Biodiv Sci ›› 2017, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (6): 654-674. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2017050
• Original Papers • Previous Articles Next Articles
Daike Tian1,2,*(), Chun Li1,3, Yan Xiao1,2, Naifeng Fu1,2, Yi Tong1,2, Ruijuan Wu1,2
Received:
2017-02-20
Accepted:
2017-06-28
Online:
2017-06-20
Published:
2017-07-10
Contact:
Tian Daike
Daike Tian, Chun Li, Yan Xiao, Naifeng Fu, Yi Tong, Ruijuan Wu. Occurrence and characteristics of natural hybridization in Begonia in China[J]. Biodiv Sci, 2017, 25(6): 654-674.
杂交居群可能亲本组合 Possible parents of natural hybrids | 采集地 Location of collection | 标本采集号 Voucher no. | 分子鉴定 Molecular identification | 基因组大小 Genome size |
---|---|---|---|---|
酸味秋海棠×勐养秋海棠 B. acetosella × B. silletensis subsp. mengyangensis | 云南勐腊国家级自然保护区 Mengla National Nature Reserve, Yunnan | TDK354 TDK358 | √ √ | √ |
老挝南塔至勐新县公路 Road between Nanta and Mengxin, Laos | TDK747* | √ | √ | |
歪叶秋海棠×粗喙秋海棠 B. augustinei × B. longifolia | 云南勐养国家级自然保护区 Mengyang National Nature Reserve, Yunnan | ZPS001 | √ | |
周裂秋海棠×裂叶秋海棠 B. circumlobata × B. palmata | 广东信宜县大雾山 Dawushan of Xinyi, Guangdong | TDK868 | √ | |
TDK870 | √ | |||
TDK873 | √ | |||
广东惠州罗浮山 Luofushan of Huizhou, Guangdong | TDK2064 | √ | ||
大围山秋海棠×掌叶秋海棠 B. daweishanensis × B. hemsleyana | 云南大围山国家级自然保护区 Daweishan National Nature Reserve, Yunnan | TDK1306 | √ | |
厚叶秋海棠×酸味秋海棠(粗喙秋海棠) B. dryadis × B. acetosella (B. longifolia) | 云南勐腊县勐远乡 Mengyuan, Mengla,Yunnan | TDK396 | √ | |
厚叶秋海棠×粗喙秋海棠 B. dryadis × B. longifolia | 云南勐腊县望天树景区 Wangtianshu Resort of Mengla,Yunnan | TDK368 | √ | √ |
全柱秋海棠×大理秋海棠 B. grandis subsp. holostyla × B. taliensis | 云南丽江永胜县 Yongsheng, Lijiang, Yunnan | TDK2213 | √ | √ |
掌叶秋海棠×大裂秋海棠 B. hemsleyana × B. macrotoma | 云南绿春县大水沟乡 Dashuigou, Lüchun, Yunnan | TDK264 | √ | |
掌叶秋海棠×裂叶秋海棠 B. hemsleyana × B. palmata | 云南绿春县三勐乡巴东草果场 Badong, Sanmeng, Lüchun, Yunnan | TDK1252 | √ | |
TDK1257 | √ | |||
云南绿春县平河乡 Pinghe, Lüchun, Yunnan | TDK2697 | √ | ||
TDK2697A | √ | |||
掌叶秋海棠×紫叶秋海棠 B. hemsleyana × B. purpureofolia | 云南大围山国家级自然保护区 Daweishan National Nature Reserve, Yunnan | TDK1303 | √ | |
掌叶秋海棠×倒鳞秋海棠 B. hemsleyana × B. reflexisquamosa | 云南绿春县三勐乡巴东草果场 Badong, Sanmeng, Lüchun, Yunnan | TDK1251 | √ | |
掌叶秋海棠×变色秋海棠 B. hemsleyana × B. versicolor | 云南麻栗坡县豆豉店 Douchidian, Malipo, Yunnan | TDK1374 | √ | |
掌叶秋海棠×长纤秋海棠 B. hemsleyana × B. longiciliata | 云南绿春县平河乡 Pinghe, Lüchun, Yunnan | TDK2689 | √ | |
蕺叶秋海棠×掌裂叶秋海棠 B. limprichtii × B. pedatifida | 四川峨眉山 Mount Emei, Sichuan | TDK2984 | √ | |
蕺叶秋海棠×秀丽秋海棠 B. limprichtii × B. pulchrifolia | 四川峨眉山 Mount Emei, Sichuan | TDK2976 | √ | |
蕺叶秋海棠×存疑种 B. limprichtii × Begonia sp. | 四川峨眉山 Mount Emei, Sichuan | TDK2290 | √ | √ |
裂叶秋海棠×周裂秋海棠 B. palmata × B. circumlobata | 福建尤溪县坂面镇青坑村 Qingkeng, Banmian, Youxi, Fujian | TDK2542 | √ | |
广东惠州罗浮山 Luofushan of Huizhou, Guangdong | FNF006 | √ | ||
裂叶秋海棠×掌叶秋海棠 B. palmata × B. hemsleyana | 云南绿春县三勐乡巴东草果场 Badong, Sanmeng, Lüchun, Yunnan | TDK1255 | √ | |
杂交居群可能亲本组合 Possible parents of natural hybrids | 采集地 Location of collection | 标本采集号 Voucher no. | 分子鉴定 Molecular identification | 基因组大小 Genome size |
云南屏边县至河口县 Between Pingbian and Hekou, Yunnan | TDK1310 | √ | ||
云南绿春县平河乡 Pinghe, Lüchun, Yunnan | TDK2677 | √ | ||
掌裂叶秋海棠×蕺叶秋海棠 B. pedatifida × B. limprichtii | 四川峨眉山 Mount Emei, Sichuan | TDK2747 | √ | |
勐养秋海棠×粗喙秋海棠 B. silletensis subsp. mengyangensis × B. longifolia | 云南勐腊县望天树景区 Wangtianshu Resort of Mengla,Yunnan | TDK362 | √ | |
多变秋海棠×癞叶秋海棠 B. variifolia × B. leprosa | 广西东兰县新烟村 Xinyan, Donglan, Guangxi | TDK1428 | √ | |
变色秋海棠×掌叶秋海棠 B. versicolor × B. hemsleyana | 云南大围山国家级自然保护区 Daweishan National Nature Reserve, Yunnan | TDK1299 | √ | |
长毛秋海棠×变色秋海棠 B. villifolia × B. versicolor | 云南麻栗坡县猛硐乡小坪寨 Xiaopingzhai, Mengdong, Malipo, Yunnan | TDK1348 | √ | |
云南麻栗坡县豆豉店 Douchidian, Malipo, Yunnan | TDK1378 | √ | ||
长毛秋海棠×变色秋海棠(反向杂交) B. villifolia × B. versicolor (or reverse) | 云南麻栗坡县猛硐乡小坪寨 Xiaopingzhai, Mengdong, Malipo, Yunnan | TDK1349 | √ | |
文山秋海棠×大围山秋海棠 B. wenshanensis × B. daweishanensis | 云南大围山国家级自然保护区 Daweishan National Nature Reserve, Yunnan | TDK1296 | √ |
Table 1 Natural hybrids of Chinese native begonias and their parents for identification (including different populations)
杂交居群可能亲本组合 Possible parents of natural hybrids | 采集地 Location of collection | 标本采集号 Voucher no. | 分子鉴定 Molecular identification | 基因组大小 Genome size |
---|---|---|---|---|
酸味秋海棠×勐养秋海棠 B. acetosella × B. silletensis subsp. mengyangensis | 云南勐腊国家级自然保护区 Mengla National Nature Reserve, Yunnan | TDK354 TDK358 | √ √ | √ |
老挝南塔至勐新县公路 Road between Nanta and Mengxin, Laos | TDK747* | √ | √ | |
歪叶秋海棠×粗喙秋海棠 B. augustinei × B. longifolia | 云南勐养国家级自然保护区 Mengyang National Nature Reserve, Yunnan | ZPS001 | √ | |
周裂秋海棠×裂叶秋海棠 B. circumlobata × B. palmata | 广东信宜县大雾山 Dawushan of Xinyi, Guangdong | TDK868 | √ | |
TDK870 | √ | |||
TDK873 | √ | |||
广东惠州罗浮山 Luofushan of Huizhou, Guangdong | TDK2064 | √ | ||
大围山秋海棠×掌叶秋海棠 B. daweishanensis × B. hemsleyana | 云南大围山国家级自然保护区 Daweishan National Nature Reserve, Yunnan | TDK1306 | √ | |
厚叶秋海棠×酸味秋海棠(粗喙秋海棠) B. dryadis × B. acetosella (B. longifolia) | 云南勐腊县勐远乡 Mengyuan, Mengla,Yunnan | TDK396 | √ | |
厚叶秋海棠×粗喙秋海棠 B. dryadis × B. longifolia | 云南勐腊县望天树景区 Wangtianshu Resort of Mengla,Yunnan | TDK368 | √ | √ |
全柱秋海棠×大理秋海棠 B. grandis subsp. holostyla × B. taliensis | 云南丽江永胜县 Yongsheng, Lijiang, Yunnan | TDK2213 | √ | √ |
掌叶秋海棠×大裂秋海棠 B. hemsleyana × B. macrotoma | 云南绿春县大水沟乡 Dashuigou, Lüchun, Yunnan | TDK264 | √ | |
掌叶秋海棠×裂叶秋海棠 B. hemsleyana × B. palmata | 云南绿春县三勐乡巴东草果场 Badong, Sanmeng, Lüchun, Yunnan | TDK1252 | √ | |
TDK1257 | √ | |||
云南绿春县平河乡 Pinghe, Lüchun, Yunnan | TDK2697 | √ | ||
TDK2697A | √ | |||
掌叶秋海棠×紫叶秋海棠 B. hemsleyana × B. purpureofolia | 云南大围山国家级自然保护区 Daweishan National Nature Reserve, Yunnan | TDK1303 | √ | |
掌叶秋海棠×倒鳞秋海棠 B. hemsleyana × B. reflexisquamosa | 云南绿春县三勐乡巴东草果场 Badong, Sanmeng, Lüchun, Yunnan | TDK1251 | √ | |
掌叶秋海棠×变色秋海棠 B. hemsleyana × B. versicolor | 云南麻栗坡县豆豉店 Douchidian, Malipo, Yunnan | TDK1374 | √ | |
掌叶秋海棠×长纤秋海棠 B. hemsleyana × B. longiciliata | 云南绿春县平河乡 Pinghe, Lüchun, Yunnan | TDK2689 | √ | |
蕺叶秋海棠×掌裂叶秋海棠 B. limprichtii × B. pedatifida | 四川峨眉山 Mount Emei, Sichuan | TDK2984 | √ | |
蕺叶秋海棠×秀丽秋海棠 B. limprichtii × B. pulchrifolia | 四川峨眉山 Mount Emei, Sichuan | TDK2976 | √ | |
蕺叶秋海棠×存疑种 B. limprichtii × Begonia sp. | 四川峨眉山 Mount Emei, Sichuan | TDK2290 | √ | √ |
裂叶秋海棠×周裂秋海棠 B. palmata × B. circumlobata | 福建尤溪县坂面镇青坑村 Qingkeng, Banmian, Youxi, Fujian | TDK2542 | √ | |
广东惠州罗浮山 Luofushan of Huizhou, Guangdong | FNF006 | √ | ||
裂叶秋海棠×掌叶秋海棠 B. palmata × B. hemsleyana | 云南绿春县三勐乡巴东草果场 Badong, Sanmeng, Lüchun, Yunnan | TDK1255 | √ | |
杂交居群可能亲本组合 Possible parents of natural hybrids | 采集地 Location of collection | 标本采集号 Voucher no. | 分子鉴定 Molecular identification | 基因组大小 Genome size |
云南屏边县至河口县 Between Pingbian and Hekou, Yunnan | TDK1310 | √ | ||
云南绿春县平河乡 Pinghe, Lüchun, Yunnan | TDK2677 | √ | ||
掌裂叶秋海棠×蕺叶秋海棠 B. pedatifida × B. limprichtii | 四川峨眉山 Mount Emei, Sichuan | TDK2747 | √ | |
勐养秋海棠×粗喙秋海棠 B. silletensis subsp. mengyangensis × B. longifolia | 云南勐腊县望天树景区 Wangtianshu Resort of Mengla,Yunnan | TDK362 | √ | |
多变秋海棠×癞叶秋海棠 B. variifolia × B. leprosa | 广西东兰县新烟村 Xinyan, Donglan, Guangxi | TDK1428 | √ | |
变色秋海棠×掌叶秋海棠 B. versicolor × B. hemsleyana | 云南大围山国家级自然保护区 Daweishan National Nature Reserve, Yunnan | TDK1299 | √ | |
长毛秋海棠×变色秋海棠 B. villifolia × B. versicolor | 云南麻栗坡县猛硐乡小坪寨 Xiaopingzhai, Mengdong, Malipo, Yunnan | TDK1348 | √ | |
云南麻栗坡县豆豉店 Douchidian, Malipo, Yunnan | TDK1378 | √ | ||
长毛秋海棠×变色秋海棠(反向杂交) B. villifolia × B. versicolor (or reverse) | 云南麻栗坡县猛硐乡小坪寨 Xiaopingzhai, Mengdong, Malipo, Yunnan | TDK1349 | √ | |
文山秋海棠×大围山秋海棠 B. wenshanensis × B. daweishanensis | 云南大围山国家级自然保护区 Daweishan National Nature Reserve, Yunnan | TDK1296 | √ |
Fig. 1 Morphological characteristics comparison between natural hybrids and their parents in begonias native to ChinaA, B. acetosella × B. silletensis sbsp. mengyangensis: a. hybrid plant, b. comparison of leaf morphology (top: B. acetosella; middle: hybrid; bottom: B. silletensis subsp. mengyangensis); B, Hybrid (b) of B. circumlotaba (a) and B. longifolia (c); C, Leaf morphological comparison between hybrid (bottom) and its parental species, B. circumlobata (left) and B. palmata (right) (a. upper surface, b. back); D, B. daweishanensis × B. hemsleyana: a. hybrid plant, b. comparison of leaf morphology (top: B. hemsleyana; middle: hybrid; bottom: B. daweishanensis); E, B. dryadis × B. longifolia: a. B. longifolia (left arrow), hybrid (middle arrow), B. dryadis (right arrow); b. reversal cross: B. longifolia (mother plant, upper) and hybrid (lower); F, B. grandis subsp. holostyla (a: right) × B. taliensis (a: left): b. hybrid; c. leaf and floral morphological comparison (top: B. grandis subsp. holostyla; middle: hybrid; bottom: B. taliensis); G, Two hybrids pooled: a. B. longifolia (upper left) × B. hemsleyana (upper right), hybrid (arrow), B. hemsleyana (upper) × B. longiciliata (lower); b. Leaf morphological comparison between hybrid (middle, deeper color in leaf back) and its parents, B. hemsleyana (left) × B. longiciliata (right); H, Hybrid (a: upper arrow) between B. hemsleyana (a: lower arrow) and B. macrotoma (b); I, B. hemsleyana (b: top) × B. purpureofolia (b: bottom): a. hybrid; b. leaf morphological comparison (middle: hybrid); J, B. lacerata (b. hybrid origin) and its tentative parents, B. hemsleyana (a) and B. edulis (c); K, B. hemleyana (b: top) × B. palmata (b: bottom): a. hybrid; b. leaf morphological comparison (middle: hybrid); L, Hybrid (arrow) between B. limprichtii (a: larger patch) × B. pedatifida (b, hybrids also seen from reversal cross); M, Hybrid (arrow) with only one young plant seen between Begonia sp. nov. (right) and B. palmata nearby; N, Hybrid (b) between B. longifolia (a) and B. palmata (c); O, B. malipoensis (hybrid origin: middle) and its parents, B. hemsleyana (left) and B. versicolor (right): including two direction cross; P, B. reflexisquamosa × B. hemsleyana: a. hybrid (upper arrow) nested with its mother plant (B. reflexisquamosa: lower arrow); b. leaf morphological comparison (left: B. reflexisquamosa; upper left: B. hemsleyana; lower right: hybrid); cde. intermediate hair characteristics showing on petiole or stems of hybrid (middle). All the photos were provided by Daike Tian, except of Fig. 1B by Yunhong Tan.
杂种数 Hybrid no. | 自然杂种或组合(母本×父本) Natural hybrid (♀×♂) | 杂种产地及居群数 Location and number of hybrid populations | 发现(发表)时间 Time discovered (published) |
---|---|---|---|
1 | 短葶秋海棠(多变秋海棠×癞叶秋海棠) B. ×breviscapa (B. variifolia × B. leprosa) | 广西东兰1处 Guangxi: Donglan 1 | (Peng et al, 2010) |
2 | 武威秋海棠(裂叶秋海棠×台湾秋海棠) B. ×buimontana (B. palmata × B. taiwaniana) | 台湾屏东2、高雄1、嘉义1 Taiwan: Pingdong 2, Gaoxiong 1, Jiayi 1 | (Peng & Chen, 1991) |
3 | 钟氏秋海棠(裂叶秋海棠×粗喙秋海棠) B. ×chungii (B. palmata × B. longifolia) | 台湾南投2 Taiwan: Nantou 2 | (Peng & Ku, 2009) |
4 | 台北秋海棠(水鸦脚×粗喙秋海棠) B. ×taipeiensis (B. formosana × B. longfifolia) | 台湾台北2 Taiwan: Taipei 2 | (Peng & Sue, 2000) |
5 | 玉柄秋海棠×掌裂叶秋海棠 B. rubinea × B. pedatifida | 贵州习水1 Guizhou: Xishui 1 | (Li et al, 2005) |
6 | 酸味秋海棠×勐养秋海棠 B. acetosella × B. sillentensis subsp. mengyangensis | 云南勐腊3 Yunnan: Mengla 3 | 1997, 2012, 2015 |
7 | 歪叶秋海棠×粗喙秋海棠 B. augustinei × B. longifolia | 云南勐腊1 Yunnan: Mengla 1 | 2015 |
8 | 周裂秋海棠×粗喙秋海棠 B. circumlobata × B. longifolia | 广西那坡1 Guangxi: Napo 1 | 2015 |
9 | 周裂秋海棠×裂叶秋海棠 B. circumlobata × B. palmata | 广东信宜2、惠州1; 福建尤溪1 Guangdong: Xinyi 2, Huizhou 1; Fujian: Youxi 1 | 2014 |
10 | 大围山秋海棠×掌叶秋海棠 B. daweishanensis × B. hemsleyana | 云南屏边1 Yunnan: Pingbian 1 | 2014 |
11 | 厚叶秋海棠×酸味秋海棠 B. dryadis × B. acetosella | 云南勐腊1 Yunnan: Mengla 1 | 2012 |
12 | 厚叶秋海棠×粗喙秋海棠 B. dryadis × B. longifolia | 云南勐腊1 Yunnan: Mengla 1 | 2012 |
13 | 全柱秋海棠×大理秋海棠 B. grandis subsp. holostyla × B. taliensis | 云南永胜2 Yunnan: Yongsheng 2 | 2014 |
14 | 香花秋海棠×酸味秋海棠 B. handelii × B. acetosella | 云南勐腊2、澜沧1、临沧1 Yunnan: Mengla 2, Lancang 1, Lincang 1 | 1997, 2012, 2015 |
15 | 掌叶秋海棠×食用秋海棠 B. hemsleyana × B. edulis | 云南屏边1 Yunnan: Pingbian 1 | 1939* |
16 | 掌叶秋海棠×长纤秋海棠 B. hemsleyana × B. longiciliata | 云南绿春1 Yunnan: Lüchun 1 | 2015 |
17 | 掌叶秋海棠×粗喙秋海棠 B. hemsleyana × B. longifolia | 云南绿春1 Yunnan: Lüchun 1 | 2015 |
18 | 掌叶秋海棠×大裂秋海棠 B. hemsleyana × B. macrotoma | 云南绿春1 Yunnan: Lüchun 1 | 2012 |
19 | 掌叶秋海棠×裂叶秋海棠 B. hemsleyana × B. palmata | 云南绿春2 Yunnan: Lüchun 2 | 2013, 2015 |
20 | 掌叶秋海棠×紫叶秋海棠 B. hemsleyana × B. purpureofolia | 云南屏边1 Yunnan: Pingbian 1 | 2012 |
21 | 掌叶秋海棠×倒鳞秋海棠 B. hemsleyana × B. reflexisquamosa | 云南绿春1 Yunnan: Lüchun 1 | 2013 |
22 | 蕺叶秋海棠×掌裂叶秋海棠 B. limprichtii × B. pedatifida | 四川峨眉山2 Sichuan: Mount Emei 2 | 2014, 2016, 2017 |
23 | 蕺叶秋海棠×秀丽秋海棠 B. limprichtii × B. pulchrifolia | 四川峨眉山1 Sichuan: Mount Emei 1 | 2016 |
24 | 长纤秋海棠×食用秋海棠 B. longiciliata × B. edulis | 云南勐腊西双版纳热带植物园1 Yunnan: XSBN Tropical Botanical Garden 1 | 2015 |
25 | 长纤秋海棠×厚叶秋海棠 B. longiciliata × B. dryadis | 云南勐腊西双版纳热带植物园1 Yunnan: XSBN Tropical Botanical Garden 1 | 2015 |
26 | 粗喙秋海棠×裂叶秋海棠 B. longifolia × B. palmata | 广西上思1、武鸣1 Guangxi: Shangsi 1, Wuming 1 | 2014, 2016 |
27 | 粗喙秋海棠×勐养秋海棠 B. longifolia × B. silletensis subsp. mengyangensis | 西藏墨脱1 Tibet: Motuo 1 | 2012 (存疑Possible) |
28 | 新种×裂叶秋海棠 Begonia sp. nov. × B. palmata | 广西防城港1 Guangxi: Fangchenggang 1 | 2013 |
29 | 变色秋海棠×掌叶秋海棠 B. versicolor × B. hemsleyana | 云南屏边3、麻栗坡2 Yunnan: Pingbian 3, Malipo 2 | 1996 |
30 | 变色秋海棠×长毛秋海棠 B. versicolor × B. villifolia | 云南麻栗坡2 Yunnan: Malipo 2 | 1997 |
31 | 文山秋海棠×大围山秋海棠 B. wenshanensis × B. daweishanensis | 云南屏边1 Yunnan: Pingbian 1 | 2014 |
Table 2 Natural hybrids (crosses) in begonias native to China (the reciprocal crosses considered as same hybrid)
杂种数 Hybrid no. | 自然杂种或组合(母本×父本) Natural hybrid (♀×♂) | 杂种产地及居群数 Location and number of hybrid populations | 发现(发表)时间 Time discovered (published) |
---|---|---|---|
1 | 短葶秋海棠(多变秋海棠×癞叶秋海棠) B. ×breviscapa (B. variifolia × B. leprosa) | 广西东兰1处 Guangxi: Donglan 1 | (Peng et al, 2010) |
2 | 武威秋海棠(裂叶秋海棠×台湾秋海棠) B. ×buimontana (B. palmata × B. taiwaniana) | 台湾屏东2、高雄1、嘉义1 Taiwan: Pingdong 2, Gaoxiong 1, Jiayi 1 | (Peng & Chen, 1991) |
3 | 钟氏秋海棠(裂叶秋海棠×粗喙秋海棠) B. ×chungii (B. palmata × B. longifolia) | 台湾南投2 Taiwan: Nantou 2 | (Peng & Ku, 2009) |
4 | 台北秋海棠(水鸦脚×粗喙秋海棠) B. ×taipeiensis (B. formosana × B. longfifolia) | 台湾台北2 Taiwan: Taipei 2 | (Peng & Sue, 2000) |
5 | 玉柄秋海棠×掌裂叶秋海棠 B. rubinea × B. pedatifida | 贵州习水1 Guizhou: Xishui 1 | (Li et al, 2005) |
6 | 酸味秋海棠×勐养秋海棠 B. acetosella × B. sillentensis subsp. mengyangensis | 云南勐腊3 Yunnan: Mengla 3 | 1997, 2012, 2015 |
7 | 歪叶秋海棠×粗喙秋海棠 B. augustinei × B. longifolia | 云南勐腊1 Yunnan: Mengla 1 | 2015 |
8 | 周裂秋海棠×粗喙秋海棠 B. circumlobata × B. longifolia | 广西那坡1 Guangxi: Napo 1 | 2015 |
9 | 周裂秋海棠×裂叶秋海棠 B. circumlobata × B. palmata | 广东信宜2、惠州1; 福建尤溪1 Guangdong: Xinyi 2, Huizhou 1; Fujian: Youxi 1 | 2014 |
10 | 大围山秋海棠×掌叶秋海棠 B. daweishanensis × B. hemsleyana | 云南屏边1 Yunnan: Pingbian 1 | 2014 |
11 | 厚叶秋海棠×酸味秋海棠 B. dryadis × B. acetosella | 云南勐腊1 Yunnan: Mengla 1 | 2012 |
12 | 厚叶秋海棠×粗喙秋海棠 B. dryadis × B. longifolia | 云南勐腊1 Yunnan: Mengla 1 | 2012 |
13 | 全柱秋海棠×大理秋海棠 B. grandis subsp. holostyla × B. taliensis | 云南永胜2 Yunnan: Yongsheng 2 | 2014 |
14 | 香花秋海棠×酸味秋海棠 B. handelii × B. acetosella | 云南勐腊2、澜沧1、临沧1 Yunnan: Mengla 2, Lancang 1, Lincang 1 | 1997, 2012, 2015 |
15 | 掌叶秋海棠×食用秋海棠 B. hemsleyana × B. edulis | 云南屏边1 Yunnan: Pingbian 1 | 1939* |
16 | 掌叶秋海棠×长纤秋海棠 B. hemsleyana × B. longiciliata | 云南绿春1 Yunnan: Lüchun 1 | 2015 |
17 | 掌叶秋海棠×粗喙秋海棠 B. hemsleyana × B. longifolia | 云南绿春1 Yunnan: Lüchun 1 | 2015 |
18 | 掌叶秋海棠×大裂秋海棠 B. hemsleyana × B. macrotoma | 云南绿春1 Yunnan: Lüchun 1 | 2012 |
19 | 掌叶秋海棠×裂叶秋海棠 B. hemsleyana × B. palmata | 云南绿春2 Yunnan: Lüchun 2 | 2013, 2015 |
20 | 掌叶秋海棠×紫叶秋海棠 B. hemsleyana × B. purpureofolia | 云南屏边1 Yunnan: Pingbian 1 | 2012 |
21 | 掌叶秋海棠×倒鳞秋海棠 B. hemsleyana × B. reflexisquamosa | 云南绿春1 Yunnan: Lüchun 1 | 2013 |
22 | 蕺叶秋海棠×掌裂叶秋海棠 B. limprichtii × B. pedatifida | 四川峨眉山2 Sichuan: Mount Emei 2 | 2014, 2016, 2017 |
23 | 蕺叶秋海棠×秀丽秋海棠 B. limprichtii × B. pulchrifolia | 四川峨眉山1 Sichuan: Mount Emei 1 | 2016 |
24 | 长纤秋海棠×食用秋海棠 B. longiciliata × B. edulis | 云南勐腊西双版纳热带植物园1 Yunnan: XSBN Tropical Botanical Garden 1 | 2015 |
25 | 长纤秋海棠×厚叶秋海棠 B. longiciliata × B. dryadis | 云南勐腊西双版纳热带植物园1 Yunnan: XSBN Tropical Botanical Garden 1 | 2015 |
26 | 粗喙秋海棠×裂叶秋海棠 B. longifolia × B. palmata | 广西上思1、武鸣1 Guangxi: Shangsi 1, Wuming 1 | 2014, 2016 |
27 | 粗喙秋海棠×勐养秋海棠 B. longifolia × B. silletensis subsp. mengyangensis | 西藏墨脱1 Tibet: Motuo 1 | 2012 (存疑Possible) |
28 | 新种×裂叶秋海棠 Begonia sp. nov. × B. palmata | 广西防城港1 Guangxi: Fangchenggang 1 | 2013 |
29 | 变色秋海棠×掌叶秋海棠 B. versicolor × B. hemsleyana | 云南屏边3、麻栗坡2 Yunnan: Pingbian 3, Malipo 2 | 1996 |
30 | 变色秋海棠×长毛秋海棠 B. versicolor × B. villifolia | 云南麻栗坡2 Yunnan: Malipo 2 | 1997 |
31 | 文山秋海棠×大围山秋海棠 B. wenshanensis × B. daweishanensis | 云南屏边1 Yunnan: Pingbian 1 | 2014 |
编号 No. | 种名 Species name | 组名 Section | 自然杂交发生地点及杂交居群数 Occurrence location and population number |
---|---|---|---|
1 | 酸味秋海棠 B. acetosella | 无翅组 Sect. Sphenanthera | 云南勐腊4、澜沧1、临沧1、绿春1 Yunnan: Mengla 4, Lancang 1, Lincang 1, Lüchun 1 |
2 | 歪叶秋海棠 B. augustinei | 扁果组 Sect. Platycentrum | 云南勐海1 Yunnan: Menghai 1 |
3 | 周裂秋海棠 B. circumlobata | 扁果组 Sect. Platycentrum | 广东信宜1、惠州1; 广西那坡1; 福建尤溪1 Guangdong: Xinyi 1, Huizhou 1; Guangxi: Napo 1; Fujian: Youxi 1 |
4 | 厚叶秋海棠 B. dryadis | 扁果组 Sect. Platycentrum | 云南勐腊3 Yunnan: Mengla 3 |
5 | 食用秋海棠 B. edulis | 扁果组 Sect. Platycentrum | 云南勐腊1、屏边1 Yunnan: Mengla 1, Pingbian 1 |
6 | 水鸭脚 B. formosana | 扁果组 Sect. Platycentrum | 台湾1 Taiwan: 1 |
7 | 全柱秋海棠 B. grandis subsp. holostyla | 东亚秋海棠组 Sect. Diploclinium | 云南永胜1 Yunnan: Yongsheng 1 |
8 | 香花秋海棠 B. handelii | 无翅组 Sect. Sphenanthera | 云南勐腊2、澜沧1、临沧1 Yunnan: Mengla 2, Lancang 1, Lincang 1 |
9 | 掌叶秋海棠 B. hemsleyana | 扁果组 Sect. Platycentrum | 云南屏边5、绿春2、麻栗坡2 Yunnan: Pingbian 5, Lüchun 2, Malipo 2 |
10 | 癞叶秋海棠 B. leprosa | 棒果组 Sect. Leprosae | 广西东兰1 Guangxi: Donglan 1 |
11 | 蕺叶秋海棠 B. limprichtii | 扁果组 Sect. Platycentrum | 四川峨眉山2 Sichuan: Mount Emei 2 |
12 | 长纤秋海棠 B. longiciliata | 扁果组 Sect. Platycentrum | 云南绿春1、勐腊1 Yunnan: Lüchun 1, Mengla 1 |
13 | 粗喙秋海棠 B. longifolia | 东亚秋海棠组 Sect. Diploclinium | 云南勐腊2、绿春2; 广西那坡1、上思1; 台湾2; 西藏墨脱1 Yunnan: Mengla 2, Lüchun 2; Guangxi: Napo 1, Shangsi 1; Taiwan: 2; Tibet: Motuo 1 |
14 | 大裂秋海棠 B. macrotoma | 扁果组 Sect. Platycentrum | 云南绿春2 Yunnan: Lüchun 2 |
15 | 裂叶秋海棠 B. palmata | 扁果组 Sect. Platycentrum | 台湾6; 云南绿春2、屏边1; 广东信宜2、惠州1; 广西上思1、防城港1、武鸣1; 福建尤溪1 Taiwan: 6; Yunnan: Lüchun 2, Pingbian 1; Guangdong: Xinyi 2, Huizhou 1; Guangxi: Shangsi 1, Fangchenggang 1, Wuming 1; Fujian: Youxi 1 |
16 | 掌裂秋海棠 B. pedatifida | 扁果组 Sect. Platycentrum | 四川峨眉山2 Sichuan: Mount Emei 2 |
17 | 秀丽秋海棠 B. pulchrifolia | 扁果组 Sect. Platycentrum | 四川峨眉山1 Sichuan: Mount Emei 1 |
18 | 紫叶秋海棠 B. purprueofolia | 扁果组 Sect. Platycentrum | 云南屏边1 Yunnan: Pingbian 1 |
19 | 倒鳞秋海棠 B. reflexisquamosa | 扁果组 Sect. Platycentrum | 云南绿春2 Yunnan: Lüchun 2 |
20 | 玉柄秋海棠 B. rubinea | 扁果组 Sect. Platycentrum | 贵州习水1 Guizhou: Xishui 1 |
21 | 厚壁秋海棠 B. silletensis subsp. silletensis | 无翅组 Sect. Sphenanthera | 西藏墨脱1 Tibet: Motuo 1 |
22 | 勐养秋海棠 B. silletensis subsp. mengyangensis | 无翅组 Sect. Sphenanthera | 云南勐腊4 Yunnan: Mengla 4 |
23 | 台湾秋海棠 B. taiwaniana | 东亚秋海棠组 Sect. Diploclinium | 台湾1 Taiwan: 1 |
24 | 大理秋海棠 B. taliensis | 东亚秋海棠组 Sect. Diploclinium | 云南永胜1 Yunnan: Yongsheng 1 |
25 | 多变秋海棠 B. variifolia | 侧膜组 Sect. Coelocentrum | 广西东兰1 Guangxi: Donglan 1 |
26 | 变色秋海棠 B. versicolor | 扁果组 Sect. Platycentrum | 云南屏边3、麻栗坡2 Yunnan: Pingbian 3, Malipo 2 |
27 | 长毛秋海棠 B. villifolia | 扁果组 Sect. Platycentrum | 云南麻栗坡2 Yunnan: Malipo 2 |
28 | 文山秋海棠 B. wenshanensis | 东亚秋海棠组 Sect. Diploclinium | 云南屏边2、文山1 (疑似) Yunnan: Pingbian 2, Wenshan 1 (possible) |
29 | 新种(待发表) Begonia sp. nov. | 扁果组 Sect. Platycentrum | 广西防城港1 Guangxi: Fangchenggang 1 |
Table 3 Species and occurrence frequency of natural hybridization in Chinese begonias
编号 No. | 种名 Species name | 组名 Section | 自然杂交发生地点及杂交居群数 Occurrence location and population number |
---|---|---|---|
1 | 酸味秋海棠 B. acetosella | 无翅组 Sect. Sphenanthera | 云南勐腊4、澜沧1、临沧1、绿春1 Yunnan: Mengla 4, Lancang 1, Lincang 1, Lüchun 1 |
2 | 歪叶秋海棠 B. augustinei | 扁果组 Sect. Platycentrum | 云南勐海1 Yunnan: Menghai 1 |
3 | 周裂秋海棠 B. circumlobata | 扁果组 Sect. Platycentrum | 广东信宜1、惠州1; 广西那坡1; 福建尤溪1 Guangdong: Xinyi 1, Huizhou 1; Guangxi: Napo 1; Fujian: Youxi 1 |
4 | 厚叶秋海棠 B. dryadis | 扁果组 Sect. Platycentrum | 云南勐腊3 Yunnan: Mengla 3 |
5 | 食用秋海棠 B. edulis | 扁果组 Sect. Platycentrum | 云南勐腊1、屏边1 Yunnan: Mengla 1, Pingbian 1 |
6 | 水鸭脚 B. formosana | 扁果组 Sect. Platycentrum | 台湾1 Taiwan: 1 |
7 | 全柱秋海棠 B. grandis subsp. holostyla | 东亚秋海棠组 Sect. Diploclinium | 云南永胜1 Yunnan: Yongsheng 1 |
8 | 香花秋海棠 B. handelii | 无翅组 Sect. Sphenanthera | 云南勐腊2、澜沧1、临沧1 Yunnan: Mengla 2, Lancang 1, Lincang 1 |
9 | 掌叶秋海棠 B. hemsleyana | 扁果组 Sect. Platycentrum | 云南屏边5、绿春2、麻栗坡2 Yunnan: Pingbian 5, Lüchun 2, Malipo 2 |
10 | 癞叶秋海棠 B. leprosa | 棒果组 Sect. Leprosae | 广西东兰1 Guangxi: Donglan 1 |
11 | 蕺叶秋海棠 B. limprichtii | 扁果组 Sect. Platycentrum | 四川峨眉山2 Sichuan: Mount Emei 2 |
12 | 长纤秋海棠 B. longiciliata | 扁果组 Sect. Platycentrum | 云南绿春1、勐腊1 Yunnan: Lüchun 1, Mengla 1 |
13 | 粗喙秋海棠 B. longifolia | 东亚秋海棠组 Sect. Diploclinium | 云南勐腊2、绿春2; 广西那坡1、上思1; 台湾2; 西藏墨脱1 Yunnan: Mengla 2, Lüchun 2; Guangxi: Napo 1, Shangsi 1; Taiwan: 2; Tibet: Motuo 1 |
14 | 大裂秋海棠 B. macrotoma | 扁果组 Sect. Platycentrum | 云南绿春2 Yunnan: Lüchun 2 |
15 | 裂叶秋海棠 B. palmata | 扁果组 Sect. Platycentrum | 台湾6; 云南绿春2、屏边1; 广东信宜2、惠州1; 广西上思1、防城港1、武鸣1; 福建尤溪1 Taiwan: 6; Yunnan: Lüchun 2, Pingbian 1; Guangdong: Xinyi 2, Huizhou 1; Guangxi: Shangsi 1, Fangchenggang 1, Wuming 1; Fujian: Youxi 1 |
16 | 掌裂秋海棠 B. pedatifida | 扁果组 Sect. Platycentrum | 四川峨眉山2 Sichuan: Mount Emei 2 |
17 | 秀丽秋海棠 B. pulchrifolia | 扁果组 Sect. Platycentrum | 四川峨眉山1 Sichuan: Mount Emei 1 |
18 | 紫叶秋海棠 B. purprueofolia | 扁果组 Sect. Platycentrum | 云南屏边1 Yunnan: Pingbian 1 |
19 | 倒鳞秋海棠 B. reflexisquamosa | 扁果组 Sect. Platycentrum | 云南绿春2 Yunnan: Lüchun 2 |
20 | 玉柄秋海棠 B. rubinea | 扁果组 Sect. Platycentrum | 贵州习水1 Guizhou: Xishui 1 |
21 | 厚壁秋海棠 B. silletensis subsp. silletensis | 无翅组 Sect. Sphenanthera | 西藏墨脱1 Tibet: Motuo 1 |
22 | 勐养秋海棠 B. silletensis subsp. mengyangensis | 无翅组 Sect. Sphenanthera | 云南勐腊4 Yunnan: Mengla 4 |
23 | 台湾秋海棠 B. taiwaniana | 东亚秋海棠组 Sect. Diploclinium | 台湾1 Taiwan: 1 |
24 | 大理秋海棠 B. taliensis | 东亚秋海棠组 Sect. Diploclinium | 云南永胜1 Yunnan: Yongsheng 1 |
25 | 多变秋海棠 B. variifolia | 侧膜组 Sect. Coelocentrum | 广西东兰1 Guangxi: Donglan 1 |
26 | 变色秋海棠 B. versicolor | 扁果组 Sect. Platycentrum | 云南屏边3、麻栗坡2 Yunnan: Pingbian 3, Malipo 2 |
27 | 长毛秋海棠 B. villifolia | 扁果组 Sect. Platycentrum | 云南麻栗坡2 Yunnan: Malipo 2 |
28 | 文山秋海棠 B. wenshanensis | 东亚秋海棠组 Sect. Diploclinium | 云南屏边2、文山1 (疑似) Yunnan: Pingbian 2, Wenshan 1 (possible) |
29 | 新种(待发表) Begonia sp. nov. | 扁果组 Sect. Platycentrum | 广西防城港1 Guangxi: Fangchenggang 1 |
种名 Species name | 参与杂交种类及数量Species involved in natural cross | 杂交发生地点 Location of hybridization occurrence | 杂交发生频率高的理由 Reasons for high frequency of natural hybridization |
---|---|---|---|
掌叶秋海棠 B. hemsleyana | 8 | (1)云南、广西南部局部分布较广的种类, 所在分布区为国产秋海棠分布比较集中的地区, 种类多, 重叠概率大; (2)花期较长6-11月; (3)植株较高: 为直立茎类, 利于昆虫传粉。 (1) Widely distributed with higher chance of habitat overlapping in some regions of Yunnan and Guangxi provinces with rich begonia species; (2) Long flowering time from June to November; (3) Relatively taller plants benefiting visiting of pollinators. | |
食用秋海棠 B. edulis | 云南屏边 Pingbian, Yunnan | ||
粗喙秋海棠 B. longifolia | 云南绿春 Lüchun, Yunnan | ||
大裂秋海棠 B. macrotoma | 云南绿春 Lüchun, Yunnan | ||
裂叶秋海棠 B. palmata | 云南绿春 Lüchun, Yunnan | ||
紫叶秋海棠 B. purpureofolia | 云南屏边 Pingbian, Yunnan | ||
倒鳞秋海棠 B. reflexisquamosa | 云南绿春 Lüchun, Yunnan | ||
长纤秋海棠 B. longiciliata | 云南绿春 Lüchun, Yunnan | ||
变色秋海棠 B. versicolor | 云南屏边、麻栗坡 Pingbian and Malipo, Yunnan | ||
粗喙秋海棠 B. longifolia | 7 | (1)分布范围广, 为该属跨国分布最广种类之一, 仅次于裂叶秋海棠 B. plamata; (2)花期长: 5-12月; (3)植株高: 为直立茎、亚灌木类, 利于昆虫传粉。 (1) The second most widely distributed species only next to B. palmata; (2) Long flowering time from May to December; (3) Relatively taller subshrub benefiting pollinator visiting. | |
歪叶秋海棠 B. augustinei | 云南勐腊 Mengla,Yunnan | ||
周裂秋海棠 B. circumlobata | 广西那坡 Napo, Guangxi | ||
厚叶秋海棠 B. dryadis | 云南勐腊 Mengla,Yunnan | ||
水鸭脚 B. formosana | 台湾 Taiwan | ||
掌叶秋海棠 B. hemsleyana | 云南绿春 Lüchun, Yunnan | ||
裂叶秋海棠 B. palmata | 台湾、云南绿春、广西上思Taiwan; Lüchun, Yunnan; Shangsi, Guangxi | ||
厚壁秋海棠 B. silletensis | 西藏墨脱 Motuo, Tibet | ||
裂叶秋海棠 B. palmata | 5 | (1)分布范围最广, 为该属在国内和跨国分布最广种类; (2)该种适应性强, 居群多、范围及密度大、个体数多, 因此, 同其他种类重叠分布频率高; (3)花期长: 5-12月; (4)植株较高: 为直立茎类, 利于昆虫传粉。 (1) The most widely distributed species in Begonia; (2) High adaptation to environment, populations are large in number and usually in size and high density resulting in high frequency of habitat overlapping with other species; (3) Long flowering time from May to December; (4) Relatively taller plants benefiting pollinator visiting. | |
台湾秋海棠 B. taiwaniana | 台湾 Taiwan | ||
粗喙秋海棠 B. longifolia | 台湾、广西上思 Taiwan; Shangsi, Guangxi | ||
周裂秋海棠 B. circumlobata | 广东信宜、惠州; 福建尤溪 Xinyi, Huizhou and Guangdong; Youxi, Fujian | ||
掌叶秋海棠 B. hemsleyana | 云南绿春 Lüchun, Yunnan | ||
新种 Begonia sp. nov. | 广西防城港 Fangchenggang, Guangxi | ||
酸味秋海棠 B. acetosella | 3 | (1)分布范围相对窄, 限于西双版纳州及邻近地区, 但常同本组的香花秋海棠、勐养秋海棠和扁果组的厚叶秋海棠伴生; (2)为直立茎类、植株高, 利于昆虫传粉; (3)同属组花具有香味, 有利于吸引昆虫传粉。 (1) Narrowly distributed but frequently overlapped with habitats of other species (B. handelii, B. silletensis subsp. mengyangensis) in the same section and B. dryadis; (2) Shrub-like plants erect and tall to benefit pollinator visiting; (3) Flowers with strong fragrance to facilitate attracting pollinators. | |
厚叶秋海棠 B. dryadis | 云南勐腊 Mengla,Yunnan | ||
香花秋海棠 B. handelii | 云南勐腊、澜沧、临沧Mengla, Lancang and Lincang, Yunnan | ||
勐养秋海棠 B. sillentensis subsp. mengyangensis | 云南勐腊 Mengla,Yunnan | ||
长纤秋海棠 B. longiciliata | 3 | (1)分布范围相对狭窄, 限于云南绿春、江城等中越边境地区, 但该地区种类相对丰富; (2)西双版纳热带植物园栽培多种于热带雨林, 导致自然杂交。 (1) Narrowly distributed but frequently overlapped with relatively rich species in habitat in the border regions between Lüchun and Jiangcheng of Yunnan, China and Vietnam; (2) Natural cross also occurred in ex situ conservation site under the tropical rain forest of Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden. | |
掌叶秋海棠 B. hemsleyana | 云南绿春 Lüchun, Yunnan | ||
食用秋海棠 B. edulis | 云南勐腊西双版纳热带植物园XishuangbannaTropical Botanical Garden, Mengla, Yunnan | ||
厚叶秋海棠 B. dryadis | 云南勐腊西双版纳热带植物园 Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Mengla, Yunnan |
Table 4 Species with the highest frequency of natural cross in Chinese native begonias
种名 Species name | 参与杂交种类及数量Species involved in natural cross | 杂交发生地点 Location of hybridization occurrence | 杂交发生频率高的理由 Reasons for high frequency of natural hybridization |
---|---|---|---|
掌叶秋海棠 B. hemsleyana | 8 | (1)云南、广西南部局部分布较广的种类, 所在分布区为国产秋海棠分布比较集中的地区, 种类多, 重叠概率大; (2)花期较长6-11月; (3)植株较高: 为直立茎类, 利于昆虫传粉。 (1) Widely distributed with higher chance of habitat overlapping in some regions of Yunnan and Guangxi provinces with rich begonia species; (2) Long flowering time from June to November; (3) Relatively taller plants benefiting visiting of pollinators. | |
食用秋海棠 B. edulis | 云南屏边 Pingbian, Yunnan | ||
粗喙秋海棠 B. longifolia | 云南绿春 Lüchun, Yunnan | ||
大裂秋海棠 B. macrotoma | 云南绿春 Lüchun, Yunnan | ||
裂叶秋海棠 B. palmata | 云南绿春 Lüchun, Yunnan | ||
紫叶秋海棠 B. purpureofolia | 云南屏边 Pingbian, Yunnan | ||
倒鳞秋海棠 B. reflexisquamosa | 云南绿春 Lüchun, Yunnan | ||
长纤秋海棠 B. longiciliata | 云南绿春 Lüchun, Yunnan | ||
变色秋海棠 B. versicolor | 云南屏边、麻栗坡 Pingbian and Malipo, Yunnan | ||
粗喙秋海棠 B. longifolia | 7 | (1)分布范围广, 为该属跨国分布最广种类之一, 仅次于裂叶秋海棠 B. plamata; (2)花期长: 5-12月; (3)植株高: 为直立茎、亚灌木类, 利于昆虫传粉。 (1) The second most widely distributed species only next to B. palmata; (2) Long flowering time from May to December; (3) Relatively taller subshrub benefiting pollinator visiting. | |
歪叶秋海棠 B. augustinei | 云南勐腊 Mengla,Yunnan | ||
周裂秋海棠 B. circumlobata | 广西那坡 Napo, Guangxi | ||
厚叶秋海棠 B. dryadis | 云南勐腊 Mengla,Yunnan | ||
水鸭脚 B. formosana | 台湾 Taiwan | ||
掌叶秋海棠 B. hemsleyana | 云南绿春 Lüchun, Yunnan | ||
裂叶秋海棠 B. palmata | 台湾、云南绿春、广西上思Taiwan; Lüchun, Yunnan; Shangsi, Guangxi | ||
厚壁秋海棠 B. silletensis | 西藏墨脱 Motuo, Tibet | ||
裂叶秋海棠 B. palmata | 5 | (1)分布范围最广, 为该属在国内和跨国分布最广种类; (2)该种适应性强, 居群多、范围及密度大、个体数多, 因此, 同其他种类重叠分布频率高; (3)花期长: 5-12月; (4)植株较高: 为直立茎类, 利于昆虫传粉。 (1) The most widely distributed species in Begonia; (2) High adaptation to environment, populations are large in number and usually in size and high density resulting in high frequency of habitat overlapping with other species; (3) Long flowering time from May to December; (4) Relatively taller plants benefiting pollinator visiting. | |
台湾秋海棠 B. taiwaniana | 台湾 Taiwan | ||
粗喙秋海棠 B. longifolia | 台湾、广西上思 Taiwan; Shangsi, Guangxi | ||
周裂秋海棠 B. circumlobata | 广东信宜、惠州; 福建尤溪 Xinyi, Huizhou and Guangdong; Youxi, Fujian | ||
掌叶秋海棠 B. hemsleyana | 云南绿春 Lüchun, Yunnan | ||
新种 Begonia sp. nov. | 广西防城港 Fangchenggang, Guangxi | ||
酸味秋海棠 B. acetosella | 3 | (1)分布范围相对窄, 限于西双版纳州及邻近地区, 但常同本组的香花秋海棠、勐养秋海棠和扁果组的厚叶秋海棠伴生; (2)为直立茎类、植株高, 利于昆虫传粉; (3)同属组花具有香味, 有利于吸引昆虫传粉。 (1) Narrowly distributed but frequently overlapped with habitats of other species (B. handelii, B. silletensis subsp. mengyangensis) in the same section and B. dryadis; (2) Shrub-like plants erect and tall to benefit pollinator visiting; (3) Flowers with strong fragrance to facilitate attracting pollinators. | |
厚叶秋海棠 B. dryadis | 云南勐腊 Mengla,Yunnan | ||
香花秋海棠 B. handelii | 云南勐腊、澜沧、临沧Mengla, Lancang and Lincang, Yunnan | ||
勐养秋海棠 B. sillentensis subsp. mengyangensis | 云南勐腊 Mengla,Yunnan | ||
长纤秋海棠 B. longiciliata | 3 | (1)分布范围相对狭窄, 限于云南绿春、江城等中越边境地区, 但该地区种类相对丰富; (2)西双版纳热带植物园栽培多种于热带雨林, 导致自然杂交。 (1) Narrowly distributed but frequently overlapped with relatively rich species in habitat in the border regions between Lüchun and Jiangcheng of Yunnan, China and Vietnam; (2) Natural cross also occurred in ex situ conservation site under the tropical rain forest of Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden. | |
掌叶秋海棠 B. hemsleyana | 云南绿春 Lüchun, Yunnan | ||
食用秋海棠 B. edulis | 云南勐腊西双版纳热带植物园XishuangbannaTropical Botanical Garden, Mengla, Yunnan | ||
厚叶秋海棠 B. dryadis | 云南勐腊西双版纳热带植物园 Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Mengla, Yunnan |
Fig. 2 Occurrence and distribution pattern of natural hybridization of begonias in China (solid dots: hybrid populations not including the hybrids in South Tibet)
标本采集号 Voucher no. | ITS | 叶绿体基因 Chloroplast genes | 标本采集号 Voucher no. | ITS | 叶绿体基因 Chloroplast genes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
TDK244 | √ | √ | TDK1296 | × | × |
TDK264 | √ | √ | TDK1299 | √ | √ |
TDK354 | × | × | TDK1303 | √ | × |
TDK358 | × | × | TDK1306 | √ | × |
TDK362 | √ | √ | TDK1310 | × | √ |
TDK368 | × | × | TDK1348 | × | × |
TDK396 | √ | √ | TDK1349 | × | × |
TDK868 | √ | × | TDK1374 | √ | √ |
TDK870 | √ | × | TDK1378 | × | √ |
TDK873 | √ | × | TDK1428 | × | √ |
TDK1251 | √ | √ | TDK2064 | √ | √ |
TDK1252 | √ | × | TDK2213 | × | √ |
TDK1255 | √ | × | TDK2290 | × | × |
TDK1257 | √ | × | ZPS001 | √ | √ |
Table 5 Identification of Chinese native begonia hybrids and their parents by ITS and chloroplast genes
标本采集号 Voucher no. | ITS | 叶绿体基因 Chloroplast genes | 标本采集号 Voucher no. | ITS | 叶绿体基因 Chloroplast genes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
TDK244 | √ | √ | TDK1296 | × | × |
TDK264 | √ | √ | TDK1299 | √ | √ |
TDK354 | × | × | TDK1303 | √ | × |
TDK358 | × | × | TDK1306 | √ | × |
TDK362 | √ | √ | TDK1310 | × | √ |
TDK368 | × | × | TDK1348 | × | × |
TDK396 | √ | √ | TDK1349 | × | × |
TDK868 | √ | × | TDK1374 | √ | √ |
TDK870 | √ | × | TDK1378 | × | √ |
TDK873 | √ | × | TDK1428 | × | √ |
TDK1251 | √ | √ | TDK2064 | √ | √ |
TDK1252 | √ | × | TDK2213 | × | √ |
TDK1255 | √ | × | TDK2290 | × | × |
TDK1257 | √ | × | ZPS001 | √ | √ |
杂种采集号 Collect. no. of hybrid | 母本 Mother species | 父本Father species | 2C值 2C value | 相对误差 Relative error (%) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
采集号 Collect. no. | 物种 Species | 采集号 Collect. no. | 物种 Species | 母本 Mother species | 父本 Father species | 杂种理论Theoretical of hybrid | 杂种实测Measured of hybrid | ||
TDK354 | TDK355 | 酸味秋海棠 B. acetosella | TDK2645 | 勐养秋海棠 B. silletensis subsp. mengyangensis | 1.098 | 1.116 | 1.107 | 1.109 | 0.22 |
TDK368 | TDK366 | 厚叶秋海棠 B. dryadis | TDK434 | 粗喙秋海棠 B. longifolia | 1.204 | 1.122 | 1.163 | 1.263 | 8.59 |
TDK747 | TDK355 | 酸味秋海棠 B. acetosella | TDK2645 | 勐养秋海棠 B. silletensis subsp. mengyangensis | 1.098 | 1.116 | 1.107 | 1.136 | 2.66 |
TDK2213 | TDK2212 | 全柱秋海棠 B. grandis subsp. holostyla | TDK2214 | 大理秋海棠 B. taliensis | 1.077 | 1.252 | 1.165 | 1.206 | 3.58 |
TDK2542 | TDK2537 | 裂叶秋海棠 B. palmata | TDK1795 | 周裂秋海棠 B. circumlobata | 0.993 | 0.999 | 0.996 | 1.006 | 1.08 |
TDK2677 | TDK2669 | 裂叶秋海棠 B. palmata | TDK2696 | 掌叶秋海棠 B. hemsleyana | 0.926 | 1.043 | 0.985 | 0.901 | 8.48 |
TDK2689 | TDK2696 | 掌叶秋海棠 B. hemsleyana | TDK1283 | 长纤秋海棠 B. longiciliata | 1.043 | 1.053 | 1.048 | 1.040 | 0.75 |
TDK2697 | TDK2696 | 掌叶秋海棠 B. hemsleyana | TDK2669 | 裂叶秋海棠 B. palmata | 1.043 | 0.926 | 0.985 | 0.891 | 9.50 |
TDK2747 | TDK1924 | 掌裂叶秋海棠 B. pedatifida | TDK2250 | 蕺叶秋海棠 B. limprichtii | 0.878 | 0.938 | 0.908 | 0.965 | 6.23 |
TDK2697A | TDK2696 | 掌叶秋海棠 B. hemsleyana | TDK2669 | 裂叶秋海棠 B. palmata | 1.043 | 0.926 | 0.985 | 0.940 | 4.49 |
TDK2976 | TDK2983 | 蕺叶秋海棠 B. limprichtii | TDK2973 | 秀丽秋海棠 B. pulchrifolia | 0.967 | 0.984 | 0.976 | 0.916 | 6.15 |
TDK2984 | TDK2983 | 蕺叶秋海棠 B. limprichtii | TDK2981 | 掌裂叶秋海棠 B. pedatifida | 0.967 | 1.285 | 1.126 | 1.345 | 19.45 |
FNF006 | FNF005 | 裂叶秋海棠 B. palmata | TDK1795 | 周裂秋海棠 B. circumlobata | 0.959 | 0.999 | 0.979 | 0.980 | 0.14 |
B7* | B040-A | 裂叶秋海棠 B. palmata | 177 | 多毛秋海棠 B. polytricha | 0.933 | 0.836 | 0.908 | 0.909 | 0.11 |
B9* | B040-A | 裂叶秋海棠 B. palmata | 180 | 勐养秋海棠 B. silletensis subsp. mengyangensis | 0.933 | 1.116 | 0.979 | 1.079 | 10.24 |
B10* | B040-A | 裂叶秋海棠 B. palmata | 177 | 多毛秋海棠 B. polytricha | 0.933 | 0.836 | 0.908 | 0.932 | 2.64 |
B11* | 278-C | 花叶秋海棠 B. cathayana | 180 | 勐养秋海棠 B. silletensis subsp. mengyangensis | 0.970 | 1.116 | 1.006 | 1.128 | 12.14 |
C4* | B040-A | 裂叶秋海棠 B. palmata | B022 | 秋海棠新种 Begonia sp. nov. | 0.933 | 0.908 | 0.926 | 0.889 | 4.00 |
E5* | 278-B | 花叶秋海棠 B. cathayana | 226 | 粗喙秋海棠 B. longifolia | 0.970 | 1.105 | 1.003 | 1.103 | 9.89 |
E7* | B040-A | 裂叶秋海棠 B. palmata | 226 | 粗喙秋海棠 B. longifolia | 0.933 | 1.105 | 0.976 | 1.047 | 7.36 |
E8* | B040-A | 裂叶秋海棠 B. palmata | 227 | 厚叶秋海棠 B. dryadis | 0.933 | 1.204 | 1.001 | 1.151 | 15.03 |
Table 6 The relationship of C-values between hybrids and their parents in Chinese begonia species
杂种采集号 Collect. no. of hybrid | 母本 Mother species | 父本Father species | 2C值 2C value | 相对误差 Relative error (%) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
采集号 Collect. no. | 物种 Species | 采集号 Collect. no. | 物种 Species | 母本 Mother species | 父本 Father species | 杂种理论Theoretical of hybrid | 杂种实测Measured of hybrid | ||
TDK354 | TDK355 | 酸味秋海棠 B. acetosella | TDK2645 | 勐养秋海棠 B. silletensis subsp. mengyangensis | 1.098 | 1.116 | 1.107 | 1.109 | 0.22 |
TDK368 | TDK366 | 厚叶秋海棠 B. dryadis | TDK434 | 粗喙秋海棠 B. longifolia | 1.204 | 1.122 | 1.163 | 1.263 | 8.59 |
TDK747 | TDK355 | 酸味秋海棠 B. acetosella | TDK2645 | 勐养秋海棠 B. silletensis subsp. mengyangensis | 1.098 | 1.116 | 1.107 | 1.136 | 2.66 |
TDK2213 | TDK2212 | 全柱秋海棠 B. grandis subsp. holostyla | TDK2214 | 大理秋海棠 B. taliensis | 1.077 | 1.252 | 1.165 | 1.206 | 3.58 |
TDK2542 | TDK2537 | 裂叶秋海棠 B. palmata | TDK1795 | 周裂秋海棠 B. circumlobata | 0.993 | 0.999 | 0.996 | 1.006 | 1.08 |
TDK2677 | TDK2669 | 裂叶秋海棠 B. palmata | TDK2696 | 掌叶秋海棠 B. hemsleyana | 0.926 | 1.043 | 0.985 | 0.901 | 8.48 |
TDK2689 | TDK2696 | 掌叶秋海棠 B. hemsleyana | TDK1283 | 长纤秋海棠 B. longiciliata | 1.043 | 1.053 | 1.048 | 1.040 | 0.75 |
TDK2697 | TDK2696 | 掌叶秋海棠 B. hemsleyana | TDK2669 | 裂叶秋海棠 B. palmata | 1.043 | 0.926 | 0.985 | 0.891 | 9.50 |
TDK2747 | TDK1924 | 掌裂叶秋海棠 B. pedatifida | TDK2250 | 蕺叶秋海棠 B. limprichtii | 0.878 | 0.938 | 0.908 | 0.965 | 6.23 |
TDK2697A | TDK2696 | 掌叶秋海棠 B. hemsleyana | TDK2669 | 裂叶秋海棠 B. palmata | 1.043 | 0.926 | 0.985 | 0.940 | 4.49 |
TDK2976 | TDK2983 | 蕺叶秋海棠 B. limprichtii | TDK2973 | 秀丽秋海棠 B. pulchrifolia | 0.967 | 0.984 | 0.976 | 0.916 | 6.15 |
TDK2984 | TDK2983 | 蕺叶秋海棠 B. limprichtii | TDK2981 | 掌裂叶秋海棠 B. pedatifida | 0.967 | 1.285 | 1.126 | 1.345 | 19.45 |
FNF006 | FNF005 | 裂叶秋海棠 B. palmata | TDK1795 | 周裂秋海棠 B. circumlobata | 0.959 | 0.999 | 0.979 | 0.980 | 0.14 |
B7* | B040-A | 裂叶秋海棠 B. palmata | 177 | 多毛秋海棠 B. polytricha | 0.933 | 0.836 | 0.908 | 0.909 | 0.11 |
B9* | B040-A | 裂叶秋海棠 B. palmata | 180 | 勐养秋海棠 B. silletensis subsp. mengyangensis | 0.933 | 1.116 | 0.979 | 1.079 | 10.24 |
B10* | B040-A | 裂叶秋海棠 B. palmata | 177 | 多毛秋海棠 B. polytricha | 0.933 | 0.836 | 0.908 | 0.932 | 2.64 |
B11* | 278-C | 花叶秋海棠 B. cathayana | 180 | 勐养秋海棠 B. silletensis subsp. mengyangensis | 0.970 | 1.116 | 1.006 | 1.128 | 12.14 |
C4* | B040-A | 裂叶秋海棠 B. palmata | B022 | 秋海棠新种 Begonia sp. nov. | 0.933 | 0.908 | 0.926 | 0.889 | 4.00 |
E5* | 278-B | 花叶秋海棠 B. cathayana | 226 | 粗喙秋海棠 B. longifolia | 0.970 | 1.105 | 1.003 | 1.103 | 9.89 |
E7* | B040-A | 裂叶秋海棠 B. palmata | 226 | 粗喙秋海棠 B. longifolia | 0.933 | 1.105 | 0.976 | 1.047 | 7.36 |
E8* | B040-A | 裂叶秋海棠 B. palmata | 227 | 厚叶秋海棠 B. dryadis | 0.933 | 1.204 | 1.001 | 1.151 | 15.03 |
杂种组合 Hybrid | 母本Mother plant (♀) | 父本Father plant (♂) | 是否成功(+/-) Success + /failure - |
---|---|---|---|
1 | 酸味秋海棠 B. acetosella | 香花秋海棠 B. handelii | + |
香花秋海棠 B. handelii | 酸味秋海棠 B. acetosella | + | |
2 | 酸味秋海棠 B. acetosella | 勐养秋海棠 B. silletensis subsp. mengyangensis | + |
勐养秋海棠 B. silletensis subsp. mengyangensis | 酸味秋海棠 B. acetosella | + | |
酸味秋海棠×勐养秋海棠 B. acetosella × B. silletensis subsp. mengyangensis | 酸味秋海棠×勐养秋海棠 B. acetosella × B. silletensis subsp. mengyangensis | - | |
3* | 圆果秋海棠(=粗喙秋海棠) B. aptera (= B. longifolia) | 水鸭脚 B. formosana | - |
水鸭脚 B. formosana | 圆果秋海棠 B. aptera | + | |
水鸭脚 B. formosana | 台北秋海棠 B. ×taipeiensis (B. formosana × B. aptera) | - | |
圆果秋海棠 B. aptera | 台北秋海棠 B. ×taipeiensis | - | |
台北秋海棠 B. ×taipeiensis | 台北秋海棠 B. ×taipeiensis | - | |
4 | 周裂秋海棠 B. circumlobata | 裂叶秋海棠 B. palmata | + |
裂叶秋海棠 B. palmata | 周裂秋海棠 B. circumlobata | + | |
周裂秋海棠×裂叶秋海棠 B. circumlobata × B. palmata | 周裂秋海棠 B. circumlobata | - | |
周裂秋海棠×裂叶秋海棠 B. circumlobata × B. palmata | 裂叶秋海棠 B. palmata | - | |
5 | 厚叶秋海棠 B. dryadis | 粗喙秋海棠 B. longifolia | + |
粗喙秋海棠 B. longifolia | 厚叶秋海棠 B. dryadis | + | |
厚叶秋海棠×粗喙秋海棠 B. dryadis × B. longifolia | 厚叶秋海棠×粗喙秋海棠 B. dryadis × B. longifolia | - | |
6 | 掌叶秋海棠 B. hemsleyana | 变色秋海棠 B. versicolor | + |
变色秋海棠 B. versicolor | 掌叶秋海棠 B. hemsleyana | + | |
麻栗坡秋海棠 B. ×malipoensis (B. hemsleyana × B. versicolor) | 麻栗坡秋海棠 B. ×malipoensis | - | |
7 | 掌叶秋海棠 B. hemsleyana | 大裂秋海棠 B. macrotoma | + |
掌叶秋海棠×大裂秋海棠 B. hemsleyana × B. macrotoma | 掌叶秋海棠×大裂秋海棠 B. hemsleyana × B. macrotoma | + | |
8* | 粗喙秋海棠 B. longifolia | 裂叶秋海棠 B. palmata | + |
钟氏秋海棠 B.×chungii (B. longifolia × B. plamata) | 钟氏秋海棠 B.×chungii | - |
Table 7 Assessment of natural hybridization by artificial crossing in Chinese native begonia species
杂种组合 Hybrid | 母本Mother plant (♀) | 父本Father plant (♂) | 是否成功(+/-) Success + /failure - |
---|---|---|---|
1 | 酸味秋海棠 B. acetosella | 香花秋海棠 B. handelii | + |
香花秋海棠 B. handelii | 酸味秋海棠 B. acetosella | + | |
2 | 酸味秋海棠 B. acetosella | 勐养秋海棠 B. silletensis subsp. mengyangensis | + |
勐养秋海棠 B. silletensis subsp. mengyangensis | 酸味秋海棠 B. acetosella | + | |
酸味秋海棠×勐养秋海棠 B. acetosella × B. silletensis subsp. mengyangensis | 酸味秋海棠×勐养秋海棠 B. acetosella × B. silletensis subsp. mengyangensis | - | |
3* | 圆果秋海棠(=粗喙秋海棠) B. aptera (= B. longifolia) | 水鸭脚 B. formosana | - |
水鸭脚 B. formosana | 圆果秋海棠 B. aptera | + | |
水鸭脚 B. formosana | 台北秋海棠 B. ×taipeiensis (B. formosana × B. aptera) | - | |
圆果秋海棠 B. aptera | 台北秋海棠 B. ×taipeiensis | - | |
台北秋海棠 B. ×taipeiensis | 台北秋海棠 B. ×taipeiensis | - | |
4 | 周裂秋海棠 B. circumlobata | 裂叶秋海棠 B. palmata | + |
裂叶秋海棠 B. palmata | 周裂秋海棠 B. circumlobata | + | |
周裂秋海棠×裂叶秋海棠 B. circumlobata × B. palmata | 周裂秋海棠 B. circumlobata | - | |
周裂秋海棠×裂叶秋海棠 B. circumlobata × B. palmata | 裂叶秋海棠 B. palmata | - | |
5 | 厚叶秋海棠 B. dryadis | 粗喙秋海棠 B. longifolia | + |
粗喙秋海棠 B. longifolia | 厚叶秋海棠 B. dryadis | + | |
厚叶秋海棠×粗喙秋海棠 B. dryadis × B. longifolia | 厚叶秋海棠×粗喙秋海棠 B. dryadis × B. longifolia | - | |
6 | 掌叶秋海棠 B. hemsleyana | 变色秋海棠 B. versicolor | + |
变色秋海棠 B. versicolor | 掌叶秋海棠 B. hemsleyana | + | |
麻栗坡秋海棠 B. ×malipoensis (B. hemsleyana × B. versicolor) | 麻栗坡秋海棠 B. ×malipoensis | - | |
7 | 掌叶秋海棠 B. hemsleyana | 大裂秋海棠 B. macrotoma | + |
掌叶秋海棠×大裂秋海棠 B. hemsleyana × B. macrotoma | 掌叶秋海棠×大裂秋海棠 B. hemsleyana × B. macrotoma | + | |
8* | 粗喙秋海棠 B. longifolia | 裂叶秋海棠 B. palmata | + |
钟氏秋海棠 B.×chungii (B. longifolia × B. plamata) | 钟氏秋海棠 B.×chungii | - |
编号 No. | 可能亲本A Possible parent A | 可能亲本B Possible parent B | 杂交可能发生地 Possible place of cross occurrence |
---|---|---|---|
1 | 大水沟秋海棠 B. ×dashuigouensis | 掌叶秋海棠 B. hemsleyana; 大裂秋海棠 B. macrotoma | 云南绿春 Lüchun, Yunnan |
2 | 酸味秋海棠 B. acetosella | 粗喙秋海棠 B. longifolia | 云南勐腊 Mengla, Yunnan |
3 | 点叶秋海棠 B. alveolata | 裂叶秋海棠 B. palmata | 云南马关、麻栗坡 Maguan & Malipo, Yunnan |
4 | 树生秋海棠 B. arboreta | 倒鳞秋海棠 B. reflexisquamosa | 云南绿春 Lüchun, Yunnan |
5 | 糙叶秋海棠 B. asperifolia | 刺毛红孩儿B. difformis | 云南贡山; 西藏墨脱 Gongshan, Yunnan; Motuo, Tibet |
6 | 歪叶秋海棠 B. augustinei | 裂叶秋海棠 B. palmata | 云南勐腊、勐海、澜沧Mengla, Menghai & Lancang, Yunnan |
7 | 巴马秋海棠 B. bamaensis | 食用秋海棠 B. edulis | 广西巴马 Bama, Guangxi |
8 | 花叶秋海棠 B. cathayana | 掌叶秋海棠 B. hemsleyana | 云南屏边; 广西防城港 Pingbian, Yunnan; Fangchenggang, Guangxi |
9 | 昌感秋海棠 B. cavaleriei | 罗甸秋海棠 B. porteri; 卷毛秋海棠 B. cirrosa; 裂叶秋海棠 B. plamata | 广西罗城 Luocheng, Guangxi |
10 | 角果秋海棠 B. ceratocarpa | 粗喙秋海棠 B. longifolia | 云南马关 Maguan, Yunnan |
11 | 凤山秋海棠 B. chingii | 食用秋海棠 B. edulis | 广西巴马、德保 Bama & Debao, Guangxi |
12 | 赤水秋海棠 B. chishuiensis | 掌裂叶秋海 B. pedatifida; 新种 Begonia sp. nov. | 贵州赤水; 重庆江津四面山Chishui, Guizhou; Simianshan, Jiangjin, Chongqing; 四川纳溪Naxi, Sichuan |
13 | 周裂秋海棠 B. circumlobata | 裂叶秋海棠 B. palmata | 贵州榕江Rongjiang, Guizhou |
14 | 卷毛秋海棠 B. cirrosa | 昌感秋海棠 B. cavaleriei | 广西那坡 Napo, Guangxi |
15 | 黄连山秋海棠 B. coptidimontana | 多毛秋海棠 B. polytricha | 云南绿春黄连山 Huanglianshan, Lüchun, Yunnan |
16 | 水晶秋海棠 B. crystallina | 光滑秋海棠 B. psyllophilla | 云南麻栗坡 Malipo, Yunnan |
17 | 瓜叶秋海棠 B. cucurbitifolia | 裂叶秋海棠 B. palmata | 云南马关 Maguan, Yunnan |
18 | 大围山秋海棠 B. daweishanensis | 掌叶秋海棠 B. hemsleyana; 裂叶秋海棠 B. palmata | 云南屏边 Pingbian, Yunnan |
19 | 德保秋海棠 B. debaoensis | 食用秋海棠 B. edulis; 凤山秋海棠 B. chingii | 广西德保 Debao, Guangxi |
20 | 南川秋海棠 B. dielsiana | 蕺叶秋海棠 B. limprichtii | 四川峨眉山 Mount Emei, Sichuan |
21 | 刺毛红孩儿B. difformis | 宿苞秋海棠 B. yuii | 云南景东无量山 Wuliangshan, Jingdong, Yunnan |
22 | 槭叶秋海棠 B. digyna | 裂叶秋海棠 B. palmata | 福建长汀 Changting, Fujian |
23 | 厚叶秋海棠 B. dryadis | 小花秋海棠 B. peii | 云南勐腊 Mengla, Yunnan |
24 | 食用秋海棠 B. edulis | 巴马秋海棠 B. bamaensis; 裂叶秋海棠 B. palmata | 广西巴马Bama, Guangxi; 广东阳山Yangshan, Guangdong |
25 | 紫背天葵B. fimbristipula | 秋海棠 B. grandis | 广东仁化; 湖南永兴Renhua, Guangdong; Yongxing, Hunan |
26 | 金秀秋海棠 B. glechomifolia | 裂叶秋海棠 B. pamlata | 广西金秀 Jinxiu, Guangxi |
27 | 圭山秋海棠 B. guishanensis | 独牛B. henryi | 云南石林 Shilin, Yunnan |
28 | 古林箐秋海棠 B. gulinqingensis | 裂叶秋海棠 B. pamlata | 云南马关、古林箐 Gulinqing & Maguan, Yunnan |
29 | 香花秋海棠 B. handelii | 长果秋海棠 B. longicarpa | 云南河口 Hekou, Yunnan |
30 | 独牛 B. henryi | 新种 Begonia sp. nov.; 圭山秋海棠 B. guishanensis | 四川天全Tianquan, Sichuan; 云南石林Shilin, Yunnan |
31 | 靖西秋海棠 B. jingxiensis | 厚叶秋海棠 B. dryadis | 广西靖西 Jingxi, Guangxi |
32 | 缙云秋海棠 B. jinyunensis | 裂叶秋海棠 B. palmata | 贵州榕江 Rongjiang, Guizhou |
33 | 心叶秋海棠 B. labordei | 裂叶秋海棠 B. palmata; 中华秋海棠 B. grandis subsp. sinensis | 云南多处; 广西Multi-places in Yunnan; Guangxi; 云南昆明、楚雄 Kunming & Chuxiong, Yunnan |
34 | 大裂秋海棠 B. macrotoma | 裂叶秋海棠 B. palmata | 云南澜沧、绿春 Lancang & Lüchun, Yunnan |
35 | 麻栗坡秋海棠 B. malipoensis | 变色秋海棠 B. versicolor; 掌叶秋海棠 B. hemsleyana | 云南屏边、麻栗坡 Pingbian & Malipo, Yunnan |
36 | 不显秋海棠 B. obsolescens | 裂叶秋海棠 B. palmata | 云南马关 Maguan, Yunnan |
37 | 掌裂叶秋海棠 B. pedatifida | 赤水秋海棠 B. chishuiensis; 裂叶秋海棠 B. palmata; 新种Begonia sp. nov. | 贵州赤水Chishui, Guizhou; 广西田林 Tianlin, Guangxi; 四川青城山 Qingchengshan, Sichuan |
38 | 秀丽秋海棠 B. pulchrifolia | 掌裂叶秋海棠 B. pedatifida | 四川峨眉山 Mount Emei, Sichuan |
39 | 长毛秋海棠 B. villifolia | 裂叶秋海棠 B. palmata | 云南麻栗坡 Malipo, Yunnan |
40 | 一点血 B. wilsonii | 新种Begonia sp. nov. | 四川峨眉山、青城山 Mount Emei & Qingchengshan, Sichuan |
Table 8 Occurred locations predicated for future potentially natural hybrids in Chinese native begonias
编号 No. | 可能亲本A Possible parent A | 可能亲本B Possible parent B | 杂交可能发生地 Possible place of cross occurrence |
---|---|---|---|
1 | 大水沟秋海棠 B. ×dashuigouensis | 掌叶秋海棠 B. hemsleyana; 大裂秋海棠 B. macrotoma | 云南绿春 Lüchun, Yunnan |
2 | 酸味秋海棠 B. acetosella | 粗喙秋海棠 B. longifolia | 云南勐腊 Mengla, Yunnan |
3 | 点叶秋海棠 B. alveolata | 裂叶秋海棠 B. palmata | 云南马关、麻栗坡 Maguan & Malipo, Yunnan |
4 | 树生秋海棠 B. arboreta | 倒鳞秋海棠 B. reflexisquamosa | 云南绿春 Lüchun, Yunnan |
5 | 糙叶秋海棠 B. asperifolia | 刺毛红孩儿B. difformis | 云南贡山; 西藏墨脱 Gongshan, Yunnan; Motuo, Tibet |
6 | 歪叶秋海棠 B. augustinei | 裂叶秋海棠 B. palmata | 云南勐腊、勐海、澜沧Mengla, Menghai & Lancang, Yunnan |
7 | 巴马秋海棠 B. bamaensis | 食用秋海棠 B. edulis | 广西巴马 Bama, Guangxi |
8 | 花叶秋海棠 B. cathayana | 掌叶秋海棠 B. hemsleyana | 云南屏边; 广西防城港 Pingbian, Yunnan; Fangchenggang, Guangxi |
9 | 昌感秋海棠 B. cavaleriei | 罗甸秋海棠 B. porteri; 卷毛秋海棠 B. cirrosa; 裂叶秋海棠 B. plamata | 广西罗城 Luocheng, Guangxi |
10 | 角果秋海棠 B. ceratocarpa | 粗喙秋海棠 B. longifolia | 云南马关 Maguan, Yunnan |
11 | 凤山秋海棠 B. chingii | 食用秋海棠 B. edulis | 广西巴马、德保 Bama & Debao, Guangxi |
12 | 赤水秋海棠 B. chishuiensis | 掌裂叶秋海 B. pedatifida; 新种 Begonia sp. nov. | 贵州赤水; 重庆江津四面山Chishui, Guizhou; Simianshan, Jiangjin, Chongqing; 四川纳溪Naxi, Sichuan |
13 | 周裂秋海棠 B. circumlobata | 裂叶秋海棠 B. palmata | 贵州榕江Rongjiang, Guizhou |
14 | 卷毛秋海棠 B. cirrosa | 昌感秋海棠 B. cavaleriei | 广西那坡 Napo, Guangxi |
15 | 黄连山秋海棠 B. coptidimontana | 多毛秋海棠 B. polytricha | 云南绿春黄连山 Huanglianshan, Lüchun, Yunnan |
16 | 水晶秋海棠 B. crystallina | 光滑秋海棠 B. psyllophilla | 云南麻栗坡 Malipo, Yunnan |
17 | 瓜叶秋海棠 B. cucurbitifolia | 裂叶秋海棠 B. palmata | 云南马关 Maguan, Yunnan |
18 | 大围山秋海棠 B. daweishanensis | 掌叶秋海棠 B. hemsleyana; 裂叶秋海棠 B. palmata | 云南屏边 Pingbian, Yunnan |
19 | 德保秋海棠 B. debaoensis | 食用秋海棠 B. edulis; 凤山秋海棠 B. chingii | 广西德保 Debao, Guangxi |
20 | 南川秋海棠 B. dielsiana | 蕺叶秋海棠 B. limprichtii | 四川峨眉山 Mount Emei, Sichuan |
21 | 刺毛红孩儿B. difformis | 宿苞秋海棠 B. yuii | 云南景东无量山 Wuliangshan, Jingdong, Yunnan |
22 | 槭叶秋海棠 B. digyna | 裂叶秋海棠 B. palmata | 福建长汀 Changting, Fujian |
23 | 厚叶秋海棠 B. dryadis | 小花秋海棠 B. peii | 云南勐腊 Mengla, Yunnan |
24 | 食用秋海棠 B. edulis | 巴马秋海棠 B. bamaensis; 裂叶秋海棠 B. palmata | 广西巴马Bama, Guangxi; 广东阳山Yangshan, Guangdong |
25 | 紫背天葵B. fimbristipula | 秋海棠 B. grandis | 广东仁化; 湖南永兴Renhua, Guangdong; Yongxing, Hunan |
26 | 金秀秋海棠 B. glechomifolia | 裂叶秋海棠 B. pamlata | 广西金秀 Jinxiu, Guangxi |
27 | 圭山秋海棠 B. guishanensis | 独牛B. henryi | 云南石林 Shilin, Yunnan |
28 | 古林箐秋海棠 B. gulinqingensis | 裂叶秋海棠 B. pamlata | 云南马关、古林箐 Gulinqing & Maguan, Yunnan |
29 | 香花秋海棠 B. handelii | 长果秋海棠 B. longicarpa | 云南河口 Hekou, Yunnan |
30 | 独牛 B. henryi | 新种 Begonia sp. nov.; 圭山秋海棠 B. guishanensis | 四川天全Tianquan, Sichuan; 云南石林Shilin, Yunnan |
31 | 靖西秋海棠 B. jingxiensis | 厚叶秋海棠 B. dryadis | 广西靖西 Jingxi, Guangxi |
32 | 缙云秋海棠 B. jinyunensis | 裂叶秋海棠 B. palmata | 贵州榕江 Rongjiang, Guizhou |
33 | 心叶秋海棠 B. labordei | 裂叶秋海棠 B. palmata; 中华秋海棠 B. grandis subsp. sinensis | 云南多处; 广西Multi-places in Yunnan; Guangxi; 云南昆明、楚雄 Kunming & Chuxiong, Yunnan |
34 | 大裂秋海棠 B. macrotoma | 裂叶秋海棠 B. palmata | 云南澜沧、绿春 Lancang & Lüchun, Yunnan |
35 | 麻栗坡秋海棠 B. malipoensis | 变色秋海棠 B. versicolor; 掌叶秋海棠 B. hemsleyana | 云南屏边、麻栗坡 Pingbian & Malipo, Yunnan |
36 | 不显秋海棠 B. obsolescens | 裂叶秋海棠 B. palmata | 云南马关 Maguan, Yunnan |
37 | 掌裂叶秋海棠 B. pedatifida | 赤水秋海棠 B. chishuiensis; 裂叶秋海棠 B. palmata; 新种Begonia sp. nov. | 贵州赤水Chishui, Guizhou; 广西田林 Tianlin, Guangxi; 四川青城山 Qingchengshan, Sichuan |
38 | 秀丽秋海棠 B. pulchrifolia | 掌裂叶秋海棠 B. pedatifida | 四川峨眉山 Mount Emei, Sichuan |
39 | 长毛秋海棠 B. villifolia | 裂叶秋海棠 B. palmata | 云南麻栗坡 Malipo, Yunnan |
40 | 一点血 B. wilsonii | 新种Begonia sp. nov. | 四川峨眉山、青城山 Mount Emei & Qingchengshan, Sichuan |
[1] | Abbott RJ, Lowe AJ (2004) Origins, establishment and evolution of new polyploid species: Senecio cambrensis and S. eboracensis in the British Isles. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 82, 467-474. |
[2] | Agren J, Schemske DW (1991) Pollination by deceit in a Neotropical monoecious herb, Begonia involucrate. Biotropica, 23, 235-241. |
[3] | Arnold ML (1992) Natural hybridization as an evolutionary process. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 23, 237-261. |
[4] | Arnold ML (1997) Natural Hybridization and Evolution. Oxford University Press, New York. |
[5] | Arnold ML, Bouck AC, Cornman RS (2003) Verne Grant and Louisiana Irises: is there anything new under the sun? New Phytologist, 161, 143-149. |
[6] | Baack EJ, Whitney KD, Rieseberg LH (2005) Hybridization and genome size evolution: timing and magnitude of nuclear DNA content increases in Helianthus homoploid hybrid species. New Phytologist, 167, 623-630. |
[7] | Bairdungerer MC, Baird S, Pan J, Rieseberg LH (1998) Rapid hybrid speciation in wild sunflowers. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA, 95, 11757-11762. |
[8] | Burt-Utley K (1985) A revision of Central American species of Begonia section Gireoudia (Begoniaceae). Tulane Studies in Zoology and Botany, 25, 1-131. |
[9] | Curtu AL, Gailing O, Finkeldey R (2007) Evidence for hybridization and introgression within a species-rich oak (Quercus spp.) community. BMC Evolutionary Biology, 7, 218-232. |
[10] | Ellstrand NC, Schierenbeck KA (2000) Hybridization as a stimulus for the evolution of invasiveness in plants? Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA, 97, 7043-7050. |
[11] | Ellstrand NC, Whitkus RW, Rieseberg LH (1996) Distribution of spontaneous plant hybrids. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA, 93, 5090-5093. |
[12] | Frodin DG (2004) History and concepts of big plant genera. Taxon, 53, 753-776. |
[13] | Gaskin JF (2016) The role of hybridization in facilitating tree invasion. AoB Plants, 9, doi:10.1093/aobpla/plw079. |
[14] | Hong DY (2016) Biodiversity pursuits need a scientific and operative species concept. Biodiversity Science, 24, 979-999. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[洪德元 (2016)生物多样性事业需要科学、可操作的物种概念. 生物多样性, 24, 979-999.] | |
[15] | Hoover WS, Karegeannes C, Wiriadinata H, Hunter JM (2004) Notes on the geography of South-east Asian Begonia and species diversity in montane forests. Telopea, 10, 749-764. |
[16] | Lee CS, Lee K, Yeau SH, Chung KS (2015) Two new and one unrecorded natural hybrids between Asplenium ruprechtii and related taxa (Aspleniaceae). Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy, 45, 362-368. |
[17] | Léveillé-Bourret E, Bailleul S, Cayouette J, Joly S (2014) Testing hybridization hypotheses with morphometry: the case of eastern American arctic species of Potentilla sect. Niveae (Rosaceae). Systematic Botany, 39, 193-204. |
[18] | Li C, Tian DK, Li XP, Fu NF (2015) Morphological and molecular identification of natural hybridization between Begonia hemsleyana and B. macrotoma. Scientia Horticulturae, 192, 357-360. |
[19] | Li HZ, Ma H, Guan KY, Peng CI (2005) Begonia rubinea (sect. Platycentrum, Begoniaceae), a new species from Guizhou, China. Botanical Bulletin of Acadmia Sinica, 46, 377-383. |
[20] | Li JX, Guan KY, Kong FC, Godo TN (2013) Property of sexual hybridization plants of Begonia in Yunnan. Guihaia, 33, 727-733. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[李景秀, 管开云, 孔繁才, 神戸敏成 (2013) 云南秋海棠属植物有性杂交特性. 广西植物, 33, 727-733.] | |
[21] | Liu JQ (2016) “The integrative species concept” and “species on the speciation way”. Biodiversity Science, 24, 1004-1008.(in Chinese with English abstract) |
[刘建全 (2016) “整合物种概念”和“分化路上的物种”. 生物多样性, 24, 1004-1008.] | |
[22] | Mallet J (2007) Hybrid speciation. Nature, 446, 279-283. |
[23] | Marques I, Feliner GN, Martins-Loucao MA, Aguilar JF (2012) Genome size and base composition variation in natural and experimental Narcissus (Amaryllidaceae) hybrids. Annals of Botany, 109, 257-264. |
[24] | Morris R (2017) Species Begonias of the Eastern Himalayas. KBCC Press, Gaoshu, China. |
[25] | Nolte AW, Tautz D (2010) Understanding the onset of hybrid speciation. Trends in Genetics, 26, 54-58. |
[26] | Parepa M, Fischer M, Krebs C, Bossdorf O (2014) Hybridization increases invasive knotweed success. Evolutionary Applications, 7, 413-420. |
[27] | Peng CI, Chen YK (1991) Hybridity and parentage of Begonia buimontana Yamamoto (Begoniaceae) from Taiwan. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden, 78, 995-1001. |
[28] | Peng CI, Ku SM (2009) Begonia ×chungii (Begoniaceae), a new natural hybrid in Taiwan. Botanical Studies, 50, 241-250. |
[29] | Peng CI, Liu Y, Ku SM, Kono Y, Chung KF (2010) Begonia ×breviscapa (Begoniaceae), a new intersectional natural hybrid from Guangxi, China. Botanical Studies, 51, 107-117. |
[30] | Peng CI, Sue CY (2000) Begonia ×taipeiensis (Begoniaceae), a new natural hybrid in Taiwan. Botanical Bulletin of Academia Sinica, 41, 151-158. |
[31] | Phutthai1 T, Hughes M (2016) A new species and a new record in Begonia sect. Platycentrum (Begoniaceae) from Thailand. Gardens’ Bulletin Singapore, 68, 99-107. |
[32] | Prancl J, Kaplan ZK, Travnicek P, Jarolimova V (2014) Genome size as a key to evolutionary complex aquatic plants: polyploidy and hybridization in Callitriche (Plantaginaceae). PLoS ONE, 9, e105997. |
[33] | Rhymer JM, Simberloff D (1996) Extinction by hybridization and introgression. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 27, 83-109. |
[34] | Rieseberg LH (1997) Hybrid origins of plant species. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 28, 359-389. |
[35] | Rieseberg LH, Carney SE (1998) Plant hybridization. New Phytologist, 140, 599-624. |
[36] | Rieseberg LH, Raymond O, Rosenthal DM, Lai Z, Livingstone K, Nakazato T, Durphy JL, Schwarzbach AE, Donovan LA, Lexer C (2003) Major ecological transitions in wild sunflowers facilitated by hybridization. Science, 301, 1211-216. |
[37] | Sands, MJS (2001) Begoniaceae. In: The Plants of Mt. Kinabalu (eds, Beaman JJ, Anderson C, Beaman RS), pp. 147-163. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Royal Botanic Gardens: Kew, UK. |
[38] | Sang J, Kiew R, Geri C (2013) Revision of Begonia (Begoniaceae) from the Melinau Limestone in Gunung Mulu National Park and Gunung Buda National Park, Sarawak, Borneo, including thirteen new species. Phytotaxa, 99, 1-34. |
[39] | Schemske DW, Agren J, Corff JL (1996) Deceit pollination in the Monoecious, Neotropical Herb Begonia oaxacana Begoniaceae). In: Floral Biology: Studies on Floral Evolution in Animal-Pollinated Plants (eds, Lloyd DG, Barrett S), pp. 292-318. Chapman & Hall, New York. |
[40] | Schierenbeck KA, Ellstrand NC (2009) Hybridization and the evolution of invasiveness in plants and other organisms. Biological Invasions, 11, 1093-1105. |
[41] | Seker M, Tuzcu O, Ollitrault P (2003) Comparison of nuclear DNA content of citrus rootstock populations by flow cytometry analysis. Plant Breeding, 122, 169-172. |
[42] | Soltis DE, Soltis PS, Pires JC, Kovarik A, Tate JA, Mavrodiev E (2004) Recent and recurrent polyploidy in Tragopogon (Asteraceae): cytogenetic, genomic and genetic comparisons. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 82, 485-501. |
[43] | Stebbins GL (1957) The role of hybridization in evolution. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, 103, 231-251. |
[44] | Stukenbrock EH (2016) The role of hybridization in the evolution and emergence of new fungal plant pathogens. Phytopathology, 106, 104-112. |
[45] | Tebbitt MC (2013a) Three new natural hybrids of Andean tuberous begonias. The Begonian, 80, 29-32. |
[46] | Tebbitt MC (2013b) A rare new natural hybrid of Andean tuberous begonia. The Begonian, 80, 176-177. |
[47] | Teo LL, Kiew R (1999) First record of a natural begonia hybrid in Malaysia. Gardens’ Bulletin of Singapore, 51, 103-118. |
[48] | Thomas D, Hughes M, Phutthai T, Rajbhandary S, Rubite R, Ardi WH, Richardson JE (2011) A non-coding plastid DNA phylogeny of Asian Begonia (Begoniaceae): evidence for morphological homoplasy and sectional polyphyly. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 60, 428-444. |
[49] | Wang N, Borrell JS, Bodles WJ, Kuttapitiya A, Nichols RA, Buggs RJA (2014) Molecular footprints of the Holocene retreat of dwarf birch in Britain. Molecular Ecology, 23, 2771-2782. |
[50] | Wang ZF, Peng SL (2003) Plant hybridization and its harmful genetic consequences. Biodiversity Science, 11, 333-339. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[王峥峰, 彭少麟 (2003) 杂交产生的遗传危害——以植物为例. 生物多样性, 11, 333-339.] | |
[51] | Wyatt GE, Sazima M (2011) Pollination and reproductive biology of thirteen species of Beogonia in the Serra Do Mar State Park, São Paulo, Brazil. Journal of Pollination Ecology, 6, 95-107. |
[52] | Yan LJ, Gao LM, Li DZ (2013) Molecular evidence for natural hybridization between Rhododendron spiciferum and R. spinuliferum (Ericaceae). Journal of Systematics and Evolution, 51, 426-434. |
[53] | Zalapa JE, Brunet J, Guries RP (2010) The extent of hybridization and its impact on the genetic diversity and population structure of an invasive tree, Ulmus pumila (Ulmaceae). Evolutionary Applications, 3, 157-168. |
[54] | Zhang DX (2016) Why is it so difficult to reach a consensus in species concept? Biodiversity Science, 24, 1009-2013. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[张德兴 (2016) 为什么在物种概念上难以达成共识? 生物多样性, 24, 1009-1013.] | |
[55] | Zhao B, Fu NF, Xiang YC, Tian DK (2017) Effects of light intensity and planting substrates on the growth of Begonia ningmingensis ‘Ningming Silver’, a new begonia cultivar. Guihaia, 37, doi:10.11931/guihaia.gxzw201610033. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[赵斌, 付乃峰, 向言词, 田代科 (2017) 光照强度及栽培基质对秋海棠新品种‘宁明银’生长的影响. 广西植物, 37, doi:10.11931/guihaia. gxzw201610033.] |
[1] | Dexin Liu, Qingfeng Wang, Chunfeng Yang. Flower diversity and pollination strategy in Araceae [J]. Biodiv Sci, 2022, 30(3): 21426-. |
[2] | Demei Hu, Renxiu Yao, Yan Chen, Xiansong You, Shunyu Wang, Xiaoxin Tang, Xiaoyue Wang. Tirpitzia sinensis improves pollination accuracy by promoting the compatible pollen growth [J]. Biodiv Sci, 2021, 29(7): 887-896. |
[3] | Zhenghua Xie, Youqiong Wang, Jun Cao, Jianmin Wang, Jiandong An. Ecological resilience of pollination in the face of pollinator decline: Content, mechanism and perspective [J]. Biodiv Sci, 2021, 29(7): 980-994. |
[4] | Yuanjun Yu, Huolin Luo, Nannan Liu, Dongjin Xiong, Yibo Luo, Boyun Yang. Influence of the climate change on suitable areas of Calanthe sieboldii and its pollinators in China [J]. Biodiv Sci, 2020, 28(7): 769-778. |
[5] | Liyuan Yang, Ruiwu Wang. Asymmetric interactions in fig-fig wasp mutualism [J]. Biodiv Sci, 2020, 28(11): 1324-1332. |
[6] | Xiang Wenqian,Ren Mingxun. Adaptive significance of yellow flowered Bombax ceiba (Malvaceae) [J]. Biodiv Sci, 2019, 27(4): 373-379. |
[7] | Zhuang Ping. Progress on the fertility of Rhododendron [J]. Biodiv Sci, 2019, 27(3): 327-338. |
[8] | Tu Yanli,Wang Liping,Wang Xilong,Wang Linlin,Duan Yuanwen. Status of invasive plants on local pollination networks: A case study of Tagetes minuta in Tibet based on pollen grains from pollinators [J]. Biodiv Sci, 2019, 27(3): 306-313. |
[9] | Morigengaowa , Hui Shang, Baodong Liu, Ming Kang, Yuehong Yan. One or more species? GBS sequencing and morphological traits evidence reveal species diversification of Sphaeropteris brunoniana in China [J]. Biodiv Sci, 2019, 27(11): 1196-1204. |
[10] | Hao Tian,Wanjin Liao. Consequences of clonal growth on pollinator visitation in flowering plants [J]. Biodiv Sci, 2018, 26(5): 468-475. |
[11] | Pei Yang,Yanqiong Peng,Ronghua Zhao,Darong Yang. Biological characteristics, threat factors and conservation strategies for the giant honey bee Apis dorsata [J]. Biodiv Sci, 2018, 26(5): 476-485. |
[12] | Jiaxing Huang, Jiandong An. Species diversity, pollination application and strategy for conservation of the bumblebees of China [J]. Biodiv Sci, 2018, 26(5): 486-497. |
[13] | Jannathan Mamut, Xiaojun Cheng, Dunyan Tan. Heteromorphism of florets and reproductive characteristics in Heteracia szovitsii (Asteraceae), a desert ephemeral annual herb [J]. Biodiv Sci, 2018, 26(5): 498-509. |
[14] | Yuxian Wang, Zuojun Liu, Zhigang Zhao, Meng Hou, Xiaorui Zhang, Wanling Lü. Responses of floral longevity to pollination environments in 11 species from two alpine meadows [J]. Biodiv Sci, 2018, 26(5): 510-518. |
[15] | Yaru Zhu, Yanbing Gong. Methods of wind pollination [J]. Biodiv Sci, 2017, 25(8): 864-873. |
Viewed | ||||||
Full text |
|
|||||
Abstract |
|
|||||
Copyright © 2022 Biodiversity Science
Editorial Office of Biodiversity Science, 20 Nanxincun, Xiangshan, Beijing 100093, China
Tel: 010-62836137, 62836665 E-mail: biodiversity@ibcas.ac.cn