城市绿地作为迁徙陆鸟中途停歇地的栖息地质量及其受留野措施的影响

doi:10.17520/biods.2024046

生物多样性 ›› 2024, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (8): 24046. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2024046 cstr: 32101.14.biods.2024046

城市绿地作为迁徙陆鸟中途停歇地的栖息地质量及其受留野措施的影响

刘双祺¹(), 华方圆¹^,^*()(), 夏舫², 闫亮亮², 于方³, 叶红³, 彭澎³, 张东元³, 关雪燕³, 付建平³, 梁烜³, 侯笑如³, 李晓阳³, 赵欣如³^,⁴^,^*()

1.北京大学城市与环境学院生态研究中心, 北京 100871
2.北京市海淀区湿地和野生动植物保护管理中心, 北京 100194
3.中国观鸟会, 北京 100029
4.北京师范大学, 北京 100875

收稿日期:2024-01-31 接受日期:2024-08-07 出版日期:2024-08-20 发布日期:2024-09-09
通讯作者: *E-mail: fhua@pku.edu.cn;xrzhao@bnu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(32122057)

Stopover habitat quality of urban green space for migratory landbirds and the impact of urban wilding measures

Shuangqi Liu¹(), Fangyuan Hua¹^,^*()(), Fang Xia², Liangliang Yan², Fang Yu³, Hong Ye³, Peng Peng³, Dongyuan Zhang³, Xueyan Guan³, Jianping Fu³, Xuan Liang³, Xiaoru Hou³, Xiaoyang Li³, Xinru Zhao³^,⁴^,^*()

1 Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
2 Haidian Wetland and Wildlife Conservation and Management Center, Beijing 100194, China
3 China Bird Watching Society, Beijing 100029, China
4 Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China

Received:2024-01-31 Accepted:2024-08-07 Online:2024-08-20 Published:2024-09-09
Contact: *E-mail: fhua@pku.edu.cn;xrzhao@bnu.edu.cn
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(32122057)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

当前全球候鸟的种群数量正普遍下降, 迫切需要采取有效的保护措施。多种候鸟, 特别是迁徙陆鸟, 会利用城市绿地作为中途停歇地进行能量补给。鉴于全球范围内城市化进程还将持续, 如果城市绿地能为迁徙陆鸟提供高质量的中途停歇地, 将给迁徙陆鸟保护带来重大机遇。实现这个愿景的一个关键基础, 是准确评估城市绿地作为这些鸟类中途停歇地的栖息地质量(包括在特定的绿地建设与管理措施下)。本研究从能量补给条件的视角出发, 以体重增长率为指标, 利用鸟类环志数据评估了北京翠湖国家城市湿地公园作为迁徙陆鸟中途停歇地的栖息地质量。研究还聚焦留野(即停止或减少园林养护操作, 降低对自然演替的干预)这一广受提倡的“生物多样性友好型”绿地管理措施, 探究了该措施对迁徙陆鸟中途停歇地栖息地质量的提升成效。在分析的所有“迁徙陆鸟物种-春/秋季”的组合中, 大部分都表现出显著大于0的体重增长率, 表明翠湖湿地公园能为多种不同生态需求的迁徙陆鸟提供能量补给条件。但是, 总体而言留野措施对能量补给条件的影响并不明显, 仅有2个“物种-季节”组合显示留野有提升能量补给条件的迹象。

关键词: 城市绿地, 迁徙陆鸟, 中途停歇地, 能量补给, 留野

Abstract

Aims: Migratory birds are experiencing widespread population declines, highlighting the urgency of effective conservation actions. Various migratory bird species, especially migratory landbirds, have been documented to use urban green space as stopover sites, including for refueling purposes. Considering the ongoing global urbanization, urban green space can potentially present great opportunities for the conservation of migratory landbirds by providing high-quality stopover habitats for these birds. However, this prospect premises on the accurate assessment of the stopover habitat quality of urban green space for migratory landbirds, including under specific management measures. In this study, we assessed the stopover habitat quality of an urban park in Beijing for migratory landbirds over a nine-year period, and we tested the response of this quality to a set of urban wilding measures implemented by the park to increase the naturalness of park vegetation.

Methods: We measured the stopover habitat quality for migratory landbirds by refueling conditions as represented by the rate of birds’ body mass gain, focusing on the Cuihu Wetland Park in the northwestern corner of central Beijing where a bird ringing program has been running since 2014. We used ringing data from 2015 to 2023 to estimate the hourly rate of body mass gain for each species within each migration season, for the species-season combinations with ≥ 50 captured individuals. We further examined whether this rate responded positively to the urban wilding measures implemented in the park since 2017 (i.e. allowing the vegetation to naturally develop by not mowing, pruning, or clearing leaflitter and seedlings).

Results: Of the 19 species-season combinations we were able to assess, we observed significant hourly body mass gain for the majority of combinations, involving 12 migratory landbird species from four families. However, overall, we did not find obvious impacts of urban wilding measures on birds’ refueling conditions, with only two species-season combinations showing indications of hourly body mass gain under these measures.

Conclusions: Our results suggest that Cuihu Wetland Park can offer positive refueling conditions for multiple species of migratory landbirds that have diverse dietary preferences and foraging strategies, providing scientific evidence for the value of urban green space as stopover habitat for migratory landbirds. Additionally, urban wilding measures may have enhanced these refueling conditions for at least some of the species, although further research is needed to robustly test this potential benefit. More generally, our study also serves as a proof-of-concept case for wider assessments of stopover habitat quality for migratory landbirds using data on their refueling performance.

Key words: urban green space, migratory landbirds, stopover site, refueling, urban wilding measures

刘双祺, 华方圆, 夏舫, 闫亮亮, 于方, 叶红, 彭澎, 张东元, 关雪燕, 付建平, 梁烜, 侯笑如, 李晓阳, 赵欣如 (2024) 城市绿地作为迁徙陆鸟中途停歇地的栖息地质量及其受留野措施的影响. 生物多样性, 32, 24046. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2024046.

Shuangqi Liu, Fangyuan Hua, Fang Xia, Liangliang Yan, Fang Yu, Hong Ye, Peng Peng, Dongyuan Zhang, Xueyan Guan, Jianping Fu, Xuan Liang, Xiaoru Hou, Xiaoyang Li, Xinru Zhao (2024) Stopover habitat quality of urban green space for migratory landbirds and the impact of urban wilding measures. Biodiversity Science, 32, 24046. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2024046.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2024046

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2024/V32/I8/24046

图/表 3

图1 翠湖湿地公园的位置及北京城区土地覆盖。“城六区”是北京的中心城区和拓展区; 土地覆盖数据来自Zanaga等(2022)。

Fig. 1 The location of Cuihu Wetland Park and the land cover of ‘Urban Beijing’. Urban Beijing is represented by the ‘Six Urban Districts’ (城六区), the six core administrative districts of Beijing (i.e. not including suburban districts). Land cover data are from Zanaga et al (2022).

图2 迁徙陆鸟的体重增长率。(A) “无重捕”方法得到的12种迁徙陆鸟的昼间每小时体重增长率。每个点代表一个物种-季节组合的体重增长率估计值, 相应的竖线代表估计值的95%置信区间, 相应物种学名已标注在上方, 字体为绿色代表春天, 为棕红色代表秋天。(B) “有重捕”方法估算的红喉姬鹟重捕个体体重增长与当日时刻之差(减去日期差值之后剩余的时间差值)的关系。每个点代表一次重捕, 拟合线是日期之差取中位数(2天)时得到的。

Fig. 2 The rate of body mass gain of migratory landbirds. (A) Hourly rate of daytime body mass gain of 12 migratory landbird species obtained using the ‘no-recapture’ method, i.e. using all data available for each species-season combination. Each point represents the estimated hourly rate of daytime body mass gain for a species-season combination; each vertical line represents the 95% confidence interval for the corresponding rate estimate. The scientific names of the species are labeled above, with green color indicating spring and ochre color indicating autumn. (B) Relationship between body mass gain and recapture interval in time of the day (the remaining recapture interval after subtracting the recapture interval in date) for a given recaptured individual of Taiga Flycatcher, based on the ‘recapture’ method, i.e. using only data from individuals with recapture records within the same season. Each point represents a recapture event; the shaded polygon represents confidence bands for predictions of body mass gain. The fitted line is based on the median value for the recapture interval in date (i.e. 2 days).

图3 留野对迁徙陆鸟在城市绿地中体重增长影响的模型分析结果。三幅图分别呈现3个预测变量在7个物种-季节组合中的效应; 每个点代表变量效应的估计值, 相应的横线代表估计值的95%置信区间。特定物种-季节组合的特定效应估计值缺失, 表明该变量未进入最佳模型。

Fig. 3 The impact of urban wilding measures on the body mass gain of migratory landbirds in urban green space according to best models based on model selection. Each of the three panels displays the coefficient of one predictor variable for the seven species-season combinations, with each point representing the estimated coefficient value, and the corresponding horizontal lines representing its 95% confidence intervals. Some coefficient estimates are missing for certain species-season combinations, indicating that those variables did not enter the best model.

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城市绿地作为迁徙陆鸟中途停歇地的栖息地质量及其受留野措施的影响

Stopover habitat quality of urban green space for migratory landbirds and the impact of urban wilding measures

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