Effect of film-mulched treatment on weed diversity in rice field

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1003.2009.08349

Abstract

Abstract:

Mulch film is applied to and can greatly increase rice yield in mountainous and hilly areas of Central and Southwest China. Weeds are important pests in rice fields, but little knowledge exists about how mulch film impacts weed diversity in rice fields. Herein, we investigated the composition, density, and diversity of weed communities in film-mulched and conventional rice fields and compared species richness, total and relative densities, and diversity index of weeds between the two planting patterns. Twelve and 14 species of weeds were found in the film-mulched and conventional rice fields, respectively. Of them, Portulaca oleracea, Monochoria, vaginalis, Eulaliopsis binata and Marsilea quadrifolia, which occurred in conventional rice field, did not grow in the film-mulched rice field. Total weed density was suppressed in the film-mulched field compared to conventional rice field. Digitaria sanguinalis, Juncellus serotinus, Oxalis corniculata and Cyperus difformis were the dominant weed species and their relative densities were 18.01-30.46%, 17.22-23.97%, 11.91-45.59% and 10.29-49.26%, respectively. O. corniculata and C. difformis were found in both field types, but their densities were significantly lower in the film-mulched field than in the conventional rice field. D. sanguinalis and J. serotinus were dominant species found exclusively in the film-mulched rice field. In contrast with conventional rice fields, Pielou index was higher in the film-mulched rice field. Shannon and Margalef indices did not differ between planting patterns. Film-mulching was available for controlling weeds in paddy field and may be useful for maintaining weed communities at low levels and thereby avoiding severe weed outbreaks.

Key words: film-mulched rice, weed density, dominant species, Shannon index, Pielou index, Margalef index

Xin Zhao, Chaowen Lin, Mingqiao Xu, Jingjing Huang, Yibing Chen, Chuanren Li, Qingnian Cai. Effect of film-mulched treatment on weed diversity in rice field[J]. Biodiv Sci, 2009, 17(2): 195-200.

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URL: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/10.3724/SP.J.1003.2009.08349

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/Y2009/V17/I2/195

Figures/Tables 4

References 22

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调查次数 Sampling times 杂草种类 Weed species	1		2		3		4
调查次数 Sampling times 杂草种类 Weed species	地膜 Film-mulched	常规Conventional	地膜 Film-mulched	常规Conventional	地膜 Film-mulched	常规Conventional	地膜 Film-mulched	常规 Conventional
马唐 Digitaria sanguinalis	30.46±2.34	-	20.52±4.30^a	2.73±1.17^b	18.01±3.58	-	9.49±3.29^a	0.05±0.03^b
千金子 Leptochloa chinensis	3.14±1.21^a	0.27±0.19^b	2.11±0.52^a	0.35±0.31^b	2.20±1.91^a	0.97±1.08^a	0.71±0.42^a	0.30±0.08^a
稗草 Echinochloa crusgalli	7.48±3.25^a	7.60±3.72^a	0.99±1.02^b	2.05±1.13^b	0.87±1.41^a	1.73±0.80^a	1.46±1.15^a	1.66±0.56^a
拟金茅 Eulaliopsis binata	-	-	-	0.41±0.38	-	0.66±0.36	4.18±1.59^a	1.03±0.26^b
水莎草 Juncellus serotinus	17.22±3.76^a	2.63±0.88^b	5.96±1.60^a	0.99±0.09^b	17.92±7.51^a	0.98±0.84^b	23.97±7.63^a	0.85±0.41^b
异型莎草 Cyperus difformis	27.10±6.43^b	49.26±9.88^a	17.26±5.35^b	10.29±5.79^b	18.01±5.93^a	21.13±4.43^a	16.07±4.34^a	3.60±0.60^b
猪殃殃 Galium aparine	0.34±0.33^b	2.22±0.75^a	3.31±2.51^b	16.23±3.57^a	9.07±3.01^b	18.01±2.80^a	20.27±3.69^a	2.10±1.01^b
陌上菜 Lindernia procumbens	-	8.12±4.02	0.11±0.27	-	2.43±2.08^a	0.86±0.69^a	1.39±0.78^b	21.07±6.01^a
节节菜 Rotala indica	8.43±1.84^a	1.51±0.64^b	1.08±0.62^b	2.32±1.09^a	4.50±1.22^b	19.40±2.79^a	3.41±1.04^a	2.21±0.58^b
丁香蓼 Ludwigia prostrata	4.25±1.43^b	16.10±3.55^a	7.09±3.24^a	9.05±1.61^a	5.37±2.47^a	7.31±1.67^a	6.34±1.00^a	5.01±1.67^a
酢浆草 Oxalis corniculata	-	12.07±0.42	40.07±6.57^a	45.59±6.42^a	21.36±2.75^a	20.14±4.06	11.91±2.51^a	1.53±0.67^b
马齿苋 Portulaca oleracea	-	-	-	6.28±1.90	-	5.74±1.80	0.20±0.49^b	7.88±1.64^a
鸭舌草 Monochoria vaginalis	-	-	-	4.01±208	-	2.62±1.06	-	0.67±0.27
四叶萍 Marsilea quadrifolia	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	51.12±7.91

调查次数 Sampling times 杂草种类 Weed species	1		2		3		4
调查次数 Sampling times 杂草种类 Weed species	地膜 Film-mulched	常规Conventional	地膜 Film-mulched	常规Conventional	地膜 Film-mulched	常规Conventional	地膜 Film-mulched	常规 Conventional
马唐 Digitaria sanguinalis	30.46±2.34	-	20.52±4.30^a	2.73±1.17^b	18.01±3.58	-	9.49±3.29^a	0.05±0.03^b
千金子 Leptochloa chinensis	3.14±1.21^a	0.27±0.19^b	2.11±0.52^a	0.35±0.31^b	2.20±1.91^a	0.97±1.08^a	0.71±0.42^a	0.30±0.08^a
稗草 Echinochloa crusgalli	7.48±3.25^a	7.60±3.72^a	0.99±1.02^b	2.05±1.13^b	0.87±1.41^a	1.73±0.80^a	1.46±1.15^a	1.66±0.56^a
拟金茅 Eulaliopsis binata	-	-	-	0.41±0.38	-	0.66±0.36	4.18±1.59^a	1.03±0.26^b
水莎草 Juncellus serotinus	17.22±3.76^a	2.63±0.88^b	5.96±1.60^a	0.99±0.09^b	17.92±7.51^a	0.98±0.84^b	23.97±7.63^a	0.85±0.41^b
异型莎草 Cyperus difformis	27.10±6.43^b	49.26±9.88^a	17.26±5.35^b	10.29±5.79^b	18.01±5.93^a	21.13±4.43^a	16.07±4.34^a	3.60±0.60^b
猪殃殃 Galium aparine	0.34±0.33^b	2.22±0.75^a	3.31±2.51^b	16.23±3.57^a	9.07±3.01^b	18.01±2.80^a	20.27±3.69^a	2.10±1.01^b
陌上菜 Lindernia procumbens	-	8.12±4.02	0.11±0.27	-	2.43±2.08^a	0.86±0.69^a	1.39±0.78^b	21.07±6.01^a
节节菜 Rotala indica	8.43±1.84^a	1.51±0.64^b	1.08±0.62^b	2.32±1.09^a	4.50±1.22^b	19.40±2.79^a	3.41±1.04^a	2.21±0.58^b
丁香蓼 Ludwigia prostrata	4.25±1.43^b	16.10±3.55^a	7.09±3.24^a	9.05±1.61^a	5.37±2.47^a	7.31±1.67^a	6.34±1.00^a	5.01±1.67^a
酢浆草 Oxalis corniculata	-	12.07±0.42	40.07±6.57^a	45.59±6.42^a	21.36±2.75^a	20.14±4.06	11.91±2.51^a	1.53±0.67^b
马齿苋 Portulaca oleracea	-	-	-	6.28±1.90	-	5.74±1.80	0.20±0.49^b	7.88±1.64^a
鸭舌草 Monochoria vaginalis	-	-	-	4.01±208	-	2.62±1.06	-	0.67±0.27
四叶萍 Marsilea quadrifolia	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	51.12±7.91

调查次数 Sampling times	Shannon-Wiener 指数 Shannon-Wiener index (H)		Pielou均匀度指数 Pielou evenness index (E)		Margalef丰富度指数 Margalef richness index (M)
调查次数 Sampling times	地膜 Film-mulched	常规Conventional	地膜 Film-mulched	常规 Conventional	地膜 Film-mulched	常规 Conventional
1	2.30 ± 1.17 ^a	1.95 ± 0.41 ^a	0.87 ± 0.01 ^a	0.65 ± 0.11 ^b	1.17 ± 0.20 ^a	1.15 ± 0.19 ^a
2	2.27 ± 0.17 ^a	2.45 ± 0.45 ^a	0.78 ± 0.03 ^a	0.72 ± 0.02 ^b	1.32 ± 0.16 ^b	1.54 ± 0.19 ^a
3	2.71 ± 0.15 ^a	2.79 ± 0.08 ^a	0.86 ± 0.03 ^a	0.79 ± 0.02 ^b	1.68 ± 0.21 ^a	1.71 ± 0.10 ^a
4	2.74 ± 0.23 ^a	2.23 ± 0.18 ^b	0.82 ± 0.07 ^a	0.58 ± 0.05 ^b	1.85 ± 0.12 ^a	1.81 ± 0.17 ^a

调查次数 Sampling times	Shannon-Wiener 指数 Shannon-Wiener index (H)		Pielou均匀度指数 Pielou evenness index (E)		Margalef丰富度指数 Margalef richness index (M)
调查次数 Sampling times	地膜 Film-mulched	常规Conventional	地膜 Film-mulched	常规 Conventional	地膜 Film-mulched	常规 Conventional
1	2.30 ± 1.17 ^a	1.95 ± 0.41 ^a	0.87 ± 0.01 ^a	0.65 ± 0.11 ^b	1.17 ± 0.20 ^a	1.15 ± 0.19 ^a
2	2.27 ± 0.17 ^a	2.45 ± 0.45 ^a	0.78 ± 0.03 ^a	0.72 ± 0.02 ^b	1.32 ± 0.16 ^b	1.54 ± 0.19 ^a
3	2.71 ± 0.15 ^a	2.79 ± 0.08 ^a	0.86 ± 0.03 ^a	0.79 ± 0.02 ^b	1.68 ± 0.21 ^a	1.71 ± 0.10 ^a
4	2.74 ± 0.23 ^a	2.23 ± 0.18 ^b	0.82 ± 0.07 ^a	0.58 ± 0.05 ^b	1.85 ± 0.12 ^a	1.81 ± 0.17 ^a