野生和养殖大鲵群体遗传多样性的微卫星分析

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.08105

生物多样性 ›› 2008, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (6): 533-538. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.08105

野生和养殖大鲵群体遗传多样性的微卫星分析

孟彦¹, 杨焱清¹, 张燕², 肖汉兵¹^,^*()

1 中国水产科学研究院淡水生态与健康养殖重点开放实验室, 湖北荆州 434000
2 农业部淡水生物多样性保护与利用重点开放实验室, 湖北荆州 434000

收稿日期:2008-04-30 接受日期:2008-07-28 出版日期:2008-11-20 发布日期:2008-11-20
通讯作者: 肖汉兵
基金资助:
农业科技成果转化项目(05EFN216900350);国家科技支撑计划专项(2006BAD03B08-04);国家科技基础条件平台专项(2006DKA30470-002)

A comparison of genetic diversity between wild and cultured populations of the Chinese giant salamander, Andrias davidianus, based on microsatellite analyses

Yan Meng¹, Yanqing Yang¹, Yan Zhang², Hanbing Xiao¹^,^*()

1 Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Healthy Aquaculture, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Jingzhou, Hubei 434000
2 Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Jingzhou, Hubei 434000

Received:2008-04-30 Accepted:2008-07-28 Online:2008-11-20 Published:2008-11-20
Contact: Hanbing Xiao
About author:* E-mail: xhb@yfi.ac.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

中国大鲵是世界上最大的两栖动物并且为我国特有,现在该物种野生种群急剧下降, 而人工养殖种群逐渐增多。为了对大鲵(Andrias davidianus)群体进行遗传多样性的本底调查, 本文用10对微卫星引物对28尾野生大鲵和16尾人工养殖的大鲵样本进行了遗传多样性分析。结果表明, 在10对引物中有7对检测到多态位点, 野生群体和养殖群体的观察等位基因数分别为5-8和4-6, 期望杂合度分别为0.81和0.75, 说明本实验中研究的大鲵的遗传多样性水平较高。通过人工养殖群体和野生群体的比较发现, 人工养殖群体存在较大的等位基因丢失现象, 并且遗传多样性水平低于野生群体。以上结果将为大鲵的人工繁育和遗传多样性的保护、利用提供一定的理论依据。

关键词: Andrias davidianus, 微卫星标记, 等位基因, 多态信息含量

Abstract

The Chinese giant salamander (Andrias davidianus) is world’s largest amphibian and is endemic to China. Wild populations of the species have declined drastically, while domesticated populations have increased in recent years. To estimate genetic variation in the Chinese giant salamander, we analyzed ten microsatellite loci of 44 individuals from two wild and one domesticated populations. A total of 52 alleles were found from seven loci shown to be polymorphic. The number of alleles ranged from 6 to 9 (mean 7.4). The polymorphism information content (PIC) of all populations at all loci exceeded 0.54 except the YQY at GS134 (0.3750), suggesting high polymorphism at microsatellite markers. Compared with the wild populations, some alleles in the domesticated population were drifted and thePIC was lower. Our results may provide a theoretical basis for conservation and exploitation of giant salamanders in China.

Key words: Andrias davidianus, microsatellite DNA markers, allele, PIC

孟彦, 杨焱清, 张燕, 肖汉兵 (2008) 野生和养殖大鲵群体遗传多样性的微卫星分析. 生物多样性, 16, 533-538. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.08105.

Yan Meng, Yanqing Yang, Yan Zhang, Hanbing Xiao (2008) A comparison of genetic diversity between wild and cultured populations of the Chinese giant salamander, Andrias davidianus, based on microsatellite analyses. Biodiversity Science, 16, 533-538. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.08105.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.08105

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2008/V16/I6/533

图/表 3

参考文献 12

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座位 Locus	引物序列 Primer sequence (5'-3')	片段大小 Size (bp)	重复类型 SSR motif	退火温度 Annealing temperature (℃)
GS82	F: CGTAGGGGTTACAAAATCA	227	(AG)₂₀	48.0
GS82	R: CAGTCTGTGCCATTCATTTC	227	(AG)₂₀	48.0
GS17	F: TTCTCATTTTGTTTCCTATTGC	266	(CT)₂₀	48.0
GS17	R: CACAGTAAGGACGCAGTAAAA	266	(CT)₂₀	48.0
GS120	F: TCTCATTTTGTTTCCTATTG	239	(CT)₂₀	54.5
GS120	R: GTTGGAAATTAAAGGCAC	239	(CT)₂₀	54.5
GS134	F: TTCTCACCAATATGCCACC	168	(GA)₁₇	60.8
GS134	R: TCAACTTTGCTGAAAATCCA	168	(GA)₁₇	60.8
GS66	F: GTGATTACAACTCGTGGACTG	205	(GTGA)₂₀	60.8
GS66	R: GTAGTCTTGGTGGGAGGGTAG	205	(GTGA)₂₀	60.8
GS132	F: CATACATCTACAACTACATCCGA	206	(AC)₃₀	59.0
GS132	R: TCTTCAAGCGAGCTTTTACT	206	(AC)₃₀	59.0
GS96	F: ACAGTAAGGACGCAGTAAA	163	(AG)₂₀	60.0
GS96	R: TCTAACCTACCACTCCTGCT	163	(AG)₂₀	60.0
GS78	F: ATTGGGGAGAAATAAAGTG	219	(TAGA)₂₀	53.0
GS78	R: GTGCTTGCACAACCTAATC	219	(TAGA)₂₀	53.0
GS105	F: CTTACATTTCGCACGGATTT	260	(AG)₅…(AG)₆	56.5
GS105	R: ATGGCACATTGTAGGAGTTT	260	(AG)₅…(AG)₆	56.5
GS122	F: TTCAGGAGGGACAGGGAGA	370	(AG)₁₀…(AG)₅…(AG)₅…(AG)₅…(AG)₁₂	59.6
GS122	R: TGCCCTTCTTTAGAGCTACTTCC	370	(AG)₁₀…(AG)₅…(AG)₅…(AG)₅…(AG)₁₂	59.6

座位 Locus	引物序列 Primer sequence (5'-3')	片段大小 Size (bp)	重复类型 SSR motif	退火温度 Annealing temperature (℃)
GS82	F: CGTAGGGGTTACAAAATCA	227	(AG)₂₀	48.0
GS82	R: CAGTCTGTGCCATTCATTTC	227	(AG)₂₀	48.0
GS17	F: TTCTCATTTTGTTTCCTATTGC	266	(CT)₂₀	48.0
GS17	R: CACAGTAAGGACGCAGTAAAA	266	(CT)₂₀	48.0
GS120	F: TCTCATTTTGTTTCCTATTG	239	(CT)₂₀	54.5
GS120	R: GTTGGAAATTAAAGGCAC	239	(CT)₂₀	54.5
GS134	F: TTCTCACCAATATGCCACC	168	(GA)₁₇	60.8
GS134	R: TCAACTTTGCTGAAAATCCA	168	(GA)₁₇	60.8
GS66	F: GTGATTACAACTCGTGGACTG	205	(GTGA)₂₀	60.8
GS66	R: GTAGTCTTGGTGGGAGGGTAG	205	(GTGA)₂₀	60.8
GS132	F: CATACATCTACAACTACATCCGA	206	(AC)₃₀	59.0
GS132	R: TCTTCAAGCGAGCTTTTACT	206	(AC)₃₀	59.0
GS96	F: ACAGTAAGGACGCAGTAAA	163	(AG)₂₀	60.0
GS96	R: TCTAACCTACCACTCCTGCT	163	(AG)₂₀	60.0
GS78	F: ATTGGGGAGAAATAAAGTG	219	(TAGA)₂₀	53.0
GS78	R: GTGCTTGCACAACCTAATC	219	(TAGA)₂₀	53.0
GS105	F: CTTACATTTCGCACGGATTT	260	(AG)₅…(AG)₆	56.5
GS105	R: ATGGCACATTGTAGGAGTTT	260	(AG)₅…(AG)₆	56.5
GS122	F: TTCAGGAGGGACAGGGAGA	370	(AG)₁₀…(AG)₅…(AG)₅…(AG)₅…(AG)₁₂	59.6
GS122	R: TGCCCTTCTTTAGAGCTACTTCC	370	(AG)₁₀…(AG)₅…(AG)₅…(AG)₅…(AG)₁₂	59.6

座位 Locus	等位基因 Allele	群体 Population			座位 Locus	等位基因 Allele	群体 Population
座位 Locus	等位基因 Allele	CJY	YQY	YQR			CJY	YQY	YQR
GS122	A	0.2188	0.2000	0.2000	GS132	A	0.1667	0.1500	0.1667
	B	0.1875	0.2500	0.3000		B	0.0833	0.1000	0.2778
	C	0.0938	0.0500	-		C	0.1389	-	-
	D	0.2188	0.3000	0.2500		D	0.2500	0.2500	0.1667
	E	0.1250	0.1500	0.2500		E	-	0.1000	-
	F	0.1562	0.0500	-		F	-	0.1000	-
GS134	A	0.0556	0.1875	0.0625		G	0.1111	0.1000	0.2778
	B	0.0833	0.1875	0.3750		H	0.1944	0.1000	0.1111
	C	0.2778	0.1250	0.1875		I	0.0556	0.1000	-
	D	0.1389	-	-	GS105	A	-	0.1000	-
	E	0.0278	0.1250	-		B	-	0.0500	0.0500
	F	0.3056	0.3750	0.0625		C	0.3529	0.2500	0.3500
	G	0.1111	-	0.3125		D	0.1176	0.0500	0.1000
GS66	A	0.0625	-	0.1000		E	0.0294	-	-
	B	0.2188	0.1111	0.1500		F	-	0.1500	-
	C	0.2188	0.1667	0.0500		G	0.0588	0.0500	-
	D	0.2188	0.1667	0.0500		H	0.4118	0.3000	-
	E	0.2188	0.1111	0.4000		I	0.0294	0.0500	0.5000
	F	0.0625	0.2222	0.2500	GS78	A	0.0278	0.1111	-
	G	0.0938	0.1667	-		B	0.0556	0.0556	0.1250
	H	-	0.0556	-		C	0.2778	0.0556	0.0625
GS96	A	0.1667	0.2222	-		D	0.3889	0.1111	-
	B	-	0.1667	0.4444		E	0.1111	0.5556	0.5625
	C	0.1667	0.2222	0.0556		F	0.1111	-	0.2500
	D	0.4444	0.2778	0.1667		G	0.0278	0.1111	-
	E	0.1389	0.1111	0.3333
	F	0.0833	-	-

座位 Locus	等位基因 Allele	群体 Population			座位 Locus	等位基因 Allele	群体 Population
座位 Locus	等位基因 Allele	CJY	YQY	YQR			CJY	YQY	YQR
GS122	A	0.2188	0.2000	0.2000	GS132	A	0.1667	0.1500	0.1667
	B	0.1875	0.2500	0.3000		B	0.0833	0.1000	0.2778
	C	0.0938	0.0500	-		C	0.1389	-	-
	D	0.2188	0.3000	0.2500		D	0.2500	0.2500	0.1667
	E	0.1250	0.1500	0.2500		E	-	0.1000	-
	F	0.1562	0.0500	-		F	-	0.1000	-
GS134	A	0.0556	0.1875	0.0625		G	0.1111	0.1000	0.2778
	B	0.0833	0.1875	0.3750		H	0.1944	0.1000	0.1111
	C	0.2778	0.1250	0.1875		I	0.0556	0.1000	-
	D	0.1389	-	-	GS105	A	-	0.1000	-
	E	0.0278	0.1250	-		B	-	0.0500	0.0500
	F	0.3056	0.3750	0.0625		C	0.3529	0.2500	0.3500
	G	0.1111	-	0.3125		D	0.1176	0.0500	0.1000
GS66	A	0.0625	-	0.1000		E	0.0294	-	-
	B	0.2188	0.1111	0.1500		F	-	0.1500	-
	C	0.2188	0.1667	0.0500		G	0.0588	0.0500	-
	D	0.2188	0.1667	0.0500		H	0.4118	0.3000	-
	E	0.2188	0.1111	0.4000		I	0.0294	0.0500	0.5000
	F	0.0625	0.2222	0.2500	GS78	A	0.0278	0.1111	-
	G	0.0938	0.1667	-		B	0.0556	0.0556	0.1250
	H	-	0.0556	-		C	0.2778	0.0556	0.0625
GS96	A	0.1667	0.2222	-		D	0.3889	0.1111	-
	B	-	0.1667	0.4444		E	0.1111	0.5556	0.5625
	C	0.1667	0.2222	0.0556		F	0.1111	-	0.2500
	D	0.4444	0.2778	0.1667		G	0.0278	0.1111	-
	E	0.1389	0.1111	0.3333
	F	0.0833	-	-

位点 Locus	群体 Population	等位基因数 N_a	有效等位基因数 N_e	Shannon 指数 I	多态信息含量 PIC	固定指数 F	观察杂合度 H_o	期望杂合度 H_e	平均杂合度 Heterozygosity
GS96	CJY	6	3.5801	1.4389	0.6837	-0.2740	0.9444	0.7413	0.7207
	YQY	6	4.6286	1.5671	0.7490	-0.0708	0.8889	0.8301	0.7840
	YQR	4	3.5433	1.3101	0.5974	-0.3468	1.0000	0.7425	0.7178
GS122	CJY	6	5.5652	1.7507	0.7947	-0.1809	1.0000	0.8468	0.8203
	YQY	6	4.5455	1.6138	0.7457	-0.2179	1.0000	0.8211	0.7800
	YQR	4	3.7190	1.3479	0.6975	-0.3222	1.0000	0.7563	0.7311
GS134	CJY	7	4.6957	1.7036	0.7569	-0.2353	1.0000	0.8095	0.7870
	YQY	5	4.1290	1.5154	0.3750	-0.2372	1.0000	0.8083	0.7578
	YQR	5	3.3800	1.3986	0.6702	-0.3656	1.0000	0.7323	0.7041
GS66	CJY	7	5.6889	1.8258	0.7579	0.6327	0.3125	0.8508	0.8242
	YQY	7	6.2308	1.8790	0.8188	0.1250	0.7778	0.8889	0.8395
	YQR	6	5.0196	1.7671	0.7025	0.1683	0.6875	0.8266	0.8008
GS132	CJY	7	5.8909	1.8496	0.8081	-0.1710	1.0000	0.8540	0.8302
	YQY	8	6.8966	2.0127	0.8390	0.0000	0.9000	0.9000	0.8550
	YQR	5	5.2941	1.8372	0.7819	-0.1918	1.0000	0.8391	0.8111
GS78	CJY	7	3.8802	1.5710	0.8571	0.3451	0.5000	0.7635	0.7423
	YQY	6	2.8421	1.3801	0.6200	0.1904	0.5556	0.6863	0.6481
	YQR	4	3.4386	1.4205	0.5471	0.4172	0.4286	0.7354	0.7092
GS105	CJY	6	3.1934	1.3588	0.6333	-0.4130	1.0000	0.7077	0.6869
	YQY	8	5.1282	1.8217	0.7796	-0.1801	1.0000	0.8474	0.8050
	YQR	4	2.6806	1.1084	0.5444	-0.5451	1.0000	0.6472	0.6270

野生和养殖大鲵群体遗传多样性的微卫星分析

A comparison of genetic diversity between wild and cultured populations of the Chinese giant salamander, Andrias davidianus, based on microsatellite analyses

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