生物多样性 ›› 2016, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (7): 855-860.  DOI: 10.17520/biods.2015275

所属专题: 全球气候变化下的海洋生物多样性专辑

• 保护论坛 • 上一篇    

《生物多样性公约》海洋生物多样性议题的 谈判焦点、影响及我国对策

银森录1, 郑苗壮2, 徐靖1,,A;*(), 刘岩2, 刘文静1   

  1. 1 .中国环境科学研究院生物多样性研究中心, 北京 100012
    2 .国家海洋局海洋发展战略研究所, 北京 100860
  • 收稿日期:2016-05-30 接受日期:2016-06-01 出版日期:2016-07-20 发布日期:2016-08-04
  • 通讯作者: 徐靖
  • 基金资助:
    环境保护部自然生态保护司生物多样性国际合作及履约项目“《生物多样性公约》前沿性议题探索及谈判对策研究”(2024004045);国家海洋局海洋发展战略研究所委托课题“国家管辖范围以外区域海洋遗传资源问题研究” (5215002008)

Negotiation focus, impacts, and China’s implementation strategies of Marine and Coastal Biodiversity in the Convention on Biological Diversity

Senlu Yin1, Miaozhuang Zheng2, Jing Xu1,*(), Yan Liu2, Wenjing Liu1   

  1. 1 Biodiversity Research Center, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012
    2 Chinese Institute for Marine Affairs, State Oceanic Administration, Beijing 100860
  • Received:2016-05-30 Accepted:2016-06-01 Online:2016-07-20 Published:2016-08-04
  • Contact: Xu Jing

摘要:

海洋和沿海生物多样性保护和可持续利用等问题是《生物多样性公约》谈判的重要领域。本文梳理了历次缔约方大会的谈判进程, 认为主要焦点议题包括: (1)应对人类活动和全球气候变化对海洋和沿海生物多样性的影响; (2)海洋和沿海生物多样性保护和可持续利用的工具; (3)海洋保护区及具有重要生态或生物学意义的海域。这些议题的讨论将影响包括全球海洋保护区建设在内的海洋生物多样性保护进程, 也将影响全球海洋生物多样性保护国际制度的建设, 以及沿海国家的社会经济。我国应加强履约谈判的技术支持, 加快涉海相关问题研究, 积极参与相关国际谈判, 并大力宣传我国经验。

关键词: 海洋生物多样性, 海洋保护区, 具有重要生态或生物学意义的海域, 海洋环境影响评价, 国家管辖范围以外海域海洋生物多样性

Abstract

Conservation and sustainable use of marine and coastal biodiversity is an important part in the Conservation on Biological Diversity (CBD). By reviewing the course of negotiation, this paper finds that focal issues include: (1) Actions to address the impacts caused by human activities and global change on marine and costal biodiversity; (2) Tools for the conservation and sustainable use of marine and coastal biodiversity resources; and (3) Marine protected areas and Ecologically or Biologically Significant Marine Areas (EBSAs). These negotiations may have impacts on marine biodiversity conservation, and the process of establishing a network of global marine protected areas and international marine biodiversity conservation, as well as socioeconomic development in maritime countries. In the future, China should accelerate research on marine related science and technology, become actively involved in the course of negotiations, and publicize achievements in the implementation of the Convention.

Key words: marine biodiversity, marine protected area (MPA), Marine Protected Areas and Ecologically or Biologically Significant Marine Areas (EBSAs), marine environmental impact assessment