Characteristics and historical changes of the fish assemblage in the Danjiangkou Reservoir

doi:10.17520/biods.2020009

Abstract

Abstract:

To quantify the fish assemblage and its historical change, we conducted surveys in the Danjiangkou Reservoir in 2018 and 2019 based on multi-mesh gillnet samplings and catch by fisheries. A total of 33 fish species were collected, belonging to 5 orders, 11 families, and 29 genera, among which Cyprinidae were dominant, accounting for 63.6% of the total species captured. Spatial variation of diversity indices and catch per unit effort (CPUE, g·day ^-1·m ^-2) based on gillnet samplings were calculated among sampling sites. Currently, the Danjiangkou Reservoir is dominated by sedentary, lentic, omnivorous and carnivorous fishes. Compared with historical data from the 1950s and 1980s, the number of total fish species in the reservoir increased and then subsequently decreased. Whereas the proportion of omnivorous species, lotic species, and migratory species showed a continuous decline. The similarity indices of species composition between the present and the 1950s and 1980s were 0.35 and 0.29, respectively (both medium dissimilarity). These results indicate that the current fish assemblage in the Danjiangkou Reservoir has undergone significant changes in the last half-century trending toward smaller species and simpler assemblages, which may be attributed to human activities such as dam construction, fish stocking, overfishing, and the introduction of non-native fish species.

Key words: fish assemblage, historical change, ecological type, human activity, the Danjiangkou Reservoir

Jingpei Bai, Geng Huang, Changjun Jiang, Weicheng Zhang, Qidong Wang, Lunguang Yao. Characteristics and historical changes of the fish assemblage in the Danjiangkou Reservoir[J]. Biodiv Sci, 2020, 28(10): 1202-1212.

Add to citation manager EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

URL: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/10.17520/biods.2020009

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/Y2020/V28/I10/1202

Figures/Tables 5

References 48

[1]	Bao HF ( 2013) Influence Analysis on Biological Diversity of Danjiangkou Reservoir at the Middle Route South-to-North Water Transfer Project. PhD dissertation, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 包洪福 ( 2013) 南水北调中线工程对丹江口库区生物多样性的影响分析. 博士学位论文, 东北林业大学, 哈尔滨.]
[2]	Bolotskiy EB, Wu XW, Bai GD, Ge MS, Wang QL, Wang SD, Chen SZ ( 1959) Hydrobiological survey of the region of the projected dam-reservoir of Danjiangkou, with propositions for fisheries management. Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica, ( 1), 33-56. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ E.B.波鲁茨基, 伍献文, 白国栋, 戈敏生, 王乾麟, 王士达, 陈受忠 ( 1959) 丹江口水库库区水生生物调查和渔业利用的意见. 水生生物学报, ( 1), 33-56.]
[3]	Brandt SB ( 1993) The effect of thermal fronts on fish growth: A bioenergetics evaluation of food and temperature. Estuaries, 16, 142-159.
[4]	Bruno JF, O’Connor MI ( 2005) Cascading effects of predator diversity and omnivory in a marine food web. Ecology Letters, 8, 1048-1056. DOI URL
[5]	Chang JB, Chen YB, Gao Y, Zhu B, Qiao Y ( 2008) The influence of water conservancy and hydropower project on fish and countermeasures. In: Proceedings of the 2008 Annual Conference of Chinese Hydraulic Engineering Society (Vol. 1), pp. 685-696. China Water & Power Press, Beijing. (in Chinese)
	[ 常剑波, 陈永柏, 高勇, 朱滨, 乔晔 ( 2008) 水利水电工程对鱼类的影响及减缓对策. 见: 中国水利学会2008年学术年会论文集(上册), 685-696页. 中国水利水电出版社, 北京.]
[6]	Chen F, Zhao XF, Zhao JY, Li M ( 2012) Investigation of fish resources in the Oujiang River and its protection strategy. Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin, 21, 934-941. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 陈锋, 赵先富, 赵进勇, 李敏 ( 2012) 瓯江鱼类资源调查及保护对策. 长江流域资源与环境, 21, 934-941.]
[7]	Chen YY ( 1998) Fauna Sinica · Osteichthyes · Cypriniformes. II. Science Press, Beijing. (in Chinese)
	[ 陈宜瑜 ( 1998) 中国动物志 · 硬骨鱼纲 · 鲤形目(中卷). 科学出版社, 北京.]
[8]	Chu XL, Zheng BS, Dai DY ( 1999) Fauna Sinica · Osteichthyes · Siluriformes. Science Press, Beijing. (in Chinese)
	[ 褚新洛, 郑葆珊, 戴定远 ( 1999) 中国动物志 · 硬骨鱼纲 · 鲇形目. 科学出版社, 北京.]
[9]	Costedoat C, Pech N, Salducci MD, Chappaz R, Gilles A ( 2005) Evolution of mosaic hybrid zone between invasive and endemic species of Cyprinidae through space and time. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 85, 135-155.
[10]	Drake M, Valley R ( 2005) Validation and application of a fish-based index of biotic integrity for small central Minnesota lakes. North American Journal of Fisheries Management, 25, 1095-1111.
[11]	Dugan PJ, Barlow C, Agostinho AA, Baran E, Cada GF, Chen DQ, Cowx GI, Ferguson JW, Jutagate TT, Marmulla G, Nestler J, Petrere M, Welcomme RL, Winemiller KO ( 2010) Fish migration, dams, and loss of ecosystem services in the Mekong basin. Ambio, 39, 344-348. DOI URL PMID
[12]	Fan ZH, Ba JW, Duan XB ( 2012) Studies on fish resources and species diversity in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River from Yichang to Chenglingji section. Freshwater Fisheries, 42, 20-25. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 范振华, 巴家文, 段辛斌 ( 2012) 长江宜昌至城陵矶江段鱼类资源现状及物种多样性研究. 淡水渔业, 42, 20-25.]
[13]	Fish Laboratory of Institute of Hydrobiology in Hubei Province( 1976) Yangtze River Fish. Science Press, Beijing. (in Chinese)
	[ 湖北省水生生物研究所鱼类研究室( 1976) 长江鱼类. 科学出版社, 北京.]
[14]	Fu JJ, Wang ML, Wang BH, Xie DX ( 2015) Operational management of Danjiangkou hydro-complex and its heightening works. Yangtze River, 46(6), 14-16. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 付建军, 王梦凉, 王保红, 谢丹雄 ( 2015) 丹江口大坝加高施工和枢纽运行管理. 人民长江, 46(6), 14-16.]
[15]	Gozlan RE, St-Hilaire S, Feist SW, Martin P, Kent ML ( 2005) Biodiversity: Disease threat to European fish. Nature, 435, 1046. URL PMID
[16]	Jaccard P ( 1912) The distribution of flora in the alpine zone. New Phytologist, 11, 37-50.
[17]	Jia YT, Chen YF, Tao J, He DK ( 2013) Current status and historical changes in fish assemblages of the Zengjiang River. Resources Science, 35, 1490-1498. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 贾银涛, 陈毅峰, 陶捐, 何德奎 ( 2013) 增江鱼类群落特征及其历史变化. 资源科学, 35, 1490-1498.]
[18]	Johnson JA, Kelsch SW ( 1998) Effects of evolutionary thermal environment on temperature-preference relationships in fishes. Environmental Biology of Fishes, 53, 447-458.
[19]	Kitchell JF, Schindler DE, Ogutu-Ohwayo R, Reinthal PN ( 1997) The Nile perch in Lake Victoria: Interactions between predation and fisheries. Ecological Applications, 7, 653-664.
[20]	Krebs CJ ( 1999) Ecological Methodology. Harper Collins, New York.
[21]	Liao CS, Xiong MT, Yin Z, Liu JS ( 2018) Studies on the fishery fishing and community structure of fish in the Danjiangkou Reservoir. Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences, 46, 87-90. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 廖传松, 熊满堂, 殷战, 刘家寿 ( 2018) 丹江口水库渔业捕捞及鱼类群落结构研究. 安徽农业科学, 46, 87-90.]
[22]	Liu QG ( 2005) Aquatic Environmental Protection Oriented Fishery in Lake Qiandaohu and Its Influences on Lake Ecosystem. PhD dissertation, East China Normal University, Shanghai. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 刘其根 ( 2005) 千岛湖保水渔业及其对湖泊生态系统的影响. 博士学位论文, 华东师范大学, 上海.]
[23]	Ludwig JA, Reynolds JF ( 1988) Statistical Ecology: A Primer on Methods and Computing. John Wiley & Sons, New York.
[24]	Lun F, Li Z, Zhou BX, Wang CX, Li YY ( 2016) Investigation of fish resources in Danjiangkou Reservoir in Henan Province. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 45, 150-155. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 伦峰, 李峥, 周本翔, 王晨溪, 李玉英 ( 2016) 丹江口水库(河南辖区)鱼类资源调查. 河南农业科学, 45, 150-155.]
[25]	Lyons J, Gutiérrez-Hernández A, Díaz-Pardo E, Soto-Galera E, Medina-Nava M, Raúl PL ( 2000) Development of a preliminary index of biotic integrity (IBI) based on fish assemblages to assess ecosystem condition in the lakes of central Mexico. Hydrobiologia, 418, 57-72.
[26]	Magurran AE ( 1989) Ecological diversity and its measurement. Biometrics, 46, 81-99. URL PMID
[27]	Pan YD, Guo SJ, Li YY, Yin W, Qi PC, Shi JW, Hu LQ, Li B, Bi SG, Zhu JY ( 2018) Effects of water level increase on phytoplankton assemblages in a drinking water reservoir. Water, 10, 256-274.
[28]	Petchey OL, Downing AL, Mittelbach GG, Persson L, Steiner CF, Warren PH ( 2004) Species loss and the structure and functioning of multitrophic aquatic systems. Oikos, 104, 467-478.
[29]	Pielou EC ( 1975) Ecological Diversity. John Wiley & Sons, New York.
[30]	Pinkas L, Oliphant MS, Iverson LK ( 1970) Food habits of albacore, bluefin tuna, and bonito in California waters. Scripps Institution of Oceanography Library. Fish Bulletin, 152, 1-105.
[31]	Roberts TR ( 2001) On the river of no returns: Thailand’s Pak Mun Dam and its fish ladder. Natural History Bulletin of the Siam Society, 492, 189-230.
[32]	Ru HJ, Wang HJ, Zhao WH, Shen YQ, Wang Y, Zhang XK ( 2010) Fishes in the mainstream of the Yellow River: Assemblage characteristics and historical changes. Biodiversity Science, 18, 179-186. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 茹辉军, 王海军, 赵伟华, 沈亚强, 王勇, 张晓可 ( 2010) 黄河干流鱼类群落特征及其历史变化. 生物多样性, 18, 179-186.]
[33]	Stanford JA, Ward JV, Zimmermann HJ, Cline LD ( 1986) Fish of the Colorado River system. In: The Ecology of River Systems (eds Davies BR, Walker KF), pp. 385-402. Dr W. Junk Publishers, Dordrecht.
[34]	Vehanen T, Sutela T, Korhonen H ( 2010) Environmental assessment of boreal rivers using fish data—A contribution to the Water Framework Directive. Fisheries Management & Ecology, 17, 165-175.
[35]	Wolter C ( 2007) Temperature influence on the fish assemblage structure in a large lowland river, the lower Oder River, Germany. Ecology of Freshwater Fish, 16, 492-503.
[36]	Xing DY, Yang GR ( 1992) The diet of six fierce fish in Danjiangkou Reservoir. Fishery of Water Conservancy, ( 3), 10-14. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 邢东耀, 杨干荣 ( 1992) 丹江口水库六种凶猛鱼的食性. 水利渔业, ( 3), 10-14.]
[37]	Xu SN, Guo JZ, Chen ZZ, Zhang K, Xu YW, Cai YC, Li CH ( 2019) Tempo-spatial distribution characteristics of fish resources in Jiaozhou Bay. Journal of Fisheries of China, 43, 1615-1625. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 徐姗楠, 郭建忠, 陈作志, 张魁, 许友伟, 蔡研聪, 李纯厚 ( 2019) 胶州湾鱼类资源量的时空分布特征. 水产学报, 43, 1615-1625.]
[38]	Yang ZW, Li ZJ, Liu JS, Zhang TL, Ye SW, Zhang H ( 2012) A comparative study on reproductive characteristics of different spawning stocks of the icefish (Neosalanx taihuensis) in the Danjiangkou Reservoir. Freshwater Fisheries, 42, 58-62. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 杨战伟, 李钟杰, 刘家寿, 张堂林, 叶少文, 张华 ( 2012) 丹江口水库太湖新银鱼不同繁殖群体的繁殖特征比较. 淡水渔业, 42, 58-62.]
[39]	Yin MC ( 1995) Fish Ecology. China Agriculture Press, Beijing. (in Chinese)
	[ 殷名称 ( 1995) 鱼类生态学. 中国农业出版社, 北京.]
[40]	Yonekura R, Kohmatsu Y, Yuma M ( 2007) Difference in the predation impact enhanced by morphological divergence between introduced fish populations. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 91, 601-610.
[41]	Yu ZT ( 1982) Investigation of fish resources in the middle and lower reaches of the Hanjiang River and the impact assessment of the Danjiangkou water conservancy project on fish resources in the Hanjiang River. Fishery of Water Conservancy, ( 1), 19-27. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 余志堂 ( 1982) 汉江中下游鱼类资源调查以及丹江口水利枢纽对汉江鱼类资源影响的评价. 水库渔业, ( 1), 19-27.]
[42]	Yuan FX, Huang DM ( 1989) Analysis of fish resources and composition in the Danjiangkou Reservoir. Fishery of Water Conservancy, ( 2), 35-36. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 袁凤霞, 黄道明 ( 1989) 丹江口水库鱼类资源及组成分析. 水利渔业, ( 2), 35-36.]
[43]	Yuan J, Xia YG, Li ZJ, Yin Z, Liu JS ( 2016) Changes in fisheries resources in the Hanjiang River and Danjiangkou Reservoir, China. American Fisheries Society Symposium, 84, 179-191.
[44]	Yue PQ ( 2000) Fauna Sinica · Osteichthyes · Cypriniformes. III. Science Press, Beijing. (in Chinese)
	[ 乐佩琦 ( 2000) 中国动物志 · 硬骨鱼纲 · 鲤形目(下卷). 科学出版社, 北京.]
[45]	Zhang GH, Cao WX ( 1997) Effects of fish stocking on lake ecosystems in China. Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica, 21, 271-280. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 张国华, 曹文宣 ( 1997) 湖泊放养渔业对我国湖泊生态系统的影响. 水生生物学报, 21, 271-280.]
[46]	Zhang JB ( 1999) Analysis of clustering on growth of predatory fish guild in the Danjiangkou Reservoir. Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica, 23, 689-695. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 张家波 ( 1999) 丹江口水库凶猛鱼集团生长特性组型的聚类分析. 水生生物学报, 23, 689-695.]
[47]	Zhang QF, Su RH, Jiang MX, Li SY ( 2007) The South-to-north Water Transfer Project and its ecological security: The priorities. Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin, 16, 217-221. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 张全发, 苏荣辉, 江明喜, 李思悦 ( 2007) 南水北调工程及其生态安全: 优先研究领域. 长江流域资源与环境, 16, 217-221.]
[48]	Zhu SQ ( 1995) Synopsis of Freshwater Fishes of China. Jiangsu Science and Technology Publishing House, Nanjing. (in Chinese)
	[ 朱松泉 ( 1995) 中国淡水鱼类检索表. 江苏科技出版社, 南京.]

地点 Sampling site	马蹬镇 Madeng Town	丹江口市 Danjiangkou City	凉水河镇 Liangshuihe Town	渠首 Headwork	均县镇 Junxian Town
物种丰富度 Species richness (D)	7.000 ± 0.892^a	8.000± 1.033^a	8.000 ± 0.813^a	10.000 ± 0.433^a	12.000 ± 1.031^b
Shannon-Wiener多样性指数 Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H')	1.374 ± 0.173^a	1.408 ± 0.169^a	1.424 ± 0.182^a	1.436 ± 0.076^a	1.574 ± 0.226^a
Pielou均匀度指数 Pielou evenness index (J)	0.769 ± 0.067^a	0.636 ± 0.083^a	0.641 ± 0.069^a	0.614 ± 0.037^a	0.644 ± 0.070^a
单位努力捕捞量 CPUE (g·day^-1·m^-2)	2.568 ± 0.977^a	3.735 ± 1.108^ab	3.846 ± 1.112^ab	4.298 ± 1.096^ab	4.841 ± 0.586^b

地点 Sampling site	马蹬镇 Madeng Town	丹江口市 Danjiangkou City	凉水河镇 Liangshuihe Town	渠首 Headwork	均县镇 Junxian Town
物种丰富度 Species richness (D)	7.000 ± 0.892^a	8.000± 1.033^a	8.000 ± 0.813^a	10.000 ± 0.433^a	12.000 ± 1.031^b
Shannon-Wiener多样性指数 Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H')	1.374 ± 0.173^a	1.408 ± 0.169^a	1.424 ± 0.182^a	1.436 ± 0.076^a	1.574 ± 0.226^a
Pielou均匀度指数 Pielou evenness index (J)	0.769 ± 0.067^a	0.636 ± 0.083^a	0.641 ± 0.069^a	0.614 ± 0.037^a	0.644 ± 0.070^a
单位努力捕捞量 CPUE (g·day^-1·m^-2)	2.568 ± 0.977^a	3.735 ± 1.108^ab	3.846 ± 1.112^ab	4.298 ± 1.096^ab	4.841 ± 0.586^b

科 Family	种类数 Species number			三个时期共有种数	相似性指数 Jaccard similarity index
科 Family	1950s	1980s	2018-2019	Number of mutual species	1950s vs. 1980s	1950s vs. 2018-2019	1980s vs. 2018-2019
鲤科 Cyprinidae	28	42	21	12	0.46	0.36	0.43
鲟科 Acipenseridae	1	0	0	0	0.00	0.00	0.00
银鱼科 Salangidae	0	0	1	0	0.00	0.00	0.00
鳀科 Engraulidae	1	0	0	0	0.00	0.00	0.00
鳗鲡科 Anguillidae	1	0	0	0	0.00	0.00	0.00
鳅科 Cobitidae	0	3	1	0	0.00	0.00	0.33
平鳍鳅科 Balitoridae	2	2	0	0	1.00	0.00	0.00
鮰科 Ictaluridae	0	0	1	0	0.00	0.00	0.00
鲿科 Bagridae	3	9	3	3	0.33	0.20	0.33
鲇科 Siluridae	1	2	1	1	0.50	1.00	0.00
鮡科 Sisoridae	0	1	0	0	0.00	0.00	0.00
合鳃鱼科 Synbranchidae	1	1	0	0	1.00	0.00	0.00
刺鳅科 Mastacembelidae	0	1	0	0	0.00	0.00	0.00
鮨科 Serranidae	3	3	1	1	1.00	0.33	0.33
虾虎鱼科 Gobiidae	1	1	1	1	1.00	1.00	0.00
鳢科 Channidae	0	1	1	0	0.00	0.00	1.00
塘鳢科 Eleotridae	1	1	0	0	1.00	0.00	0.00
太阳鱼科 Centrachidae	0	0	1	0	0.00	0.00	0.00
鱵科 Hemiramphidae	0	0	1	0	0.00	0.00	0.00
合计 Total	43	67	33	18	0.45	0.29	0.35

科 Family	种类数 Species number			三个时期共有种数	相似性指数 Jaccard similarity index
科 Family	1950s	1980s	2018-2019	Number of mutual species	1950s vs. 1980s	1950s vs. 2018-2019	1980s vs. 2018-2019
鲤科 Cyprinidae	28	42	21	12	0.46	0.36	0.43
鲟科 Acipenseridae	1	0	0	0	0.00	0.00	0.00
银鱼科 Salangidae	0	0	1	0	0.00	0.00	0.00
鳀科 Engraulidae	1	0	0	0	0.00	0.00	0.00
鳗鲡科 Anguillidae	1	0	0	0	0.00	0.00	0.00
鳅科 Cobitidae	0	3	1	0	0.00	0.00	0.33
平鳍鳅科 Balitoridae	2	2	0	0	1.00	0.00	0.00
鮰科 Ictaluridae	0	0	1	0	0.00	0.00	0.00
鲿科 Bagridae	3	9	3	3	0.33	0.20	0.33
鲇科 Siluridae	1	2	1	1	0.50	1.00	0.00
鮡科 Sisoridae	0	1	0	0	0.00	0.00	0.00
合鳃鱼科 Synbranchidae	1	1	0	0	1.00	0.00	0.00
刺鳅科 Mastacembelidae	0	1	0	0	0.00	0.00	0.00
鮨科 Serranidae	3	3	1	1	1.00	0.33	0.33
虾虎鱼科 Gobiidae	1	1	1	1	1.00	1.00	0.00
鳢科 Channidae	0	1	1	0	0.00	0.00	1.00
塘鳢科 Eleotridae	1	1	0	0	1.00	0.00	0.00
太阳鱼科 Centrachidae	0	0	1	0	0.00	0.00	0.00
鱵科 Hemiramphidae	0	0	1	0	0.00	0.00	0.00
合计 Total	43	67	33	18	0.45	0.29	0.35