Abstract:

Background and Aims: As the core institutional guarantee for China’s ecological civilization, the ecological conservation redline system has entered a supervision-centered implementation phase following its comprehensive delineation in 2023. The introduction of emerging technologies, such as big data and satellite remote sensing, has opened up new possibilities for the precise and dynamic monitoring of these redlines. Establishing the corresponding regulatory legal frameworks is therefore crucial to adapting to this transformation and enhancing the effectiveness of supervision. 

Methods: This paper examines the policy evolution and supervisory practices of the ecological conservation redline system, and also analyzes the challenges confronting the current legal supervision framework and their underlying causes. 

Results: The legal frameworks for the supervision of the ecological conservation redline encounter multiple practical challenges, including a structural mismatch between delineation and supervision bodies, limited participation of stakeholders, inadequate data-sharing mechanisms for monitoring, and an incomplete accountability system for supervision entities. 

Recommendations: These institutional challenges fundamentally stem from a mismatch between institutional supply, technological application, and governance demands. To address this, this paper applies the theory of smart supervision. Based on the legal requirements for the modernization of intelligent supervision of ecological conservation redline, this paper clarifies the power and responsibility boundaries for the collaboration of diverse intelligent supervision entities at the normative level, improves the intelligent data integration and sharing model for ecological conservation redline through institutional design, and optimizes the accountability system for intelligent supervision relying on legal constraints, so as to provide institutional guarantees for the standardized governance of intelligent supervision over ecological conservation redline.

Key words: ecological conservation redline, ecological conservation redline supervision platform, smart supervision, data-sharing, legal liability