基于淘宝网电商平台的苔藓植物生物多样性调查: 贸易现状和保护启示

doi:10.17520/biods.2025258

生物多样性 ›› 2025, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (10): 25258. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2025258 cstr: 32101.14.biods.2025258

• 研究报告: 植物多样性 • 上一篇下一篇

基于淘宝网电商平台的苔藓植物生物多样性调查: 贸易现状和保护启示

祁天运¹, 庄锦炅¹, 苏欣¹, 张凯², 张翔¹, 张莉娜¹, 郝杰威¹^,^*()()

1.海南大学生态学院, 海口 570228
2.海南师范大学生命科学学院热带岛屿生态学教育部重点实验室, 海口 571158

收稿日期:2025-07-02 接受日期:2025-09-01 出版日期:2025-10-20 发布日期:2025-11-21
通讯作者: * E-mail: 995379@hainanu.edu.cn
基金资助:
海南大学科研启动项目(KYQD(ZR)-22105);海南省研究生创新科研课题(Qhys2024-239);海南省自然科学基金(425MS033);国家自然科学基金(32160315)

Investigation of bryophyte biodiversity based on the Taobao e-commerce platform: Trade status and conservation implications

Tianyun Qi¹, Jinjiong Zhuang¹, Xin Su¹, Kai Zhang², Xiang Zhang¹, Lina Zhang¹, Jiewei Hao¹^,^*()()

1 School of Ecology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
2 Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China

Received:2025-07-02 Accepted:2025-09-01 Online:2025-10-20 Published:2025-11-21
Contact: * E-mail: 995379@hainanu.edu.cn
Supported by:
Start-up Fund of Hainan University(KYQD(ZR)-22105);Hainan Province Graduate Student Innovation Research Project(Qhys2024-239);Hainan Provincial Natural Science Foundation(425MS033);National Natural Science Foundation of China(32160315)

1. 附录.pdf(519KB)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

我国苔藓植物物种丰富, 其中很多物种具有极高的景观和园艺价值, 而随着网络交易平台的兴起, 苔藓植物的线上交易也越来越普遍。为了解国内电商平台苔藓植物的贸易情况, 我们对中国最受欢迎的交易平台淘宝网的交易进行了为期一年调查(2022年10月至2023年10月)。利用Octopus v8.6.4、阿明查查v6.0.2软件爬取网络交易信息并结合人工浏览收集的方法, 分析了淘宝网苔藓植物的贸易情况。研究发现: 苔藓类贸易涉及到47科89属187种苔藓植物, 其中, 桧叶白发藓(Leucobryum juniperoideum)和多纹泥炭藓(Sphagnum multifibrosum)属于国家二级重点保护野生植物。灰藓科、羽藓科、白发藓科、提灯藓科、真藓科、丛藓科、青藓科和紫萼藓科苔藓植物是最大的贸易对象。苔藓的贸易形式主要为鲜活苔藓、苔藓垫材、苔藓孢子粉及苔藓微景观产品4类, 其中, 鲜活苔藓类商品和苔藓孢子粉最大销量对应的价位为 < 10元/盒, 而49.07%的垫材类商品的定价集中于10-49元; 微景观组合产品72.92%的定价集中于 > 10元。苔藓商品货源地较集中, 主要包括浙江省、广东省、江苏省、福建省、山东省、安徽省和四川省。商家售卖苔藓植物时仅以景观用途为卖点的有176种, 仅以园艺/爬宠垫材用途为卖点的4种, 以双用途作为卖点的7种。本次调查共记录到146种完全来自野生资源的苔藓植物, 并发现部分供应商刻意包装“稀有”、“野生”苔藓植物。为加强中国野生苔藓植物多样性保护, 建议各网络平台依据最新《国家重点保护野生植物名录(2021版)》, 制定苔藓植物商品信息发布规则; 同时, 针对货源地大力推广苔藓种植技术, 并允许相关机构及研究人员获取部分贸易参数。相关部门也应利用网络平台加强苔藓植物科普宣传与信息交流, 共同守护野生苔藓植物资源。

关键词: 苔藓贸易, 电商平台, 经济价值, 野生资源, 保护利用

Abstract

Aims: China has high diversity of bryophyte species, and many of them have high ornamental and horticultural value. With the rapid development of online trading platforms, the online trade of bryophytes has become increasingly prevalent. This study aims to investigate the scope of online bryophyte trade in China, focusing on Taobao, the most popular trading platform in the country.
Methods: We analyzed the bryophytes trade on Taobao by crawling online transaction data using software Octopus v8.6.4 and Amingchacha v6.0.2, combined with manual browsing.
Results: The online trade involves 187 bryophytes species from 89 genera across 47 families. Among them, Leucobryum juniperoideum and Sphagnum multifibrosum are classified as national second-class key protected wild plants. Bryophytes from Hypnaceae, Thuidiaceae, Leucobryaceae, Mniaceae, Bryaceae, Pottiaceae, Brachytheciaceae, and Grimmiaceae are the largest trade commodities. The trade forms of bryophyte mainly consist of four categories: fresh bryophyte, bryophyte bedding, bryophyte spore powder, and bryophyte micro-landscape products. Among these, the price point corresponding to the highest sales volume for fresh bryophyte products and bryophyte spore powder is < 10 yuan per box, while for bryophyte bedding, 49.07% of the items are priced between 10-49 yuan. For bryophyte micro-landscape combination products, 72.92% of the items are priced above 10 yuan. The sources of goods are relatively concentrated, primarily including Zhejiang, Guangdong, Jiangsu, Fujian, Shandong, Anhui, and Sichuan provinces. 176 species of bryophytes were sold solely for ornamental purposes, 4 species of bryophytes marketed exclusively for horticultural/reptile bedding purposes, and 7 species of bryophytes promoted for both purposes. This study recorded 146 bryophyte species entirely derived from wild sources, and identified some suppliers deliberately marketing them as “rare” and “wild”.
Conclusion: To strengthen the protection of biodiversity of China’s wild bryophytes, it is recommended that online platforms formulate rules for the release of bryophyte product information based on the latest List of National Key Protected Wild Plants in China (2021). Meanwhile, bryophyte cultivation techniques should be vigorously promoted in sourcing areas, and relevant institutions and researchers should be allowed to access certain trade parameters. Relevant departments should also utilize online platforms to enhance public education and information exchange on bryophytes, collectively safeguarding the resources of wild bryophytes.

Key words: bryophyte trade, e-commerce platform, economic value, wild resources, conservation and utilization.

祁天运, 庄锦炅, 苏欣, 张凯, 张翔, 张莉娜, 郝杰威 (2025) 基于淘宝网电商平台的苔藓植物生物多样性调查: 贸易现状和保护启示. 生物多样性, 33, 25258. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2025258.

Tianyun Qi, Jinjiong Zhuang, Xin Su, Kai Zhang, Xiang Zhang, Lina Zhang, Jiewei Hao (2025) Investigation of bryophyte biodiversity based on the Taobao e-commerce platform: Trade status and conservation implications. Biodiversity Science, 33, 25258. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2025258.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2025258

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2025/V33/I10/25258

图/表 2

表1 淘宝网售卖的苔藓相关商品最大销量价格分布

Table 1 Distribution of maximum sales prices for bryophyte- related products sold on the Taobao

贸易形式 Form of trade	价格 Price (RMB)
贸易形式 Form of trade	< 10	10-49	50-100	> 100
鲜活苔藓 Fresh bryophyte	1,416	733	124	79
苔藓垫材 Bryophyte bedding	765	975	136	111
苔藓孢子粉 Bryophyte spore powder	135	37	8	0
苔藓微景观 Bryophyte micro-landscape	358	586	178	200

图1 淘宝网售卖的鲜活苔藓植物科的标本数占比

Fig. 1 Percentage of specimens of fresh bryophyte families sold on the Taobao

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基于淘宝网电商平台的苔藓植物生物多样性调查: 贸易现状和保护启示

Investigation of bryophyte biodiversity based on the Taobao e-commerce platform: Trade status and conservation implications

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