Biodiv Sci ›› 2017, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (3): 265-274. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2016337
• Special Feature: Biodiversity Monitoring • Previous Articles Next Articles
Yili Guo1,2, Dongxing Li1,2, Bin Wang1,2, Yunlin He1,2, Wusheng Xiang1,2, Yuliang Jiang1,2, Xiankun Li1,2,*()
Received:
2016-11-28
Accepted:
2017-01-23
Online:
2017-03-20
Published:
2017-04-07
Contact:
Li Xiankun
Yili Guo, Dongxing Li, Bin Wang, Yunlin He, Wusheng Xiang, Yuliang Jiang, Xiankun Li. Composition and spatio-temporal dynamics of litter fall in a northern tropical karst seasonal rainforest in Nonggang, Guangxi, southern China[J]. Biodiv Sci, 2017, 25(3): 265-274.
组分 Components | 凋落量Litter fall (kg/ha) (%) | |
---|---|---|
2013 | 2014 | |
花 Flower | 64.6 (1.33) | 34.8 (0.71) |
果 Fruit | 417.8 (8.60) | 64.6 (1.31) |
叶 Leaf | 4,334.8 (89.23) | 4,656.6 (94.48) |
枝 Twig | 17.8 (0.37) | 63.4 (1.28) |
杂物 Debris | 23.0 (0.47) | 109.4 (2.22) |
合计 Total | 4,858.0 (100.00) | 4,928.8 (100.00) |
Table 1 Comparison of the components of the litter fall between 2013 and 2014
组分 Components | 凋落量Litter fall (kg/ha) (%) | |
---|---|---|
2013 | 2014 | |
花 Flower | 64.6 (1.33) | 34.8 (0.71) |
果 Fruit | 417.8 (8.60) | 64.6 (1.31) |
叶 Leaf | 4,334.8 (89.23) | 4,656.6 (94.48) |
枝 Twig | 17.8 (0.37) | 63.4 (1.28) |
杂物 Debris | 23.0 (0.47) | 109.4 (2.22) |
合计 Total | 4,858.0 (100.00) | 4,928.8 (100.00) |
物种 Species | 凋落量 Litter fall (kg/ha) (%) | |
---|---|---|
2013 | 2014 | |
闭花木 Cleistanthus sumatranus | 738.7 (15.21) | 694.3 (14.09) |
广西牡荆 Vitex kwangsiensis | 471.6 (9.71) | 542.5 (11.01) |
苹婆 Sterculia monosperma | 450.3 (9.27) | 470.9 (9.55) |
海南椴 Diplodiscus trichosperma | 343.4 (7.07) | 425.1 (8.62) |
蚬木 Excentrodendron tonkinense | 239.0 (4.92) | 247.1 (5.01) |
广西棋子豆 Archidendron guangxiensis | 215.8 (4.44) | 127.9 (2.60) |
中国无忧花 Saraca dives | 207.9 (4.28) | 161.3 (3.27) |
劲直刺桐 Erythrina stricta | 180.0 (3.70) | 106.6 (2.16) |
鱼骨木 Canthium dicoccum | 172.2 (3.54) | 119.8 (2.43) |
米扬噎 Streblus tonkinensis | 112.4 (2.31) | 113.5 (2.30) |
羽叶白头树 Garuga pinnata | 99.1 (2.04) | 54.5 (1.11) |
广西澄广花 Orophea anceps | 92.8 (1.91) | 94.8 (1.92) |
金丝李 Garcinia paucinervis | 80.4 (1.65) | 69.1 (1.40) |
南烛厚壳桂 Cryptocarya lyoniifolia | 59.0 (1.21) | 57.9 (1.17) |
五瓣子楝树 Decaspermum parviflorum | 55.6 (1.14) | - |
黄梨木 Boniodendron minus | - | 70.4 (1.43) |
合计 Total | 3,518.2 (72.40) | 3,355.7 (68.07) |
Table 2 The feature of dominant species composition of litter fall production of leaves between 2013 and 2014
物种 Species | 凋落量 Litter fall (kg/ha) (%) | |
---|---|---|
2013 | 2014 | |
闭花木 Cleistanthus sumatranus | 738.7 (15.21) | 694.3 (14.09) |
广西牡荆 Vitex kwangsiensis | 471.6 (9.71) | 542.5 (11.01) |
苹婆 Sterculia monosperma | 450.3 (9.27) | 470.9 (9.55) |
海南椴 Diplodiscus trichosperma | 343.4 (7.07) | 425.1 (8.62) |
蚬木 Excentrodendron tonkinense | 239.0 (4.92) | 247.1 (5.01) |
广西棋子豆 Archidendron guangxiensis | 215.8 (4.44) | 127.9 (2.60) |
中国无忧花 Saraca dives | 207.9 (4.28) | 161.3 (3.27) |
劲直刺桐 Erythrina stricta | 180.0 (3.70) | 106.6 (2.16) |
鱼骨木 Canthium dicoccum | 172.2 (3.54) | 119.8 (2.43) |
米扬噎 Streblus tonkinensis | 112.4 (2.31) | 113.5 (2.30) |
羽叶白头树 Garuga pinnata | 99.1 (2.04) | 54.5 (1.11) |
广西澄广花 Orophea anceps | 92.8 (1.91) | 94.8 (1.92) |
金丝李 Garcinia paucinervis | 80.4 (1.65) | 69.1 (1.40) |
南烛厚壳桂 Cryptocarya lyoniifolia | 59.0 (1.21) | 57.9 (1.17) |
五瓣子楝树 Decaspermum parviflorum | 55.6 (1.14) | - |
黄梨木 Boniodendron minus | - | 70.4 (1.43) |
合计 Total | 3,518.2 (72.40) | 3,355.7 (68.07) |
月份 Month | 果 Fruits | 叶 Leaves | 花 Flowers | 枝 Twigs | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2013 | 2014 | 2013 | 2014 | 2013 | 2014 | 2013 | 2014 | |
1 月 January | 0.7 | 0.4 | 193.9 | 494.8 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | 0 |
2月 February | 4.5 | 2.1 | 165.7 | 444.8 | 0 | 0.1 | 21 | 12.4 |
3月 March | 7.1 | 3.8 | 565.6 | 632.8 | 3.8 | 1.5 | 1 | 1.6 |
4月 April | 1.5 | 4.6 | 565 | 637.5 | 16 | 16.3 | 20 | 17.5 |
5月 May | 11.6 | 0.5 | 338.3 | 344.5 | 1.9 | 14.1 | 5 | 8.5 |
6月 June | 47.9 | 1.3 | 487.7 | 281.6 | 0.4 | 2.4 | 3 | 4.3 |
7月 July | 71.4 | 7.5 | 106.5 | 239.5 | 0.1 | 0 | 9 | 11.1 |
8月 August | 151 | 12.5 | 288.3 | 289.4 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 5.3 |
9月 September | 84.4 | 9.6 | 435.1 | 341.7 | 0 | 0 | 0.5 | 0 |
10月 October | 32.1 | 12.7 | 469.9 | 362.9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
11月 November | 4.5 | 7.4 | 402 | 224.2 | 0 | 0 | 0.9 | 2.6 |
12月 December | 1.1 | 2.1 | 357.5 | 362.8 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0 | 0 |
Table 3 Temporal dynamics of different litter fall production between 2013 and 2014
月份 Month | 果 Fruits | 叶 Leaves | 花 Flowers | 枝 Twigs | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2013 | 2014 | 2013 | 2014 | 2013 | 2014 | 2013 | 2014 | |
1 月 January | 0.7 | 0.4 | 193.9 | 494.8 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | 0 |
2月 February | 4.5 | 2.1 | 165.7 | 444.8 | 0 | 0.1 | 21 | 12.4 |
3月 March | 7.1 | 3.8 | 565.6 | 632.8 | 3.8 | 1.5 | 1 | 1.6 |
4月 April | 1.5 | 4.6 | 565 | 637.5 | 16 | 16.3 | 20 | 17.5 |
5月 May | 11.6 | 0.5 | 338.3 | 344.5 | 1.9 | 14.1 | 5 | 8.5 |
6月 June | 47.9 | 1.3 | 487.7 | 281.6 | 0.4 | 2.4 | 3 | 4.3 |
7月 July | 71.4 | 7.5 | 106.5 | 239.5 | 0.1 | 0 | 9 | 11.1 |
8月 August | 151 | 12.5 | 288.3 | 289.4 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 5.3 |
9月 September | 84.4 | 9.6 | 435.1 | 341.7 | 0 | 0 | 0.5 | 0 |
10月 October | 32.1 | 12.7 | 469.9 | 362.9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
11月 November | 4.5 | 7.4 | 402 | 224.2 | 0 | 0 | 0.9 | 2.6 |
12月 December | 1.1 | 2.1 | 357.5 | 362.8 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0 | 0 |
偏回归系数 Partial regression coefficient ($\hat{\beta}_i$) | 标准差 SD | P | 标准化偏回归系数 Standardized coefficient ($\hat{\beta}_i^*$) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2013 | 2014 | 2013 | 2014 | 2013 | 2014 | 2013 | 2014 | |
截距 Intercept | 83.643 | -78.420 | 142.151 | 280.363 | 0.558 | 0.780 | ||
海拔 Elevation | -0.142 | 0.786 | 0.249 | 0.491 | 0.570 | 0.114 | -0.093 | 0.292 |
坡度 Slope | 0.615 | 0.640 | 0.989 | 1.951 | 0.536 | 0.744 | 0.111 | 0.066 |
凹凸度 Convexity | 11.08 | -3.739 | 12.525 | 24.702 | 0.379 | 0.880 | 0.124 | -0.008 |
坡向正弦值 Sine of aspect | -24.012 | -10.606 | 9.612 | 18.958 | 0.015 | 0.577 | -0.262 | -0.066 |
坡向余弦值 Cosine of aspect | 18.492 | 40.214 | 10.708 | 21.120 | 0.088 | 0.061 | 0.174 | 0.215 |
地形湿润度指数Topographic wetness index | -4.275 | 17.891 | 11.019 | 21.732 | 0.699 | 0.413 | -0.080 | 0.190 |
干旱度指数 Altitude above channel | -3.683 | 1.946 | 5.165 | 10.187 | 0.478 | 0.849 | -0.099 | 0.030 |
胸高断面积 Basal area | 219.000 | -99.223 | 179.596 | 354.213 | 0.026 | 0.780 | 0.363 | -0.093 |
最大胸径 Maximum DBH | 0.405 | 1.007 | 1.383 | 2.726 | 0.770 | 0.713 | 0.066 | 0.094 |
平均胸径 Mean DBH | 31.149 | 25.945 | 12.939 | 15.520 | 0.018 | 0.816 | 0.497 | 0.254 |
个体数 Individuals | 1.758 | 0.051 | 0.652 | 1.287 | 0.009 | 0.969 | 0.572 | 0.009 |
Table 4 Tests of generalized linear models for modeling total litter fall production and ecological factors between 2013 and 2014
偏回归系数 Partial regression coefficient ($\hat{\beta}_i$) | 标准差 SD | P | 标准化偏回归系数 Standardized coefficient ($\hat{\beta}_i^*$) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2013 | 2014 | 2013 | 2014 | 2013 | 2014 | 2013 | 2014 | |
截距 Intercept | 83.643 | -78.420 | 142.151 | 280.363 | 0.558 | 0.780 | ||
海拔 Elevation | -0.142 | 0.786 | 0.249 | 0.491 | 0.570 | 0.114 | -0.093 | 0.292 |
坡度 Slope | 0.615 | 0.640 | 0.989 | 1.951 | 0.536 | 0.744 | 0.111 | 0.066 |
凹凸度 Convexity | 11.08 | -3.739 | 12.525 | 24.702 | 0.379 | 0.880 | 0.124 | -0.008 |
坡向正弦值 Sine of aspect | -24.012 | -10.606 | 9.612 | 18.958 | 0.015 | 0.577 | -0.262 | -0.066 |
坡向余弦值 Cosine of aspect | 18.492 | 40.214 | 10.708 | 21.120 | 0.088 | 0.061 | 0.174 | 0.215 |
地形湿润度指数Topographic wetness index | -4.275 | 17.891 | 11.019 | 21.732 | 0.699 | 0.413 | -0.080 | 0.190 |
干旱度指数 Altitude above channel | -3.683 | 1.946 | 5.165 | 10.187 | 0.478 | 0.849 | -0.099 | 0.030 |
胸高断面积 Basal area | 219.000 | -99.223 | 179.596 | 354.213 | 0.026 | 0.780 | 0.363 | -0.093 |
最大胸径 Maximum DBH | 0.405 | 1.007 | 1.383 | 2.726 | 0.770 | 0.713 | 0.066 | 0.094 |
平均胸径 Mean DBH | 31.149 | 25.945 | 12.939 | 15.520 | 0.018 | 0.816 | 0.497 | 0.254 |
个体数 Individuals | 1.758 | 0.051 | 0.652 | 1.287 | 0.009 | 0.969 | 0.572 | 0.009 |
偏回归系数 Partial regression coefficient ($\hat{\beta}_i$) | 标准差 SD | P | 标准化偏回归系数 Standardized coefficient ($\hat{\beta}_i^*$) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2013 | 截距 Intercept | 27.516 | 49.672 | 0.081 | |
坡度 Slope | 0.909 | 0.585 | 0.024 | 0.164 | |
坡向余弦值 Cosine of aspect | 15.011 | 10.036 | 0.039 | 0.141 | |
坡向正弦值Sine of aspect | -27.444 | 8.764 | 0.002 | -0.300 | |
胸高断面积 Basal area | -148.935 | 84.552 | 0.082 | -0.045 | |
平均胸径 Mean DBH | 27.965 | 9.822 | 0.006 | 0.446 | |
个体数 Individuals | 1.511 | 0.437 | 0.001 | 0.491 | |
2014 | 截距 Intercept | 92.670 | 69.406 | 0.045 | |
坡向余弦值 Cosine of aspect | 43.303 | 18.941 | 0.025 | 0.432 | |
平均胸径 Mean DBH | 26.615 | 8.272 | 0.026 | 0.458 | |
平均值 Average | 截距 Intercept | 235.340 | 35.658 | 0.000 | |
坡向余弦值 Cosine of aspect | 32.684 | 12.614 | 0.011 | 0.268 | |
平均胸径 Mean DBH | 1.865 | 7.446 | 0.053 | 0.215 |
Table 5 Tests of best model of generalized linear models for modeling total litter fall production and ecological factors between 2013 and 2014 (with the lowest value of AIC)
偏回归系数 Partial regression coefficient ($\hat{\beta}_i$) | 标准差 SD | P | 标准化偏回归系数 Standardized coefficient ($\hat{\beta}_i^*$) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2013 | 截距 Intercept | 27.516 | 49.672 | 0.081 | |
坡度 Slope | 0.909 | 0.585 | 0.024 | 0.164 | |
坡向余弦值 Cosine of aspect | 15.011 | 10.036 | 0.039 | 0.141 | |
坡向正弦值Sine of aspect | -27.444 | 8.764 | 0.002 | -0.300 | |
胸高断面积 Basal area | -148.935 | 84.552 | 0.082 | -0.045 | |
平均胸径 Mean DBH | 27.965 | 9.822 | 0.006 | 0.446 | |
个体数 Individuals | 1.511 | 0.437 | 0.001 | 0.491 | |
2014 | 截距 Intercept | 92.670 | 69.406 | 0.045 | |
坡向余弦值 Cosine of aspect | 43.303 | 18.941 | 0.025 | 0.432 | |
平均胸径 Mean DBH | 26.615 | 8.272 | 0.026 | 0.458 | |
平均值 Average | 截距 Intercept | 235.340 | 35.658 | 0.000 | |
坡向余弦值 Cosine of aspect | 32.684 | 12.614 | 0.011 | 0.268 | |
平均胸径 Mean DBH | 1.865 | 7.446 | 0.053 | 0.215 |
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