Community composition and structure in a 25 ha mid-subtropical mountain deciduous broad-leaved forest dynamics plot in Shennongjia, Hubei, China

doi:10.17520/biods.2023338

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims: The deciduous broad-leaved forest in Shennongjia is a typical ecosystem that is well preserved on the northern edges of the middle subtropical zone. In order to explore underlying mechanisms of species diversity maintenance and forest dynamics in a mid-subtropical mountain region, a 25 ha forest dynamics plot of deciduous broad-leaved forest was constructed on the southern slope of Shennongjia in 2022, following the protocol of the Forest Global Earth Observatory (ForestGEO) and the Chinese Forest Biodiversity Monitoring Network (CForBio). The establishment of this plot had complemented the forest dynamics monitoring network in China.
Methods: Based on the survey data of all woody plants (omitting bamboo and vines) with diameter at breast height (DBH) ≥ 1 cm, the plot was analyzed based on community composition, plant flora, and community structure. All of these individuals had been subjected to species identification, DBH measurement and coordinate measurement.
Results: Results suggested that the plot, characterized by an elevation difference of 334 m, accommodated 61,054 surviving individuals (total 97,664 individuals including branches) belonging to 149 species (including varieties), 79 genera and 44 families of woody plants. There were 28 evergreen and 121 deciduous tree species, respectively, and 44 (29.5%) rare species (< 1 ind./ha) were recorded in the plot. Individuals with sprouts accounted for 26.8% of the total population, while species with sprouts accounted for 93.3% of the total number of the plot. The plot had typical transitional characteristics from the middle subtropical zone to the north subtropical zone, dominated by both tropical families (43.2%, 19 families) and north temperate genera (44.3%, 35 genera). The canopy layer was dominated by Quercus aliena var. acutiserrata and Fagus engleriana, with importance values of 7.5% and 6.6%. The average DBH of trees species was 7.71 cm, and individuals with DBH ≤ 10 cm were dominant (76.7%). The size class distribution of dominant species mainly showed both an inverted “J” type and a normal distribution type.
Conclusion: Shennongjia mid-subtropical montane deciduous broad-leaved forest is rich in species diversity and diverse in flora, compared to plots at similar latitudes. The community structure is stable, with a high root sprouting ratio and successful regeneration.

Key words: mid-subtropical zone, forest dynamics plot, biodiversity, flora, importance value, community structure

Jiaxin Wei, Zhiguo Jiang, Linsen Yang, Huanhuan Xiong, Jiaojiao Jin, Fanglin Luo, Jiehua Li, Hao Wu, Yaozhan Xu, Xiujuan Qiao, Xinzeng Wei, Hui Yao, Huiliang Yu, Jingyuan Yang, Mingxi Jiang. Community composition and structure in a 25 ha mid-subtropical mountain deciduous broad-leaved forest dynamics plot in Shennongjia, Hubei, China[J]. Biodiv Sci, 2024, 32(3): 23338.

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URL: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/10.17520/biods.2023338

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/Y2024/V32/I3/23338

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物种名 Species name	所属科 Family name	多度 Abundance	胸高断面积 Basal area (m²/ha)	重要值 Importance value	生活型 Life form	所在林层 Stratum
锐齿槲栎 Quercus aliena var. acutiserrata	壳斗科 Fagaceae	2,141	136.1234	0.0749	D	C
五裂槭 Acer oliverianum	无患子科 Sapindaceae	7,556	109.6617	0.0742	D	U
米心水青冈 Fagus engleriana	壳斗科 Fagaceae	2,345	95.9016	0.0663	D	C
红桦 Betula albosinensis	桦木科 Betulaceae	1,670	50.5613	0.0571	D	C
三桠乌药 Lindera obtusiloba	樟科 Lauraceae	2,552	50.5005	0.0455	D	U
四蕊槭 Acer stachyophyllum subsp. betulifolium	无患子科 Sapindaceae	3,284	31.8017	0.0310	D	U
荚蒾 Viburnum dilatatum	五福花科 Adoxaceae	3,089	22.9315	0.0277	D	S
水榆花楸 Sorbus alnifolia	蔷薇科 Rosaceae	1,951	19.0111	0.0248	D	C
漆 Toxicodendron vernicifluum	漆树科 Anacardiaceae	924	17.2718	0.0247	D	C
宜昌木姜子 Litsea ichangensis	樟科 Lauraceae	2,075	15.0823	0.0223	D	U
扇叶槭 Acer flabellatum	无患子科 Sapindaceae	1,700	13.4471	0.0211	D	U
藏刺榛 Corylus ferox var. thibetica	桦木科 Betulaceae	1,376	12.9734	0.0190	D	U
五角槭 Acer pictum subsp. mono	无患子科 Sapindaceae	1,679	12.9289	0.0190	D	U
老鸹铃 Styrax hemsleyanus	安息香科 Styracaceae	1,208	12.2187	0.0183	D	U
江南花楸 Sorbus hemsleyi	蔷薇科 Rosaceae	805	11.8934	0.0176	D	U

物种名 Species name	所属科 Family name	多度 Abundance	胸高断面积 Basal area (m²/ha)	重要值 Importance value	生活型 Life form	所在林层 Stratum
锐齿槲栎 Quercus aliena var. acutiserrata	壳斗科 Fagaceae	2,141	136.1234	0.0749	D	C
五裂槭 Acer oliverianum	无患子科 Sapindaceae	7,556	109.6617	0.0742	D	U
米心水青冈 Fagus engleriana	壳斗科 Fagaceae	2,345	95.9016	0.0663	D	C
红桦 Betula albosinensis	桦木科 Betulaceae	1,670	50.5613	0.0571	D	C
三桠乌药 Lindera obtusiloba	樟科 Lauraceae	2,552	50.5005	0.0455	D	U
四蕊槭 Acer stachyophyllum subsp. betulifolium	无患子科 Sapindaceae	3,284	31.8017	0.0310	D	U
荚蒾 Viburnum dilatatum	五福花科 Adoxaceae	3,089	22.9315	0.0277	D	S
水榆花楸 Sorbus alnifolia	蔷薇科 Rosaceae	1,951	19.0111	0.0248	D	C
漆 Toxicodendron vernicifluum	漆树科 Anacardiaceae	924	17.2718	0.0247	D	C
宜昌木姜子 Litsea ichangensis	樟科 Lauraceae	2,075	15.0823	0.0223	D	U
扇叶槭 Acer flabellatum	无患子科 Sapindaceae	1,700	13.4471	0.0211	D	U
藏刺榛 Corylus ferox var. thibetica	桦木科 Betulaceae	1,376	12.9734	0.0190	D	U
五角槭 Acer pictum subsp. mono	无患子科 Sapindaceae	1,679	12.9289	0.0190	D	U
老鸹铃 Styrax hemsleyanus	安息香科 Styracaceae	1,208	12.2187	0.0183	D	U
江南花楸 Sorbus hemsleyi	蔷薇科 Rosaceae	805	11.8934	0.0176	D	U

编号 Code	分布类型 Distribution type	科数 No. of families	属数 No. of genera
1	世界分布 Cosmopolitan	7	1
2	泛热带分布 Pantropic	7	7
3	热带亚洲及热带美洲间断分布 Tropical Asia & Tropical America disjuncted	7	3
4	旧世界热带 Old World Tropics		1
5	热带亚洲至热带大洋洲分布 Tropical Asia to Tropical Australasia Oceania	1	1
6	热带亚洲至热带非洲分布 Tropical Asia to Tropical Africa	1
7	热带亚洲分布 Tropical Asia	2	2
	热带成分(分布型2-7)小计 Subtotal of tropical (Distribution type 2-7)	19	14
8	北温带分布 North Temperate	14	35
9	东亚及北美间断分布 East Asia & North America disjuncted	2	11
10	旧世界温带分布 Old World Temperate		2
14	东亚分布 East Asia	3	14
15	中国特有 Endemic to China		2
	总计 Total	44	79

编号 Code	分布类型 Distribution type	科数 No. of families	属数 No. of genera
1	世界分布 Cosmopolitan	7	1
2	泛热带分布 Pantropic	7	7
3	热带亚洲及热带美洲间断分布 Tropical Asia & Tropical America disjuncted	7	3
4	旧世界热带 Old World Tropics		1
5	热带亚洲至热带大洋洲分布 Tropical Asia to Tropical Australasia Oceania	1	1
6	热带亚洲至热带非洲分布 Tropical Asia to Tropical Africa	1
7	热带亚洲分布 Tropical Asia	2	2
	热带成分(分布型2-7)小计 Subtotal of tropical (Distribution type 2-7)	19	14
8	北温带分布 North Temperate	14	35
9	东亚及北美间断分布 East Asia & North America disjuncted	2	11
10	旧世界温带分布 Old World Temperate		2
14	东亚分布 East Asia	3	14
15	中国特有 Endemic to China		2
	总计 Total	44	79

物种 Species	萌枝个体数 No. of sprouting individuals (%)
四蕊槭 Acer stachyophyllum subsp. betulifolium	1,499 (45.65)
米心水青冈 Fagus engleriana	1,283 (54.71)
荚蒾 Viburnum dilatatum	1,063 (32.37)
三桠乌药 Lindera obtusiloba	998 (39.11)
宜昌木姜子 Litsea ichangensis	751 (36.19)
藏刺榛 Corylus ferox var. thibetica	625 (45.42)
五裂槭 Acer oliverianum	603 (7.98)
钝叶木姜子 Litsea veitchiana	575 (39.85)
蜡瓣花 Corylopsis sinensis	356 (76.89)
披针叶胡颓子 Elaeagnus lanceolata	355 (60.14)