昆虫病原真菌感染昆虫宿主的机制和宿主昆虫的防御策略研究进展

doi:10.17520/biods.2023273

生物多样性 ›› 2023, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (11): 23273. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2023273

昆虫病原真菌感染昆虫宿主的机制和宿主昆虫的防御策略研究进展

戚海迪¹, 张定海¹^,^*(), 单立山², 陈国鹏², 张勃³

1.甘肃农业大学理学院数量生物研究中心, 兰州 730070
2.甘肃农业大学林学院, 兰州 730070
3.甘肃农业大学草业学院, 兰州 730070

收稿日期:2023-07-31 接受日期:2023-10-18 出版日期:2023-11-20 发布日期:2023-11-09
通讯作者: * E-mail: zhangdh@gsau.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(42361016);甘肃省科技创新计划——“西部之光”人才计划项目(22JR9KA032);甘肃省科技计划项目(21JR7RA831);重点研发计划-农业领域(23YFNA0036)

Advances in the mechanisms of entomopathogenic fungi infecting insect hosts and the defense strategies of insects

Haidi Qi¹, Dinghai Zhang¹^,^*(), Lishan Shan², Guopeng Chen², Bo Zhang³

1 Center for Quantitative Biology, College of Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070
2 College of Forestry, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070
3 Pratacultural College, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070

Received:2023-07-31 Accepted:2023-10-18 Online:2023-11-20 Published:2023-11-09
Contact: * E-mail: zhangdh@gsau.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

昆虫病原真菌是寄生于昆虫而引起昆虫死亡的一类真菌, 具有高杀虫效力且对环境的影响较小, 常被用作生物杀虫剂来控制害虫, 具有重要的应用价值。本文对昆虫病原真菌的分类信息进行了归纳总结, 系统阐述了真菌侵染宿主的过程以及在感染过程中对宿主行为的改变及孢子传播的机制。随后梳理了昆虫在面对感染时采取相应抵抗感染的策略, 主要包括体壁防御和自身免疫系统的防御以及行为上避免真菌病原体。在此基础上讨论了真菌对昆虫的致病机制以及与昆虫的防御机制二者联系紧密的协同进化关系。最后我们对未来的研究方向进行了展望, 强调应该依据传染病传播动力学的基本模型探究昆虫虫口密度与环境中的孢子浓度对传染病暴发的影响, 研究真菌传播规律以指导田间应用。

关键词: 昆虫病原真菌, 感染机制, 宿主行为变化, 防御策略, 协同进化

Abstract

Background: Entomopathogenic fungi are a group of fungi that parasitize insects and cause insect death, with high insecticidal efficacy and low impact on the environment. Entomopathogenic fungi have important application and are often used as biopesticides to control pests.

ProgressThis paper provides an overview of the categorization information for insect pathogenic fungi and elaborates on the processes involved in fungal infection of the host, changes in host behavior, and the mechanism of spore transport during infection. Following that, the strategies used by insects to fight infection are sorted, focusing mostly on body wall defense, autoimmune system protection, and behavioral avoidance of fungal pathogens. On the basis of this, the coevolutionary relationship between the defense mechanisms of insects and the harmful mechanism of fungi on insects is examined.

ProspectsWe look forward to future research directions, emphasizing that the effects of insect population density and spore concentration in the environment on infectious disease outbreaks should be investigated based on basic models of infectious disease transmission dynamics, and that fungal transmission patterns should be studied to guide field applications.

Key words: entomopathogenic fungi, mechanism of infection, changes in host behavior, defensive strategy, coevolution

戚海迪, 张定海, 单立山, 陈国鹏, 张勃 (2023) 昆虫病原真菌感染昆虫宿主的机制和宿主昆虫的防御策略研究进展. 生物多样性, 31, 23273. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2023273.

Haidi Qi, Dinghai Zhang, Lishan Shan, Guopeng Chen, Bo Zhang (2023) Advances in the mechanisms of entomopathogenic fungi infecting insect hosts and the defense strategies of insects. Biodiversity Science, 31, 23273. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2023273.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2023273

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2023/V31/I11/23273

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门 Phylum	纲 Class	目 Order	科 Family	属 Genus	种 Species
子囊菌门 Ascomycota	散囊菌纲 Eurotiomycetes	爪甲团囊菌目 Onygenales	圆球囊菌科 Ascosphaeraceae	球囊菌属 Ascosphaera	蜜蜂球囊菌 A. apis
	粪壳菌纲 Sordariomycetes	肉座菌目 Hypocreales	线虫草科 Ophiocordycipitaceae	线虫草属 Ophiocordyceps	偏侧蛇虫草菌 O. unilateralis
			麦角菌科	白僵菌属 Beauveria	球孢白僵菌 B. bassiana
			Clavicipitaceae	座壳孢属 Aschersonia	粉虱座壳孢 A. aleyroids
				绿僵菌属 Metarhizium	金龟子绿僵菌 M. anisopliae
					莱氏绿僵菌 M. rileyi
虫霉门 Entomophthoromycota	虫霉纲 Entomophthoromycetes	虫霉目 Entomophthorales	虫霉科 Entomophthoraceae	虫霉属 Entomophthora	蝇虫霉 E. muscae
				团孢霉属 Massospora	蝉团孢霉 M. cicadina
				拟虫疫霉属 Eryniopsis	萤拟虫疫霉 E. lampyridarum
				噬虫霉属 Entomophaga	蝗噬虫霉 E. grylli
				虫疠霉属 Pandora	新蚜虫疠霉 P. neoaphidis

门 Phylum	纲 Class	目 Order	科 Family	属 Genus	种 Species
子囊菌门 Ascomycota	散囊菌纲 Eurotiomycetes	爪甲团囊菌目 Onygenales	圆球囊菌科 Ascosphaeraceae	球囊菌属 Ascosphaera	蜜蜂球囊菌 A. apis
	粪壳菌纲 Sordariomycetes	肉座菌目 Hypocreales	线虫草科 Ophiocordycipitaceae	线虫草属 Ophiocordyceps	偏侧蛇虫草菌 O. unilateralis
			麦角菌科	白僵菌属 Beauveria	球孢白僵菌 B. bassiana
			Clavicipitaceae	座壳孢属 Aschersonia	粉虱座壳孢 A. aleyroids
				绿僵菌属 Metarhizium	金龟子绿僵菌 M. anisopliae
					莱氏绿僵菌 M. rileyi
虫霉门 Entomophthoromycota	虫霉纲 Entomophthoromycetes	虫霉目 Entomophthorales	虫霉科 Entomophthoraceae	虫霉属 Entomophthora	蝇虫霉 E. muscae
				团孢霉属 Massospora	蝉团孢霉 M. cicadina
				拟虫疫霉属 Eryniopsis	萤拟虫疫霉 E. lampyridarum
				噬虫霉属 Entomophaga	蝗噬虫霉 E. grylli
				虫疠霉属 Pandora	新蚜虫疠霉 P. neoaphidis

昆虫病原真菌感染昆虫宿主的机制和宿主昆虫的防御策略研究进展

Advances in the mechanisms of entomopathogenic fungi infecting insect hosts and the defense strategies of insects

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