Aims: This study aims to systematically compile the inventory of terrestrial mammals in Hainan Province, clarify the taxonomic status of certain species, and provide scientific references for the conservation and management of biodiversity in Hainan.
Methods: We systematically collected
literature data on the classification and distribution of terrestrial mammals
in Hainan Province over the past few decades. The study integrates field survey
data, infrared camera monitoring data, and refers to the most recent
references, including the Catalogue of Mammals in China (2024) and Diversity of China’s
Mammals Inventory, Distribution and Conservation.
Results: The main results are as
follows: (1) A total of 97 species of terrestrial mammals in Hainan Province,
belonging to 9 orders, 26 families, and 61 genera. Chiroptera dominates,
followed by Rodentia. (2) Among the 97 species, 6 are first-class nationally
protected wild mammals, and 11 are second-class national protection.
Additionally, 7 species are endemic to Hainan Province. According to the IUCN
Red List (2021), 2 species are Critically Endangered (CR), 3 are Endangered
(EN), 5 are Vulnerable (VU), and 6 are Near Threatened (NT). (3) From the
perspective of faunal regions, 85 species belong to the Oriental Realm, 9
species belong to the Palearctic Realm, and 3 species are widely distributed.
The Oriental realm accounts for 88% of the terrestrial mammal species in
Hainan, showing absolute dominance. (4) A comparison with the 2009 a correction
on the catalogue of Hainan Island’s mammals reveals 22 newly added species,
including Chiromyscus langbians, Chiropodomys gliroides, Rattus
andamanensis, R. exulans, Crocidura rapax, Eonycteris
spelaea, Lyroderma lyra, Hipposideros pomona, H. pratti, Rhinolophus shortridgei, Miniopterus fuliginosus, Kerivoula
furva, Harpiocephalus harpia, Murina aurata, M. eleryi, M. harrisoni, Myotis chinensis, M. davidii, Myotis
horsfieldii, M. siligorensis, Pipistrellus pipistrellus, and P.
tenuis, while 75 species from the previous catalog remain.
Conclusion: Our study through the
compilation and updating of the species diversity of terrestrial mammals in
Hainan Province, provides foundational support for regional wildlife
conservation and management efforts.