五大连池火山色木槭叶功能性状特征

doi:10.17520/biods.2018300

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

植物功能性状反映了植物对生长环境的响应和适应, 是连接植物与环境的桥梁, 研究植物功能性状特征及其随坡向的变化规律, 对认识不同微地形生境下植物群落空间格局形成及适应机制具有重要意义。本文以五大连池不同历史年代的8座火山共有树种色木槭(Acer mono)为研究对象, 测定了9类叶功能性状, 研究了植物叶功能性状在火山间及火山坡向间(阴坡-阳坡)的变化规律, 以期揭示生境对火山植物主要叶功能性状的影响, 以及阴阳坡植物生存策略的变化, 初步探讨了植物对环境的适应机制。结果表明: (1)坡向的变化是造成色木槭叶功能性状差异的重要原因; (2)火山间叶功能性状的差异反映了它们具有不同的资源环境, 色木槭生长主要受氮元素的限制; (3)南北坡向及火山间叶片厚度与叶面积均呈极显著的正相关关系, 叶片厚度与比叶面积在不同火山间均呈显著的正相关关系, 这与色木槭在火山土壤条件下的自我保护密切相关, 色木槭通过这些指标间的功能调节来适应环境的变化, 并形成最佳功能组合。五大连池不同历史年代火山的色木槭采用增加植物叶片叶干物质浓度、叶面积、叶片厚度、叶氮和叶磷浓度提高固碳能力, 通过降低比叶面积和氮磷比来适应干旱、土壤养分贫瘠的环境。

关键词: 五大连池火山, 坡向, 色木槭, 叶功能性状, 生存策略

Abstract:

Functional traits reflecting responses and adaptations of plants to their environment can be used as a bridge between plants and the changes occurring in their environment. The analysis of the relationship between plant functional traits and environmental gradients present on hill slopes can improve our understanding of adaptation mechanisms of plant communities under different microtopographic habitats. In this paper, nine leaf functional traits of Acer mono individuals were studied on eight volcanoes in different historical years in Wudalianchi, China. The main leaf functional traits of volcanic plants on shady and sunny slopes were determined. A change in survival strategy and adaptation mechanisms of shady and sunny slope plants was found. The results were as follows: (1) The change of slope direction is an important reason for the difference of leaf functional characteristics of Acer mono. (2) The difference of leaf functional characteristics in volcanoes reflects their different resource environments. At the same time, the growth of Acer mono is mainly limited by nitrogen. (3) Leaf thickness had a significant positive correlation with leaf area between the north-south slopes and between volcanoes. There was a significant positive correlation between leaf thickness and specific leaf area between volcanoes, which is related to the self-protection of Acer mono under volcanic soil conditions. These results suggest that Acer mono can respond to its environment and adapt to express the best combination of functional traits. Acer mono individuals from volcanoes of different ages have increased carbon sequestration capacity, leaf dry matter content, leaf area, leaf thickness, nitrogen and phosphorus content, while also having reduced specific leaf area and nitrogen to phosphorus ratio as an adaptation to abundant light, low water content and poor soil nutrients.

Key words: Wudalianchi volcano, slope, Acer mono, leaf functional traits, survival strategy

谢立红,黄庆阳,曹宏杰,杨帆,王继丰,倪红伟. 五大连池火山色木槭叶功能性状特征[J]. 生物多样性, 2019, 27(3): 286-296.

Xie Lihong,Huang Qingyang,Cao Hongjie,Yang Fan,Wang Jifeng,Ni Hongwei. Leaf functional traits of Acer mono in Wudalianchi Volcano, China[J]. Biodiv Sci, 2019, 27(3): 286-296.

图/表 9

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	叶干物质浓度 Leaf dry matter content	叶面积 Leaf size	比叶面积 Specific leaf area	叶片厚度 Leaf thickness	叶碳浓度 Leaf carbon content	叶钾浓度 Leaf kalium content	叶氮浓度 Leaf nitrogen content	叶磷浓度 Leaf phosphorus content	叶氮磷比 Ratio of nitrogen and phosphorus
东焦得布山 Dongjiaodebushan (DJDBS)	0.06	0.25	0.10	0.40	0.01	0.03	0.06	0.15	0.10
小孤山 Xiaogushan (XGS)	0.03	0.06	0.09	0.11	0.01	0.13	0.13	0.02	0.12
笔架山 Bijiashan (BJS)	0.04	0.03	0.16	0.05	0.02	0.05	0.07	0.08	0.00
西焦得布山 Xijiaodebushan (XJDBS)	0.12	0.01	0.05	0.01	0.02	0.22	0.09	0.02	0.07
尾山 Weishan (WS)	0.04	0.10	0.01	0.14	0.03	0.20	0.07	0.09	0.16
卧虎山 Wohushan (WHS)	0.03	0.05	0.15	0.07	0.06	0.21	0.05	0.02	0.08
北格拉球山 Beigelaqiushan (BGLQS)	0.00	0.10	0.07	0.18	0.01	0.11	0.06	0.01	0.12
南格拉球山 Nangelaqiushan (NGLQS)	0.08	0.09	0.12	0.15	0.02	0.01	0.07	0.08	0.15
南坡 South slope	0.08	0.10	0.12	0.15	0.03	0.27	0.12	0.07	0.15
北坡 North slope	0.05	0.10	0.11	0.16	0.03	0.18	0.11	0.12	0.18
南北坡向间 South /North	0.06	0.08	0.08	0.12	0.02	0.14	0.08	0.06	0.10
火山间 Between volcanoes	0.05	0.08	0.09	0.12	0.02	0.20	0.10	0.09	0.15

	叶干物质浓度 Leaf dry matter content	叶面积 Leaf size	比叶面积 Specific leaf area	叶片厚度 Leaf thickness	叶碳浓度 Leaf carbon content	叶钾浓度 Leaf kalium content	叶氮浓度 Leaf nitrogen content	叶磷浓度 Leaf phosphorus content	叶氮磷比 Ratio of nitrogen and phosphorus
东焦得布山 Dongjiaodebushan (DJDBS)	0.06	0.25	0.10	0.40	0.01	0.03	0.06	0.15	0.10
小孤山 Xiaogushan (XGS)	0.03	0.06	0.09	0.11	0.01	0.13	0.13	0.02	0.12
笔架山 Bijiashan (BJS)	0.04	0.03	0.16	0.05	0.02	0.05	0.07	0.08	0.00
西焦得布山 Xijiaodebushan (XJDBS)	0.12	0.01	0.05	0.01	0.02	0.22	0.09	0.02	0.07
尾山 Weishan (WS)	0.04	0.10	0.01	0.14	0.03	0.20	0.07	0.09	0.16
卧虎山 Wohushan (WHS)	0.03	0.05	0.15	0.07	0.06	0.21	0.05	0.02	0.08
北格拉球山 Beigelaqiushan (BGLQS)	0.00	0.10	0.07	0.18	0.01	0.11	0.06	0.01	0.12
南格拉球山 Nangelaqiushan (NGLQS)	0.08	0.09	0.12	0.15	0.02	0.01	0.07	0.08	0.15
南坡 South slope	0.08	0.10	0.12	0.15	0.03	0.27	0.12	0.07	0.15
北坡 North slope	0.05	0.10	0.11	0.16	0.03	0.18	0.11	0.12	0.18
南北坡向间 South /North	0.06	0.08	0.08	0.12	0.02	0.14	0.08	0.06	0.10
火山间 Between volcanoes	0.05	0.08	0.09	0.12	0.02	0.20	0.10	0.09	0.15

变量 Variable	火山间 Between volcanoes		坡向间 Between slopes
变量 Variable	F	P	F	P
叶干物质浓度 Leaf dry matter content	1.280	0.366	1.558	0.232
叶面积 Leaf size	1.207	0.395	2.983	0.106
比叶面积 Specific leaf area	1.333	0.346	0.339	0.570
叶片厚度 Leaf thickness	1.140	0.425	4.302	0.057
叶碳浓度 Leaf carbon content	0.996	0.496	0.149	0.705
叶钾浓度 Leaf kalium content	4.482	0.026^*	0.341	0.569
叶氮浓度 Leaf nitrogen content	3.285	0.059	0.010	0.922
叶磷浓度 Leaf phosphorus content	2.835	0.084	1.397	0.257
叶氮磷比 Ratio of nitrogen and phosphorus	4.065	0.034^*	0.464	0.507

变量 Variable	火山间 Between volcanoes		坡向间 Between slopes
变量 Variable	F	P	F	P
叶干物质浓度 Leaf dry matter content	1.280	0.366	1.558	0.232
叶面积 Leaf size	1.207	0.395	2.983	0.106
比叶面积 Specific leaf area	1.333	0.346	0.339	0.570
叶片厚度 Leaf thickness	1.140	0.425	4.302	0.057
叶碳浓度 Leaf carbon content	0.996	0.496	0.149	0.705
叶钾浓度 Leaf kalium content	4.482	0.026^*	0.341	0.569
叶氮浓度 Leaf nitrogen content	3.285	0.059	0.010	0.922
叶磷浓度 Leaf phosphorus content	2.835	0.084	1.397	0.257
叶氮磷比 Ratio of nitrogen and phosphorus	4.065	0.034^*	0.464	0.507

变量 Variable		LKC	N/P
	小孤山 XGS	0.006^*	0.425
	笔架山 BJS	0.004^*	0.068
	西焦得布山 XJDBS	0.158	0.959
	尾山 WS	0.199	0.154
	卧虎山 WHS	0.492	0.300
	北格拉球山 BGLQS	0.251	0.109
	南格拉球山 NGLQS	0.008^*	0.154
	笔架山 BJS	0.808	0.018^*
	西焦得布山 XJDBS	0.064	0.454
	尾山 WS	0.050^*	0.485
	卧虎山 WHS	0.018^*	0.795
	北格拉球山 BGLQS	0.039^*	0.363
	南格拉球山 NGLQS	0.833	0.042^*
笔架山 Bijiaoshan (BJS)	西焦得布山 XJDBS	0.043^*	0.063
	尾山 WS	0.034^*	0.006^*
	卧虎山 WHS	0.012^*	0.012^*
	北格拉球山 BGLQS	0.026^*	0.004^*
	南格拉球山 NGLQS	0.652	0.606
西焦得布山 Xijiaodebushan (XJDBS)	尾山 WS	0.880	0.167
	卧虎山 WHS	0.427	0.322
	北格拉球山 BGLQS	0.757	0.118
	南格拉球山 NGLQS	0.090	0.143
尾山 Weishan (WS)	卧虎山 WHS	0.516	0.655
	北格拉球山 BGLQS	0.874	0.822
	南格拉球山 NGLQS	0.071	0.014^*
卧虎山 Wohushan (WHS)	北格拉球山 BGLQS	0.620	0.506
卧虎山 Wohushan (WHS)	南格拉球山 NGLQS	0.025^*	0.028^*
北格拉球山 Beigelaqiushan (BGLQS)	南格拉球山 NGLQS	0.055	0.010^*