生物多样性 ›› 2023, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (1): 22423.  DOI: 10.17520/biods.2022423

• 中国野生脊椎动物鸣声监测与生物声学研究专题 • 上一篇    下一篇

现代生物声学的学科发展趋势及中国机遇

肖治术1,7,*(), 崔建国2, 王代平3, 王志陶4, 罗金红5, 谢捷6   

  1. 1.中国科学院动物研究所农业虫害鼠害综合治理研究国家重点实验室, 北京 100101
    2.中国科学院成都生物研究所, 成都 610041
    3.中国科学院动物研究所动物生态与保护生物学(院)重点实验室, 北京 100101
    4.中国科学院水生生物研究所, 武汉 430072
    5.华中师范大学生命科学学院, 武汉 430079
    6.南京师范大学, 南京 210016
    7.中国科学院大学生命科学学院, 北京 100049
  • 收稿日期:2022-07-23 接受日期:2023-01-16 出版日期:2023-01-20 发布日期:2023-01-31
  • 通讯作者: *肖治术, E-mail: xiaozs@ioz.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(2022YFF1301401);中国科学院生物多样性监测与研究网络运行经费

Interdisciplinary development trends of contemporary bioacoustics and the opportunities for China

Zhishu Xiao1,7,*(), Jianguo Cui2, Daiping Wang3, Zhitao Wang4, Jinhong Luo5, Jie Xie6   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents in Agriculture, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101
    2. Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041
    3. Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101
    4. Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072
    5. School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079
    6. Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210016
    7. School of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049
  • Received:2022-07-23 Accepted:2023-01-16 Online:2023-01-20 Published:2023-01-31
  • Contact: *Zhishu Xiao, E-mail: xiaozs@ioz.ac.cn

摘要:

随着数字录音技术、电子学和微电子学、人工智能、信息科学等跨学科领域的技术革新, 现代生物声学逐渐与生物学、生态学等学科及关联学科之间形成了广泛的交叉前沿领域。现阶段, 现代生物声学主要以生物学、生态学等基础学科的理论方法为指导, 着重于揭示环境中各类声音在生物之间以及生物与人类、环境之间的相互作用及相关科学规律, 为人类认识、保护和利用生物声学资源提供理论基础和解决方案。本文重点阐述了现代生物声学的学科内涵和学科特征, 介绍了动物生物声学、生态声学、水下生物声学、环境生物声学、保护生物声学、计算生物声学以及现代生物声学研究的技术框架等前沿热点和发展趋势, 评估了中国生物声学研究的学科现状与发展机遇, 并对未来学科建设进行了展望。

关键词: 动物生物声学, 生态声学, 水下生物声学, 环境生物声学, 保护生物声学, 计算生物声学, 人类噪声, 被动声学监测, 交叉科学

Abstract

Background: Contemporary bioacoustics is an interdisciplinary science by combining biology and ecology with acoustics. Through the mutual penetration and integration of technological innovation and many disciplinary fields from natural and social science, it has gradually formed the characteristics of transdisciplinary fields, such as strong compatibility, high technological dependence, and wide application scenarios. Though bioacoustics has expanded into many interdisciplinary fields and application scenarios, a comprehensive understanding of bioacoustics as a discipline in scientific communities at home and abroad are still lacking. Therefore, it is necessary to systematically evaluate the development status, main research issues and frontier topics of contemporary bioacoustics.

Scope of bioacoustics: Contemporary bioacoustics is a new interdisciplinary science that studies the relationship between sounds of organisms and their ecological environment. With the technological innovation and application of interdisciplinary fields such as digital recording, electronics and microelectronics, artificial intelligence and information science, the research depth and breadth of contemporary bioacoustics are continually expanding, and it has gradually formed a diversified frontier issues with biology, ecology and other disciplines. Currently, bioacoustics is mainly guided by theories and methods from basic disciplines of biology and ecology. The research focus is to reveal the interaction and scientific theories of various sounds among organisms, and among organisms, human beings and the environment in the natural and man-made environment, so as to provide theoretical basis and solutions for human beings to recognize, protect and utilize bioacoustic resources.

Aims: By reviewing relevant literature at home and abroad, combined with our practice and thinking, this paper focuses on the interdisciplinary properties and key topics of contemporary bioacoustics, and introduces frontier topics and development trends in animal bioacoustics, ecological acoustics, underwater bioacoustics, environmental bioacoustics, conservation bioacoustics, computational bioacoustics, and bioacoustic monitoring and analysis. The status and development opportunities of bioacoustics research in China are also evaluated and analyzed, and the future discipline construction is prospected.

Conclusions: Bioacoustic research is conducive to the fully understanding and scientific use of bioacoustic resources and related scientific theories. Its achievements can be used as scientific guidance and decision-making basis for life health and biosafety, the conservation and utilization of bioacoustic resources and the protection of ecological environment. In sum, interdisciplinary development of bioacoustics can provide high-quality services for the progress of ecological civilization and the construction of a beautiful and healthy China.

Key words: animal bioacoustics, ecoacoustics, underwater bioacoustics, environmental bioacoustics, conservation bioacoustics, computational bioacoustics, anthropogenic noise, passive acoustic monitoring, interdisciplinary science