Validity of Pseudobagrus sinensis and mitochondrial DNA diversity of Pseudobagrus fulvidraco populations in China

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1003.2010.262

Abstract

Abstract:

Based on the differences in caudal peduncle, snout length, predorsal profile and the lateral color pattern, Ng & Kottelat ( 2007) supposed that the currently recognized Pseudobagrus fulvidraco represent at least two distinct species, P. sinensis from northern China and P. fulvidraco from southern China. We examined the forenamed morphologic characters and sequenced the cytochrome bgene segments of 70 specimens to test the validity of P. sinensis. We found the differences in predorsal profile and the lateral color pattern do not occur together with the differences in caudal peduncle and snout length. Results of molecular phylogenetic and population genetic analyses were: (1) the most common haplotype detected was shared by P. sinensis and P. fulvidraco; (2) the reciprocal monophyly of both species was not confirmed whereas all samples of the two species were grouped in a monophyletic cluster with 100% bootstrap support; (3) gene flow is ongoing between populations of P. sinensis and P. fulvidraco (Nm = 4.7); and (4) the haplotype network did not detect any disjoint groups corresponding to the two species. We thus speculate that P. sinensis is not valid species but probably a synonym of P. fulvidraco. Low genetic divergence was detected among P. fulvidraco populations of China’s main river drainages, which was supposed to be resulted from a recent population expansion that occurred about 101,000-141,000 years ago. No significant geological architecture was detected from Chinese populations ofP. fulvidraco and the historical river connection might have promoted the gene exchange among different geological populations.

Key words: Pseudobagrus fulvidraco, Pseudobagrus sinensis, cyt b, genetic diversity, gene flow, population expansion

Xiying Ku, Chuanjiang Zhou, Shunping He. Validity of Pseudobagrus sinensis and mitochondrial DNA diversity of Pseudobagrus fulvidraco populations in China[J]. Biodiv Sci, 2010, 18(3): 262-274.

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URL: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/10.3724/SP.J.1003.2010.262

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/Y2010/V18/I3/262

Figures/Tables 8

Table 1 Sampling and morphometric data for fish materials of Pseudobagrus fulvidraco and P. sinensis.Specimens under grey represent those provisionally identified as P. sinensis according to Ng & Kottelat ( 2007).

Table 2 Comparison of caudal peduncle and snout length between Pseudobagrus sinensisand P. fulvidraco

	尾柄长/体长比例 Caudal peduncle length / standard length		吻长与/头长比例 Snout length / head length
	P. sinensis	P. fulvidraco		P. sinensis	P. fulvidraco
Ng & Kottelat ( 2007)	9.5-10.9%	7.3-9.6%	29.8-32.2%		32.2-37.5%
本研究测量结果 Measurements in this study	11.5-16.3%	9.9-16.8%	27.1-35.7%		24.9-38.1%

Fig. 1 The neighbor-joining (NJ) / maximum parsimony (MP) tree based on cyt bgene sequences. Values above nodes are proportions of 1,000 bootstrap pseudoreplicates in which the node was recovered in NJ/MP analysis (only values above 50% are shown). The grey boxes are haplotypes of Pseudobagrus sinensis.

Fig. 2 Network relationships of haplotypes. Size of circle is proportional to the sample size of haplotypes. Small black circles represent a haplotype which is a necessary intermediate but is not found in the sampled population. Each line connecting haplotypes represent one mutation step. The grey circles are haplotypes of Pseudobagrus sinensis (F5 is not marked).

Table 3 Hierarchical analysis of AMOVA

遗传变异来源 Source of variation	Φ_ST	Φ_SC	Φ_CT	组间 Among groups (%)	群体间 Within populations (%)
所有群体 All populations	0.892	-	-	89.15	10.85
水系间 Among drainages	0.922	0.159	0.907	90.74	7.79
系统树的分支 Among clades	0.959	0.607	0.897	89.66	4.07
物种间 Between species (P. sinensis/P. fulvidraco)	-0.147	-0.562	0.265	26.5	-41.26

Table 4 Uncorrected p distances among groups of different drainages

	长江 Yangtze River	珠江 Pearl River	闽江 Minjiang	韩江 Hanjiang	富春江 Fuchunjiang	水系内不同群体间 Among groups within drainages
长江 Yangtze River						0.0008
珠江 Pearl River	0.0040					0.0027
闽江 Minjiang River	0.0028	0.0050				0.0018
韩江 Hanjiang River	0.0051	0.0067	0.0058			0.0006
富春江 Fuchunjiang River	0.0035	0.0055	0.0038	0.0042		0.0009
辽河 Liaohe River	0.0058	0.0070	0.0068	0.0071	0.0059	0.0037

Table 1 Sample locality and distribution of the haplotypes F1-F27 in the populations.

Fig. 3 Mismatch distribution for the population of Pseudobagrus fulvidraco. The solid line depicts the simulated mismatch distribution, the dashed line describes the observed distribution.

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