Abstract: Shannon-Wiener’s diversity index ( H′) , Pielou’s evenness( E) and dominance( C) were calculated for the grasshopper communities in the Qinling-Bashan Mountainous Region. The results show that the number of species ,values of diversities , evenness and dominance are distinctly different among different regions ,habits ,the altitudes and the months. These phenomena are mainly related to the characteristics of the grasshoppers and the environments variation.