生物多样性 ›› 2008, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (2): 191-196.  DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.07199

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

黄浦江和苏州河上游鱼类多样性组成的时空特征

陈小华, 李小平*(), 程曦   

  1. 上海市环境科学研究院, 上海 200233
  • 收稿日期:2007-07-27 接受日期:2007-10-25 出版日期:2008-03-20 发布日期:2008-02-20
  • 通讯作者: 李小平
  • 作者简介:*E-mail:xiaoping_lee@hotmail.com
  • 基金资助:
    上海市科委重大攻关项目(04DZ12030)

Spatial-temporal distribution of fish assemblages in the upstreams of Huangpu River and Suzhou Creek

Xiaohua Chen, Xiaoping Li*(), Xi Cheng   

  1. Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai 200233
  • Received:2007-07-27 Accepted:2007-10-25 Online:2008-03-20 Published:2008-02-20
  • Contact: Xiaoping Li

摘要:

为初步了解黄浦江和苏州河的鱼类多样性组成及其时空分布特征, 2005年6月至2006年5月, 对黄浦江上游河段的淀峰、松浦大桥两个站点, 以及苏州河上游河段的白鹤、黄渡两个站点进行了逐月的鱼类监测。四个站点共采集到鱼类44种, 隶属10目14科35属, 其中苏州河上游30种, 隶属6目10科25属, 黄浦江上游39种, 隶属10目13科32属。黄浦江上游鱼类的物种多样性明显高于苏州河上游, 白鹤、松浦大桥、淀峰之间的鱼类群落为中等相似, 黄渡与松浦大桥、淀峰之间的鱼类群落为中等不相似。各站点的鱼类具明显的季节性变化, 夏、秋季大于冬、春季。四个站点的鱼类均以杂食性和定居性的物种为主, 杂食性鱼类物种数占51.5-62.5%。松浦大桥站的江海洄游性和河湖洄游性鱼类数量明显多于其他站点。鱼类物种的时空重现率计算结果反映了黄浦江、苏州河上游各水域的鱼类群落具相对独立性。初步研究结果表明长期恶化的水质问题和较差的水系连通度可能是影响苏州河上游鱼类多样性的关键因素, 而黄浦江具更大水域面积, 以及较好水质状况和水系连通度, 有利于丰富鱼类多样性。

关键词: 鱼类物种多样性, 时空变化, 黄浦江, 苏州河

Abstract

Fish assemblages were investigated at four sites in the upper reaches of Huangpu River and Suzhou Creek, Shanghai, China monthly between June 2005 and May 2006. Forty four fish species in total, belonging to 10 orders, 14 families, 35 genera, were recorded. A total of 30 species belonging to 6 orders, 10 families and 25 genera, were recorded at Baihe and Huangdu on Suzhou Creek, and a total of 39 species belonging to 10 orders, 13 families and 32 genera were collected at Dianfeng and Songpu Bridge on the Huangpu River. Spatio-temporal distribution patterns were observed for the diversity of fish assemblages, with greater species richness in summer and autumn than in winter and spring, and higher species diversity in the upper Huangpu River than in Suzhou Creek. The fish community at Baihe was highly similar to those at the two sites in the Huangpu River, whereas the fish community at Huangdu station was moderately dissimilar to those at the two Huangpu River sites. Between-stream variation in community composition was greater than within-stream variation. Fish communities at the four sites were dominated by omnivore species, which occupied 51.5-62.5% of the communities, and sedentary species. Songpu Bridge had the highest species richness of river-sea migratory species and river-lake migratory species. The results suggested that the fish assemblages at the four sites are somewhat spatially isolated. Further, water quality and interconnectedness of waterways may be important factors influencing diversity of fish species in upper Suzhou creek. It was suggested that higher species diversity of fish in the upstream section of Huangpu River was due to a larger volume of water body, better interconnectedness of waterways and water quality.

Key words: species diversity of fish, spatio-temporal distribution, Huangpu River, Suzhou Creek