生物多样性 ›› 2008, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (1): 53-62.  DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.07050

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

黄河下游家绵羊与家山羊遗传关系的微卫星分析

王建民1,2, 岳文斌1,*   

  1. 1 山西农业大学动物科技学院, 太谷 030801
    2 山东农业大学动物科技学院, 泰安 271018
  • 收稿日期:2007-02-15 接受日期:2007-07-30 出版日期:2008-01-27 发布日期:2008-01-27
  • 通讯作者: 岳文斌
  • 作者简介:*E-mail:wb-yue@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(30371045);科技部科技成果转化基金(05EFN213700167)

Genetic relationships of domestic sheep and goats in the lower reaches of the Yellow River based on microsatellite analysis

Jianmin Wang1,2, Wenbin Yue1,*   

  1. 1 College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agriculture University, Taigu 030801
    2 College of Animal Science, Shandong Agriculture University, Tai’an 271018
  • Received:2007-02-15 Accepted:2007-07-30 Online:2008-01-27 Published:2008-01-27
  • Contact: Wenbin Yue

摘要:

为了探讨家养绵羊与山羊的属间遗传关系, 我们利用13个定位于绵羊染色体上的微卫星基因座, 分析了黄河下游4个地方绵羊品种、4个地方山羊品种和1个杂交绵羊类群的遗传结构及其系统发生关系。经Hardy-Weinberg平衡检验和中性测试, 发现地方绵羊和山羊种群均处于不平衡状态(P< 0.01), 61.53%的基因座属于中性位点, 说明所研究种群属于非随机交配, 可能受到选择、迁移等进化因素的影响。对有效等位基因数、多态信息含量、Shannon信息指数、观察杂合度和期望杂合度等遗传多样性参数进行比较, 发现绵羊种群的遗传变异程度明显(P<0.01或P<0.05)高于山羊种群, 但不同基因座上的差异效应不一致; 结合F统计量和亲缘关系等参数, 可推测绵羊和山羊虽然均存在不同程度的近交现象(He>Ho, FIS>0),但分别属于杂交和近交繁殖。通过群体遗传分化和系统发育拓扑结构分析, 证明绵羊属由共同祖先分化而来的时间晚于山羊属, 两属间的遗传距离为1.0708-1.5927, 遗传分化时间约为19,807-28,955年; 绵羊属内品种间的遗传分化程度(FST<0.05)均低于山羊属内品种间的分化(FST>0.15)。本研究揭示了人工选择对同域家养绵羊与山羊交配系统的形成及群体遗传分化具有深刻的影响。

关键词: Ovis aries, Capra hircus, 微卫星基因座, 多态信息含量, 杂合度, 遗传距离

Abstract

We assessed the genetic structure and phylogenic relationships of domestic native sheep and goat breeds from the lower reaches of the Yellow River using 13 microsatellite loci. The results showed that most of these loci were in Hardy-Weinberg disequilibrium (P< 0.01), and about 61.53% of the loci were neutral, indicating that evolutionary forces such as artificial selection and migration might have effect on these breeds. We compared the total and effective number of alleles, gene diversity, polymorphism information content (PIC), Shannon's information index, observed and expected heterozygosities of the breeds. The results showed that genetic diversity was higher in sheep (P< 0.01 orP< 0.05) than in goat. However, the differential effects in different loci were different. Some extent of inbreeding existed in the two genera (He > Ho, FIS > 0). We also analyzed genetic differentiation, genetic distance and population phylogenic topology structure. The results showed that the genetic divergence time of sheep populations was later than that of goat populations from same ancestors. The genetic distance between the two genera was 1.0708-1.5927. The time difference of genetic divergence was between 19,807 and 28,955 years. The degree of genetic differentiation ( FST < 0.05) and genetic distance (0.2185-0.3396) among sheep breeds were lower than those among goat breeds ( FST > 0.15 and 0.3708-0.9868, respectively). The time of genetic divergence was between 3,972 and 5,725 years of the former, and between 6,743 and 17,940 years of the latter. This paper revealed that artificial selection had a profound effect on the shaping of genetic diversity among domestic animals and their genetic differentiation.

Key words: Ovis aries, Capra hircus, microsatellite loci, polymorphism information content, heterozygosity, genetic distance