Abstract: Understanding the distribution patterns of plant stoichiometric characteristics is of great significance for revealing their nutrient allocation strategies and predicting plant responses to environmental changes. As a representative shrub species in the middle reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River Basin, Sophora moorcroftiana plays crucial ecological roles in windbreak and sand fixation, as well as soil and water conservation in this region. In this study, utilizing field data from the special project "Research on Shrub Carbon Sinks in the Tibet Autonomous Region" under the Class A Strategic Pilot Science and Technology Project "Current Status, Rates, Mechanisms, and Potentials of Carbon Sequestration in Shrub Ecosystems" by the Chinese Academy of Sciences, we conducted community surveys and sample collections across 19 plots and 57 quadrats of Sophora moorcroftiana shrublands. Carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) concentrations were measured in both shrub tissues and soils, which were compiled into the C, N, and P stoichiometric characteristic dataset of Sophora moorcroftiana communities in the middle reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River basin. The community characteristic dataset includes community type, origin, plant height, crown width, and phenological phase for each shrub individual, totaling 10,538 entries. The stoichiometric measurements for different shrub organs (leaf, branch, root) yielded 1,300 data points. Soil stoichiometric characteristics and pH values across different depths were measured, providing 1,719 data entries. This dataset offers primary data resources for in-depth studies of vegetation patterns and stoichiometric traits of Sophora moorcroftiana in the middle Yarlung Zangbo River basin.

Key words: Sophora moorcroftiana, Community characteristics, Ecological stoichiometry, Distribution pattern, Middle reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River