生物多样性 ›› 2025, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (4): 24293.  DOI: 10.17520/biods.2024293

• 战略生物资源专题 • 上一篇    下一篇

家养动物及其野生近缘种中文名与拉丁名使用的建议

谢林哲1,2,3, 彭旻晟1,2, 韩建林4, 方美英5, 吕锋骅5, 陈宁博6, 王国栋1,2, 李钢7, 尹婷婷1,2,3*   

  1. 1. 遗传进化与动物模型重点实验室, 中国科学院昆明动物研究所, 昆明 650223; 2. 云南省畜禽分子生物学重点实验室, 中国科学院昆明动物研究所, 昆明 650223; 3. 中国西南野生生物种质资源库, 昆明 650201; 4. 崖州湾国家实验室, 海南三亚 572000; 5. 中国农业大学动物科学技术学院, 北京 100193; 6. 西北农林科技大学动物科技学院, 陕西省动物遗传育种与繁殖重点实验室, 陕西杨凌 712100; 7. 陕西师范大学生命科学院, 西安 710119

  • 收稿日期:2024-07-03 修回日期:2024-11-21 出版日期:2025-04-20 发布日期:2024-12-08
  • 通讯作者: 尹婷婷

Suggestions on standardizing the use of Chinese and Latin names for domestic animals and their wild relatives

Linzhe Xie1,2,3, Minsheng Peng1,2, Jianlin Han4, Meiying Fang5, Fenghua Lü5, Ningbo Chen6, Guodong Wang1,2, Gang Li7, Tingting Yin1,2,3*   

  1. 1 Key Laboratory of Genetic Evolution & Animal Models, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China

    2 Yunnan Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Domestic Animals, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China

    3 Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China

    4 Yazhou Bay National Laboratory, Sanya, Hainan 572000, China

    5 College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China

    6 Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China

    7 College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China

  • Received:2024-07-03 Revised:2024-11-21 Online:2025-04-20 Published:2024-12-08
  • Contact: Tingting Yin

摘要:

家养动物及其野生近缘种是重要的战略生物资源, 对新品种选育、种业创新、野生动物保护至关重要。我国拥有丰富且独特的家养动物品种, 也是众多野生近缘种的现生分布地和家养动物驯化起源中心之一。家养动物及其野生近缘种的中文名和拉丁名用法混乱, 阻碍了战略生物资源的准确鉴定, 影响有效的科研交流和科普宣传, 并容易造成重要战略生物资源的流失。本文通过检索国内外相关文献、网站, 调查了家养动物驯化起源历史最新的研究进展, 着重分析了家养动物及其野生近缘种的中文名、拉丁名、英文名的来源和使用情况, 并结合《国家重点保护野生动物名录(2021)》《中国生物多样性红色名录(2021)》《濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约(2023)》等官方文件和学术报告的有关物种名称的使用情况, 梳理了主要家养动物及其野生近缘种的名称在这三种语言间的对应关系, 在此基础上提出了适合国内使用的18种主要家养动物的中文名和拉丁名的使用建议。

关键词: 家养动物, 野生近缘种, 中文名, 拉丁名, 名称厘定

Abstract

Background & Aim: Domestic animals and wild relatives are important biological resources, which are crucial to the breeding of new breeds, germplasm innovation and wildlife protection. China has abundant and unique domestic breeds, and it is also one of the distribution of many wild relatives and the origin centers of domestic animal domestication. The confusion in the usage of Chinese and Latin names of domestic animals and wild relatives hinders the accurate identification of biological resources, affects the effective scientific research communication and science popularization, and easily causes the loss of important biological resources.

Methods: This paper searched through domestic and international relevant literature and websites, to investigate the research progress on the origin and history of domestication of domestic animals and the sources and use of names of domestic animals and their wild relatives in Chinese, English and Latin. Official documents such as the List of State Key Protected Wild Animals (2021), threatened species listed on China’s Red List (2021), Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (2023) and other official documents were used.

Conclusion & Suggestions: This research leads to four principles: (1) The Latin names of domestic animals and wild relatives should fully consider their origin and domestication history. (2) The Chinese names of domestic animals and wild relatives should conform to the rules of taxonomy, and it is recommended to use the names of official documents or related monographs. (3) The Latin name of the offspring produced by the hybridization of species should be expressed by the Latin scientific name of the parent, and the order of the Latin name should be distinguished from the orthogonal or inverse cross. (4) International conventions, national laws and regulations, scientific reports and other official documents shall used first according to the context.

Key words: Domesticated animal, Wild relatives, Chinese name, Latin name, Name determination