Abstract: Genetic variability within and among three indigenous pig breeds ( Tongcheng Pig , Qingping Pig and Yangxin Pig) in Hubei Province was surveyed , by means of 27 microsatellite loci recommended by ISAG (the International Society for Animal Genetics) and FAO( Food and Agriculture Organization) . Genetic heterozygosity of each pig breed , polymorphism information content of each microsatellite locus and genetic distances among these populations were calculated. The results showed that allelic number and frequencies at the same locus obviously differed among the breeds. Some alleles were shared by all breeds , for instance 159bp , 162bp and 164bp in S0155 , and 110bp in Sw72 , while some other alleles were observed only in a single breed , such as 94bp and 96bp in Sw72 that were found solely in Yangxin Pig , 233bp , 245bp and 249bp in S0288 were in Tongcheng Pig , 249bp and 253bp in Sw90 were in Qingping Pig. Therefore , the common alleles (such as 158bp , 162bp and 164bp in S0155) are likely to be the oldest and the most distinctive for the native pig breeds of China. Geneic heterozygosity of three pig breed is 0. 7489 , 0. 6987 and 0. 6273 respectively , indication high genetic diversity. Genetic relationship between Tongcheng Pig and Qingping Pig is closer than their relationship with Yangxin Pig.