Spatiotemporal characteristics and influencing factors of animal soundscape in urban green spaces

doi:10.17520/biods.2022359

Abstract

Abstract:

Background & Aims: The animal community is a key element constituting the urban green-space ecosystem. As an important ecological component of wild animal communities, the soundscape is of great significance in guiding urban green-space landscape design and biodiversity conservation measures. This paper examined 67 articles from the core collection of Web of Science published between 2005 and 2022 to comprehensively analyze the spatiotemporal patterns of and influences on animal soundscapes in urban green spaces.

Findings: The animal soundscape of urban green space was influenced by environmental-spatial gradients and vegetation spatial structure. Animal sound diversity was inversely correlated with altitude, latitude, urbanization degree, and was also related to vegetation type and height. Phenology of the urban soundscape also showed diurnal, seasonal, and annual variation, including characteristics such as dawn and dusk avian choruses, insect and amphibians nocturnal choruses, and other aspects of animals’ seasonal and annual vocalization patterns. The factors that affect the urban animal soundscape thus include mainly vegetation, environment, anthropogenic interference, and self-driving of animals.

Prospects: Despite being one of the hotspots of current soundscape ecology research, animal soundscape research faces challenges such as insufficient investigation of large spatiotemporal scales. Promising directions for future research include the quantitative analysis of influential factors and their response mechanisms as well as the establishment of a global animal soundscape database.

Key words: soundscape ecology, urban green space, animal soundscape, spatiotemporal characteristics, influencing factor

Yuhua Cen, Peng Wang, Qingchun Chen, Chengyun Zhang, Shang Yu, Ke Hu, Yang Liu, Rongbo Xiao. Spatiotemporal characteristics and influencing factors of animal soundscape in urban green spaces[J]. Biodiv Sci, 2023, 31(1): 22359.

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URL: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/10.17520/biods.2022359

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/Y2023/V31/I1/22359

Figures/Tables 5

Fig. 1 Global distribution map of animal soundscape case studies. The deeper color (blue) represents more documents were published; the dots, circle and the square box represent the number of studies on the six major fauna, number of documents and the four types of urban green space in each region.

Fig. 2 Distribution of research animal groups (A) and differences in soundscapes (B) in different urban green spaces. % represents the proportion of the number of documents.

Fig. 3 Drivers of animal soundscapes in different urban green spaces. Pie charts represent the research proportions of five types of driving factors in four types of urban green space. Numbers represent the number of documents.

Fig. 4 Variation of soundscape power in animals during the day (rose plot) and year (line plot). The sun and moon icons represent the time of sunrise and sunset.

Fig. 5 Concept map of driving factors of animal soundscapes and frequency distribution of some species. Four driving factors affecting the spatiotemporal patterns of animal soundscapes are shown according to the frequency distribution of animals, i.e. vegetation structure (indicated by dark gray shading), environmental factors, human interference (black shading), and self-driving. The categories of animal include birds (pink shading), insects (yellow shading), amphibians (such as frogs, green shading), and mammals (such as bats, blue shading) that are commonly found in urban green spaces.

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