Biodiv Sci ›› 2014, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (3): 302-310. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2014.13141
Special Issue: 海洋生物多样性
• Marine Biodiversity Special Feature • Previous Articles Next Articles
Received:
2013-06-24
Accepted:
2013-12-09
Online:
2014-05-20
Published:
2014-06-04
Contact:
Zhang Jinghuai
Jinghuai Zhang. The variation of biodiversity of macrobenthic fauna with salinity and water depth near the Pearl Estuary of the northern South China Sea[J]. Biodiv Sci, 2014, 22(3): 302-310.
断面 Transect | 站位 Station | 沉积类型 Sediment | 水深 Water depth | 春季 Spring | 夏季 Summer | 秋季 Autumn | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
BWS | H' | J' | BWS | H' | J' | BWS | H' | J' | ||||||
T1 | T1-01 | 细沙或泥 Silver sand or mud | 15.5 | 34.0 | 3.44 | 0.72 | 31.5 | 2.00 | 1.00 | 31.4 | 4.14 | 0.93 | ||
T1-02 | 泥沙 Mud sand | 48.1 | 34.3 | 3.41 | 0.90 | 34.3 | 4.22 | 0.82 | 33.1 | 3.48 | 0.87 | |||
T1-03 | 泥沙 Mud sand | 97.5 | 34.4 | 3.92 | 0.94 | 34.5 | 2.81 | 0.70 | 34.2 | 2.32 | 1.00 | |||
T1-04 | 泥沙 Mud sand | 259 | 34.5 | 1.58 | 1.00 | 34.5 | 1.37 | 0.86 | 34.5 | NC | NC | |||
T1-05 | 沙 Sand | 314 | 34.5 | 1.79 | 0.90 | 34.5 | 2.99 | 0.94 | 34.5 | 0.00 | 1.00 | |||
T2 | T2-01 | 泥沙 Mud sand | 8.5 | 13.7 | 1.91 | 0.95 | 0.8 | 2.15 | 0.83 | 15.0 | 1.45 | 0.72 | ||
T2-02 | 泥沙 Mud sand | 10.7 | 10.5 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.6 | 0.00 | 1.00 | 15.6 | 0.00 | 1.00 | |||
T2-03 | 泥沙 Mud sand | 7.7 | 18.0 | 2.13 | 0.92 | 6.0 | 2.25 | 0.97 | 17.0 | 2.11 | 0.75 | |||
T2-04 | 泥沙 Mud sand | 9.8 | 32.2 | 3.75 | 0.68 | 18.0 | 1.50 | 0.95 | 21.6 | 1.36 | 0.68 | |||
T2-05 | 泥 Mud | 9.0 | 32.5 | 4.04 | 0.81 | 19.8 | 2.05 | 0.79 | 26.5 | 2.59 | 1.00 | |||
T2-06 | 泥 Mud | 6.0 | 31.9 | 0.20 | 0.06 | 9.8 | 2.92 | 0.92 | 27.9 | 3.39 | 0.98 | |||
T2-07 | 泥 Mud | 7.9 | 31.1 | 2.71 | 0.78 | 28.1 | 2.93 | 0.93 | 29.1 | 3.07 | 0.89 | |||
T2-08 | 泥沙 Mud sand | 16.8 | 33.4 | 4.65 | 0.88 | 30.3 | 4.24 | 0.93 | 32.8 | 4.00 | 0.85 | |||
T2-09 | 泥 Mud | 31.0 | 34.4 | 4.14 | 0.92 | 34.3 | 3.67 | 0.92 | 32.9 | 3.12 | 0.90 | |||
T2-10 | 泥沙 Mud sand | 41.6 | 34.4 | 4.61 | 0.93 | 34.31 | 4.02 | 0.96 | 33.6 | 3.68 | 0.97 | |||
T2-11 | 泥沙 Mud sand | 54.0 | 34.4 | 3.72 | 0.95 | 34.4 | 4.31 | 0.98 | 34.0 | 3.80 | 0.89 | |||
T2-12 | 泥沙 Mud sand | 70.8 | 34.4 | 3.17 | 1.00 | 34.4 | 4.08 | 0.87 | 34.1 | 4.28 | 0.98 | |||
T2-13 | 泥沙 Mud sand | 92.4 | 34.4 | 3.48 | 0.94 | 34.4 | 3.67 | 0.94 | 34.2 | 2.95 | 0.98 | |||
T2-14 | 泥沙 Mud sand | 131 | 34.6 | 2.86 | 0.90 | 34.5 | 2.52 | 0.98 | 34.3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||
T2-15 | 泥沙 Mud sand | 486 | 34.4 | 3.52 | 0.93 | 34.5 | 2.41 | 0.93 | 34.4 | 2.65 | 0.94 | |||
T3 | T3-01 | 泥沙 Mud sand | 36 | 34.5 | 4.91 | 0.89 | 34.3 | 2.25 | 0.52 | 33.6 | 3.93 | 0.86 | ||
T3-02 | 泥沙 Mud sand | 43.6 | 34.5 | 4.72 | 0.88 | 34.3 | 4.54 | 0.96 | 33.8 | 2.71 | 0.90 | |||
T3-03 | 泥沙 Mud sand | 72.0 | 34.5 | 3.99 | 0.91 | 34.4 | 3.56 | 0.91 | 34.1 | 3.68 | 0.97 | |||
T3-04 | 泥沙 Mud sand | 127 | 34.6 | 3.73 | 0.98 | 34.5 | 3.73 | 0.98 | 34.1 | 2.50 | 0.97 | |||
T3-05 | 泥沙 Mud sand | 814 | 34.5 | 1.24 | 0.62 | 34.5 | 1.58 | 1.00 | 34.4 | NC | NC | |||
T4 | T4-01 | 泥 Mud | 13.5 | 31.5 | 3.18 | 0.71 | 34.3 | 3.36 | 0.81 | 31.9 | 2.41 | 0.58 | ||
T4-02 | 泥沙 Mud sand | 42.0 | 34.3 | 4.93 | 0.91 | 34.4 | 4.98 | 0.94 | 33.7 | 4.56 | 0.91 | |||
T4-03 | 泥沙 Mud sand | 65.5 | 34.4 | 3.00 | 1.00 | 34.4 | 4.66 | 0.98 | 34.1 | 2.95 | 0.98 | |||
T4-04 | 泥沙 Mud sand | 90.0 | 34.5 | 3.50 | 0.95 | 34.5 | 3.58 | 0.97 | 34.1 | 1.59 | 1.00 | |||
T4-05 | 泥沙 Mud sand | 157 | 34.6 | NC | NC | 34.6 | 1.79 | 0.90 | 34.5 | 1.50 | 0.95 | |||
T4-06 | 泥沙 Mud sand | 455 | 34.4 | NC | NC | 34.4 | 2.42 | 0.94 | 34.4 | NC | NC |
Table 1 Shannon-Wiener index (H'), Pielou’s evenness (J') of macrobenthic fauna and environmental factors near the Pearl Estuary of the northern South China Sea
断面 Transect | 站位 Station | 沉积类型 Sediment | 水深 Water depth | 春季 Spring | 夏季 Summer | 秋季 Autumn | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
BWS | H' | J' | BWS | H' | J' | BWS | H' | J' | ||||||
T1 | T1-01 | 细沙或泥 Silver sand or mud | 15.5 | 34.0 | 3.44 | 0.72 | 31.5 | 2.00 | 1.00 | 31.4 | 4.14 | 0.93 | ||
T1-02 | 泥沙 Mud sand | 48.1 | 34.3 | 3.41 | 0.90 | 34.3 | 4.22 | 0.82 | 33.1 | 3.48 | 0.87 | |||
T1-03 | 泥沙 Mud sand | 97.5 | 34.4 | 3.92 | 0.94 | 34.5 | 2.81 | 0.70 | 34.2 | 2.32 | 1.00 | |||
T1-04 | 泥沙 Mud sand | 259 | 34.5 | 1.58 | 1.00 | 34.5 | 1.37 | 0.86 | 34.5 | NC | NC | |||
T1-05 | 沙 Sand | 314 | 34.5 | 1.79 | 0.90 | 34.5 | 2.99 | 0.94 | 34.5 | 0.00 | 1.00 | |||
T2 | T2-01 | 泥沙 Mud sand | 8.5 | 13.7 | 1.91 | 0.95 | 0.8 | 2.15 | 0.83 | 15.0 | 1.45 | 0.72 | ||
T2-02 | 泥沙 Mud sand | 10.7 | 10.5 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.6 | 0.00 | 1.00 | 15.6 | 0.00 | 1.00 | |||
T2-03 | 泥沙 Mud sand | 7.7 | 18.0 | 2.13 | 0.92 | 6.0 | 2.25 | 0.97 | 17.0 | 2.11 | 0.75 | |||
T2-04 | 泥沙 Mud sand | 9.8 | 32.2 | 3.75 | 0.68 | 18.0 | 1.50 | 0.95 | 21.6 | 1.36 | 0.68 | |||
T2-05 | 泥 Mud | 9.0 | 32.5 | 4.04 | 0.81 | 19.8 | 2.05 | 0.79 | 26.5 | 2.59 | 1.00 | |||
T2-06 | 泥 Mud | 6.0 | 31.9 | 0.20 | 0.06 | 9.8 | 2.92 | 0.92 | 27.9 | 3.39 | 0.98 | |||
T2-07 | 泥 Mud | 7.9 | 31.1 | 2.71 | 0.78 | 28.1 | 2.93 | 0.93 | 29.1 | 3.07 | 0.89 | |||
T2-08 | 泥沙 Mud sand | 16.8 | 33.4 | 4.65 | 0.88 | 30.3 | 4.24 | 0.93 | 32.8 | 4.00 | 0.85 | |||
T2-09 | 泥 Mud | 31.0 | 34.4 | 4.14 | 0.92 | 34.3 | 3.67 | 0.92 | 32.9 | 3.12 | 0.90 | |||
T2-10 | 泥沙 Mud sand | 41.6 | 34.4 | 4.61 | 0.93 | 34.31 | 4.02 | 0.96 | 33.6 | 3.68 | 0.97 | |||
T2-11 | 泥沙 Mud sand | 54.0 | 34.4 | 3.72 | 0.95 | 34.4 | 4.31 | 0.98 | 34.0 | 3.80 | 0.89 | |||
T2-12 | 泥沙 Mud sand | 70.8 | 34.4 | 3.17 | 1.00 | 34.4 | 4.08 | 0.87 | 34.1 | 4.28 | 0.98 | |||
T2-13 | 泥沙 Mud sand | 92.4 | 34.4 | 3.48 | 0.94 | 34.4 | 3.67 | 0.94 | 34.2 | 2.95 | 0.98 | |||
T2-14 | 泥沙 Mud sand | 131 | 34.6 | 2.86 | 0.90 | 34.5 | 2.52 | 0.98 | 34.3 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||
T2-15 | 泥沙 Mud sand | 486 | 34.4 | 3.52 | 0.93 | 34.5 | 2.41 | 0.93 | 34.4 | 2.65 | 0.94 | |||
T3 | T3-01 | 泥沙 Mud sand | 36 | 34.5 | 4.91 | 0.89 | 34.3 | 2.25 | 0.52 | 33.6 | 3.93 | 0.86 | ||
T3-02 | 泥沙 Mud sand | 43.6 | 34.5 | 4.72 | 0.88 | 34.3 | 4.54 | 0.96 | 33.8 | 2.71 | 0.90 | |||
T3-03 | 泥沙 Mud sand | 72.0 | 34.5 | 3.99 | 0.91 | 34.4 | 3.56 | 0.91 | 34.1 | 3.68 | 0.97 | |||
T3-04 | 泥沙 Mud sand | 127 | 34.6 | 3.73 | 0.98 | 34.5 | 3.73 | 0.98 | 34.1 | 2.50 | 0.97 | |||
T3-05 | 泥沙 Mud sand | 814 | 34.5 | 1.24 | 0.62 | 34.5 | 1.58 | 1.00 | 34.4 | NC | NC | |||
T4 | T4-01 | 泥 Mud | 13.5 | 31.5 | 3.18 | 0.71 | 34.3 | 3.36 | 0.81 | 31.9 | 2.41 | 0.58 | ||
T4-02 | 泥沙 Mud sand | 42.0 | 34.3 | 4.93 | 0.91 | 34.4 | 4.98 | 0.94 | 33.7 | 4.56 | 0.91 | |||
T4-03 | 泥沙 Mud sand | 65.5 | 34.4 | 3.00 | 1.00 | 34.4 | 4.66 | 0.98 | 34.1 | 2.95 | 0.98 | |||
T4-04 | 泥沙 Mud sand | 90.0 | 34.5 | 3.50 | 0.95 | 34.5 | 3.58 | 0.97 | 34.1 | 1.59 | 1.00 | |||
T4-05 | 泥沙 Mud sand | 157 | 34.6 | NC | NC | 34.6 | 1.79 | 0.90 | 34.5 | 1.50 | 0.95 | |||
T4-06 | 泥沙 Mud sand | 455 | 34.4 | NC | NC | 34.4 | 2.42 | 0.94 | 34.4 | NC | NC |
Fig. 2 Species component of macrobenthic fauna near the Pearl Estuary of the northern South China Sea. ANN, Annelida; ART, Arthropoda; MOL, Mollusca; ECH, Echinodermata; OSP, Other species
Fig. 4 k-dominance curve of macrobenthic fauna on the T2 transect near the Pearl Estuary of the northern South China Sea. A, areas A (water depth ≤ 100 m); B, areas B (water depth> 100 m); E, estuary (T2-01 to T2-07).
季节 Seasons | 项目 Items | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
S | ABU | BIO | H' | J' | |
春季 Spring (n=29) | |||||
水深 Water depth (m) | -0.443* | -0.524** | -0.428* | -0.306 | -0.248 |
底层海水水温 Water temperature in the bottom of water column (°C) | 0.528** | 0.413* | 0.421* | 0.447* | 0.319 |
底层海水盐度 Salinity in the bottom of water column | 0.228 | 0.184 | 0.195 | 0.099 | -0.121 |
底层海水溶解氧 Dissolved oxygen in the bottom of water column (mg/L) | 0.643** | 0.672** | 0.481** | 0.494** | 0.371* |
底层海水pH pH in the bottom of the water column | 0.470** | 0.351 | 0.324 | 0.324 | 0.074 |
底层海水碱度 Alkalinity in the bottom of water column (mmol/L) | 0.096 | -0.013 | 0.003 | 0.023 | -0.160 |
底层海水悬浮物 Suspended substance in the bottom of water column (mg/L) | -0.076 | 0.230 | 0.226 | -0.141 | -0.013 |
底层海水叶绿素a Chlorophyll a concentration in the bottom of water column (mg/m3) | 0.556** | 0.642** | 0.506** | 0.352 | 0.220 |
夏季 Summer (n=31) | |||||
水深 Water depth (m) | -0.136 | -0.17 | -0.520** | 0.082 | 0.212 |
底层海水水温 Water temperature in the bottom of water column (°C) | 0.152 | 0.146 | 0.379* | -0.094 | -0.246 |
底层海水盐度 Salinity in the bottom of water column | 0.469** | 0.372* | -0.038 | 0.603** | 0.547** |
底层海水溶解氧 Dissolved oxygen in the bottom of water column (mg/L) | 0.373* | 0.27 | 0.362* | 0.342 | 0.208 |
底层海水pH pH in the bottom of the water column | 0.677** | 0.532** | 0.146 | 0.836** | 0.723** |
底层海水碱度 Alkalinity in the bottom of water column (mmol/L) | 0.487** | 0.386* | 0.001 | 0.659** | 0.614** |
底层海水悬浮物 Suspended substance in the bottom of water column (mg/L) | -0.348 | -0.241 | 0.230 | -0.588** | -0.588** |
底层海水叶绿素a Chlorophyll a concentration in the bottom of water column (mg/m3) | 0.031 | 0.16 | 0.481** | -0.199 | -0.295 |
秋季 Autumn (n=27) | |||||
水深 Water depth (m) | -0.618** | -0.651** | -0.633** | -0.524** | -0.490** |
底层海水水温 Water temperature in the bottom of water column (°C) | 0.670** | 0.661** | 0.607** | 0.633** | 0.626** |
底层海水盐度 Salinity in the bottom of water column | 0.048 | -0.016 | -0.119 | 0.126 | 0.089 |
底层海水溶解氧 Dissolved oxygen in the bottom of water column (mg/L) | 0.710** | 0.658** | 0.570** | 0.717** | 0.699** |
底层海水pH pH in the bottom of the water column | 0.415* | 0.311 | 0.144 | 0.484** | 0.453* |
底层海水碱度 Alkalinity in the bottom of water column (mmol/L) | -0.043 | -0.099 | -0.225 | 0.030 | 0.001 |
底层海水悬浮物 Suspended substance in the bottom of water column (mg/L) | 0.261 | 0.348 | 0.306 | 0.099 | 0.039 |
底层海水叶绿素a Chlorophyll a concentration in the bottom of water column (mg/m3) | 0.655** | 0.714** | 0.647** | 0.532** | 0.456** |
Table 2 Pearson correlation between species richness (S), abundance (ABU), biomass (BIO), Shannon-Wiener index (H'), Pielou’s evenness (J') of macrobenthic fauna and environmental factors near the Pearl Estuary of the northern South China Sea
季节 Seasons | 项目 Items | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
S | ABU | BIO | H' | J' | |
春季 Spring (n=29) | |||||
水深 Water depth (m) | -0.443* | -0.524** | -0.428* | -0.306 | -0.248 |
底层海水水温 Water temperature in the bottom of water column (°C) | 0.528** | 0.413* | 0.421* | 0.447* | 0.319 |
底层海水盐度 Salinity in the bottom of water column | 0.228 | 0.184 | 0.195 | 0.099 | -0.121 |
底层海水溶解氧 Dissolved oxygen in the bottom of water column (mg/L) | 0.643** | 0.672** | 0.481** | 0.494** | 0.371* |
底层海水pH pH in the bottom of the water column | 0.470** | 0.351 | 0.324 | 0.324 | 0.074 |
底层海水碱度 Alkalinity in the bottom of water column (mmol/L) | 0.096 | -0.013 | 0.003 | 0.023 | -0.160 |
底层海水悬浮物 Suspended substance in the bottom of water column (mg/L) | -0.076 | 0.230 | 0.226 | -0.141 | -0.013 |
底层海水叶绿素a Chlorophyll a concentration in the bottom of water column (mg/m3) | 0.556** | 0.642** | 0.506** | 0.352 | 0.220 |
夏季 Summer (n=31) | |||||
水深 Water depth (m) | -0.136 | -0.17 | -0.520** | 0.082 | 0.212 |
底层海水水温 Water temperature in the bottom of water column (°C) | 0.152 | 0.146 | 0.379* | -0.094 | -0.246 |
底层海水盐度 Salinity in the bottom of water column | 0.469** | 0.372* | -0.038 | 0.603** | 0.547** |
底层海水溶解氧 Dissolved oxygen in the bottom of water column (mg/L) | 0.373* | 0.27 | 0.362* | 0.342 | 0.208 |
底层海水pH pH in the bottom of the water column | 0.677** | 0.532** | 0.146 | 0.836** | 0.723** |
底层海水碱度 Alkalinity in the bottom of water column (mmol/L) | 0.487** | 0.386* | 0.001 | 0.659** | 0.614** |
底层海水悬浮物 Suspended substance in the bottom of water column (mg/L) | -0.348 | -0.241 | 0.230 | -0.588** | -0.588** |
底层海水叶绿素a Chlorophyll a concentration in the bottom of water column (mg/m3) | 0.031 | 0.16 | 0.481** | -0.199 | -0.295 |
秋季 Autumn (n=27) | |||||
水深 Water depth (m) | -0.618** | -0.651** | -0.633** | -0.524** | -0.490** |
底层海水水温 Water temperature in the bottom of water column (°C) | 0.670** | 0.661** | 0.607** | 0.633** | 0.626** |
底层海水盐度 Salinity in the bottom of water column | 0.048 | -0.016 | -0.119 | 0.126 | 0.089 |
底层海水溶解氧 Dissolved oxygen in the bottom of water column (mg/L) | 0.710** | 0.658** | 0.570** | 0.717** | 0.699** |
底层海水pH pH in the bottom of the water column | 0.415* | 0.311 | 0.144 | 0.484** | 0.453* |
底层海水碱度 Alkalinity in the bottom of water column (mmol/L) | -0.043 | -0.099 | -0.225 | 0.030 | 0.001 |
底层海水悬浮物 Suspended substance in the bottom of water column (mg/L) | 0.261 | 0.348 | 0.306 | 0.099 | 0.039 |
底层海水叶绿素a Chlorophyll a concentration in the bottom of water column (mg/m3) | 0.655** | 0.714** | 0.647** | 0.532** | 0.456** |
Fig. 5 The Similarity-cluster analysis on macrobenthic fauna near the Pearl Estuary of the northern South China Sea. A, areas A (water depth≤100 m); B, areas B (water depth>100 m); E, estuary (T2-01 to T2-07).
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