生物多样性 ›› 2003, Vol. 11 ›› Issue (6): 475-479.  DOI: 10.17520/biods.2003056

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

安徽大别山区虫生真菌区系的物种多样性研究

王四宝,黄勇平,樊美珍,李增智   

  1. 1 (安徽农业大学安徽省微生物防治重点实验室,合肥230036)
    2 (中国科学院植物生理生态研究所,上海200032)
  • 收稿日期:2003-05-20 修回日期:2003-07-21 出版日期:2003-11-20 发布日期:2003-11-20
  • 通讯作者: 李增智

Species diversity of entomogenous fungal flora of Mountains Dabie, Anhui

WANG Si-Bao,HUANG Yong-Ping, FAN Mei-Zhen,LI Zeng-Zhi   

  1. 1 Anhui Key Laboratory of Microbial Control , Anhui Agricultural University , Hefei 230036
    2 Institute of Plant Physiology & Ecology , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 200032
  • Received:2003-05-20 Revised:2003-07-21 Online:2003-11-20 Published:2003-11-20
  • Contact: LI Zeng-Zhi

摘要: 对安徽大别山区虫生真菌区系的物种多样性进行了研究。结果表明该地区虫生真菌资源十分丰富,共有虫生真菌50种,隶属于4目4科16属。科从大到小依次为麦角菌科(Clavicipitaceae)(27种,占54%)、丝孢科(Hyphomycetaceae)(15种,占30%)、虫霉科(Entomophthoraceae)(5种,占10%)、束梗孢科(Stilbellaceae)(3种,占6%)。含3个种以上的优势属依次为虫草属(Cordyceps)(26种,占52%)、拟青霉属(Paecilomyces)(6种,占12%)、白僵菌属(Beauveria)(3种,占6%),共计35种,占总种数的70%;含2个种的属为刺束梗孢属(Akanthomyces)和虫瘟霉属(Zoophthora);其余11个属皆为单种属。优势种依次为粉拟青霉(Paecilomyces farinosus)、细脚拟青霉(P. tenuipes)、下垂虫草(Cordyceps nutans)、球孢白僵菌(Beauveria bassiana)、金龟子绿僵菌小孢变种(Metarhizium anisopliae var. anisopliae)。区系地理成分划分为7大类型:世界分布种(42.11%)、欧亚大陆分布种(10.53%)、亚热带—热带分布种(5.26%)、东亚分布种(7.89%)、东亚—新几内亚分布种(5.26%)、中国—日本分布种(5.26%)和特有成分(23.68%),表现出明显的东亚区系特征,而且本区及中国特有种明显。

AbstractBased on study of species diversity, 50 species of entomogenous fungi belonging to 16 genera, 4 families and 4 orders were recorded in Dabie Mountains in western Anhui. At the family level,  Clavicipitaceae, comprising 27 species, had the highest percentage, with 54% of the total species, while the family Hyphomycetaceae, comprising 15 species, accounted for 30%.  The family Entomophthoraceae comprised 5 species (10%), and the smallest percentage was taken by the family Stilbellaceae, comprising 3 species (6%). Considering genera, the dominant genera were Cordyceps (27 species, 52% of the total), Paecilomyces (6 species, 12%), and Beauveria (3 species, 6%).  These three genera covered 35 species, accounting for 70% of the total, while they amounted to 18.75% of the total genera. Akanthomyces and Zoophthora were oligotypic genera, both with two species. The rest were monotypic genera, comprising 68.75% of the total genera and 22% of the total species. The dominant species were Paecilomyces farinosus, P. tenuipes, C. nutans, B. bassiana, and Metarhizium anisopliae var. anisopliae. Therefore, the dominant genera and species were evident in this area. By categorization of modern distribution centers in terms of the present distribution patterns of taxa, species were grouped into Cosmopolitan (42.11%), Eurasian (10.53%), Subtropical to Tropical (5.26%), East Asian (7.89%), East Asian-Papuan (5.26%), Sino-Japanese (5.26%), and Endemic (23.68%). Overall, East Asian elements were characteristic of this region and local and Chinese endemic species were evident.