垂直空间层次蚂蚁采样方法概述

doi:10.17520/biods.2025078

生物多样性

垂直空间层次蚂蚁采样方法概述

陈德付^1#, 梁铭荣^2#, 许益镌^1*

1华南农业大学植物保护学院，广州，510642 2香港大学生命科学学院，香港特别行政区

收稿日期:2025-03-07 修回日期:2025-04-18 接受日期:2025-06-30
通讯作者: 许益镌

Overview of ant sampling methods in vertical spatial stratification

Defu Chen^1#, Mingrong Liang^2#, Yijuan Xu^1*

1. College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 51064

2. China 2School of Life Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China

Received:2025-03-07 Revised:2025-04-18 Accepted:2025-06-30
Contact: Yijuan Xu

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采样工作是开展生物多样性调查的基础，近数十年来，针对蚂蚁及其群落的研究需求呈指数级增长。尽管针对特定生境的采样方法比较已经较为丰富，但垂直空间层次下蚂蚁采样方法的系统性研究仍然有限。本研究通过整理国内外公开发表的用于蚂蚁群落调查的文献，总结和评述了冠层、落叶地表层以及地下土壤层常用蚂蚁采样方法的适用性、局限性及其互补关系，并提出针对特定的生境类型、研究目的和蚂蚁种类将多种采样方法组合使用，并建议尽可能进行标准化的采样。主要建议包括：（1）针对冠层蚂蚁，建议优先使用诱饵陷阱法，但如果研究目的为全面且详尽地调查冠层蚂蚁种类，可将诱饵陷阱法、钱袋式陷阱法和雾化法三者组合使用；（2）对于地表蚂蚁，可遵循ALL（Ants of the Leaf Litter Protocol）草案进行全面采样，但可根据研究目的进行适度调整；（3）对于地下蚂蚁，尽管目前仍未有各采样方法的效率比较，但可使用地下诱饵陷阱法以及直接采样法等多种采样方法组合开展重复采样。本文为生态学相关科研工作者未来进行更深入的蚂蚁多样性调查提供了方法层次的参考，还为多层次生态系统研究提供了系统性的采样框架，促进了不同研究间数据的兼容性和可比性。同时，也为蚂蚁群落的保护和管理策略提供了科学依据，有助于更全面地理解蚂蚁在不同垂直空间层次中的生态角色及其多样性格局。

关键词: 蚂蚁, 采样方法, 空间层次, 垂直空间

Abstract

Background & Aim: Sampling is fundamental to biodiversity surveys, and in recent decades, the demand for research on ants and their communities has increased exponentially. Although there is a rich body of literature comparing sampling methods for specific habitats, systematic studies on ant sampling methods within vertical stratification remain limited. This study collates and reviews the published literature on sampling methods used for ant community surveys both domestically and internationally, summarizing the applicability, limitations, and complementary relationships of commonly used ant sampling methods in the canopy, leaf litter layer, and underground soil layer. It proposes that for specific habitat types, research objectives, and ant species, a combination of multiple sampling methods should be employed, with a recommendation for standardized sampling wherever possible.

Review Results: The main recommendations include: (1) For canopy ants, it is recommended to prioritize the use of bait traps. If the research objective is to comprehensively and thoroughly investigate the species of canopy ants, a combination of bait traps, pocket traps, and fogging methods can be used. (2) For ground ants, follow the ALL (Ants of the Leaf Litter Protocol) draft for comprehensive sampling, but adjustments can be made according to the research objectives. (3) For subterranean ants, although there is currently no comparison of the efficiency of various sampling methods, a combination of subterranean bait traps and direct sampling methods can be used to conduct repeated sampling.

Summary & Perspectives: This paper provides a methodological reference for future in-depth surveys of ant diversity for ecological researchers, and offers a systematic sampling framework for multi-level ecosystem studies, enhancing the compatibility and comparability of data between different research efforts. Additionally, it supplies a scientific basis for the conservation and management strategies of ant communities, aiding in a more comprehensive understanding of the ecological roles and diversity patterns of ants across different vertical spatial levels.

Key words: ants, sampling methods, spatial stratification, vertical space

陈德付, 梁铭荣, 许益镌. 垂直空间层次蚂蚁采样方法概述. 生物多样性, DOI: 10.17520/biods.2025078.

Defu Chen, Mingrong Liang, Yijuan Xu. Overview of ant sampling methods in vertical spatial stratification. Biodiversity Science, DOI: 10.17520/biods.2025078.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2025078

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