b	100 ± 0.00^ab
海拔 Elevation (m)	216.33 ± 5.56^ab	199.33 ± 10.87^b	214.00 ± 8.98^ab	221.17 ± 0.17^a
坡度 Slope (°)	27.33 ± 3.86^ab	29.33 ± 1.25^a	17.67 ± 7.41^bc	13.23 ± 0.09^c
坡位 Slope position	2.33 ± 0.47^a	1.67 ± 0.94^a	2.00 ± 0.82^a	1.00 ± 0.01^a
土壤含水量 Soil water content (g/kg)	302.77 ± 32.7^a	280.72 ± 9.39^a	277.90 ± 11.90^a	269.56 ± 8.86^a
土壤全碳含量 Soil total C content (g/kg)	17.49 ± 3.71^a	19.19 ± 3.69^a	21.49 ± 5.34^a	23.79 ± 0.48^a
土壤全氮含量 Soil total N content (g/kg)	0.99 ± 0.07^a	1.05 ± 0.21^a	1.39 ± 0.5^a	1.48 ± 0.04^a
土壤全磷含量 Soil total P content (g/kg)	0.62 ± 0.39^a	0.67 ± 0.17^a	0.38 ± 0.08^a	0.18 ± 0.01^a
土壤全钾含量 Soil total K content (mg/L)	30.9 ± 0.62^a	22.3 ± 4.97^b	21.5 ± 0.67^b	27.17 ± 0.82^ab
pH值 pH value	3.49 ± 0.05^a	3.39 ± 0.04^a	3.52 ± 0.12^a	3.41 ± 0.02^a
水解氮 Hydrolyzed nitrogen (mg/kg)	124.45 ± 8.00^a	128.01 ± 31.19^a	111.01 ± 9.02^a	136.41 ± 3.01^a
碳氮比 C/N	17.43 ± 2.71^a	18.08 ± 1.08^a	16.66 ± 1.66^a	16.55 ± 0.83^a
有效磷含量 Available P content (mg/kg)	5.26 ± 2.70^ab	11.31 ± 8.95^ab	19.57 ± 1.84^a	3.87 ± 0.20^b
年均空气温度 Annual air temperature (℃)	25.15 ± 0.53^a	25.20 ± 0.07^a	24.91 ± 0.24^a	24.27 ± 0.48^a
年均空气湿度 Annual air humidity (%)	90.08 ± 1.22^a	85.34 ± 7.14^a	90.14 ± 2.49^a	91.75 ± 0.81^a
年均土壤温度 Annual soil temperature (℃)	24.38 ± 1.11^a	24.25 ± 0.35^a	23.40 ± 0.49^a	23.01 ± 0.47^a

	指数 Index	大林窗 Large gap	中林窗 Middle gap	小林窗 Small gap	非林窗 Non-gap
系统发育多样性 Phylogenetic diversity	SES.PD	995.37 ± 173.75^a	904.14 ± 0.82^b	901.02 ± 89.64^b	638.09 ± 74.88^b
	NRI	?0.231 ± 0.213^a	?0.051 ± 0.327^a	?0.283 ± 0.598^a	?0.502 ± 0.380^a
	NTI	?0.261 ± 0.487^a	0.577 ± 0.546^a	1.391 ± 0.977^a	0.473 ± 0.769^a
物种多样性 Species diversity	Margalef	2.72 ± 0.44^a	2.69 ± 0.17^b	2.24 ± 0.42^b	1.98 ± 0.36^b
	Simpson	0.59 ± 0.01^a	0.58 ± 0.01^a	0.48 ± 0.02^a	0.45 ± 0.01^a
	Shannon-Wiener	1.48 ± 0.23^a	1.59 ± 0.05^b	1.33 ± 0.12^b	1.27 ± 0.08^b
	物种丰富度 Species richness	11.33 ± 2.28^a	9.01 ± 2.24^ab	8.51 ± 2.37^b	6.67 ± 0.62^b
	Pielou均匀度 Pielou evenness	0.43 ± 0.08^a	0.53 ± 0.02^a	0.46 ± 0.01^a	0.45 ± 0.01^a

	指数 Index	大林窗 Large gap	中林窗 Middle gap	小林窗 Small gap	非林窗 Non-gap
系统发育多样性 Phylogenetic diversity	SES.PD	995.37 ± 173.75^a	904.14 ± 0.82^b	901.02 ± 89.64^b	638.09 ± 74.88^b
	NRI	?0.231 ± 0.213^a	?0.051 ± 0.327^a	?0.283 ± 0.598^a	?0.502 ± 0.380^a
	NTI	?0.261 ± 0.487^a	0.577 ± 0.546^a	1.391 ± 0.977^a	0.473 ± 0.769^a
物种多样性 Species diversity	Margalef	2.72 ± 0.44^a	2.69 ± 0.17^b	2.24 ± 0.42^b	1.98 ± 0.36^b
	Simpson	0.59 ± 0.01^a	0.58 ± 0.01^a	0.48 ± 0.02^a	0.45 ± 0.01^a
	Shannon-Wiener	1.48 ± 0.23^a	1.59 ± 0.05^b	1.33 ± 0.12^b	1.27 ± 0.08^b
	物种丰富度 Species richness	11.33 ± 2.28^a	9.01 ± 2.24^ab	8.51 ± 2.37^b	6.67 ± 0.62^b
	Pielou均匀度 Pielou evenness	0.43 ± 0.08^a	0.53 ± 0.02^a	0.46 ± 0.01^a	0.45 ± 0.01^a