通过综合受威胁状态和保护价值评估云南省自然植被的保护优先性

doi:10.17520/biods.2023324

生物多样性 ›› 2024, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (3): 23324. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2023324 cstr: 32101.14.biods.2023324

• 研究报告: 生态系统多样性 • 上一篇下一篇

通过综合受威胁状态和保护价值评估云南省自然植被的保护优先性

陶斯琦¹, 杨飞龄²^,³, 华朝朗⁴^,^*(), 武瑞东²^,³

1.云南大学生态与环境学院, 昆明 650500
2.云南大学国际河流与生态安全研究院, 昆明 650500
3.云南省国际河流与跨境生态安全重点实验室, 昆明 650500
4.云南省林业调查规划院, 昆明 650051

收稿日期:2023-09-06 接受日期:2023-12-08 出版日期:2024-03-20 发布日期:2024-03-06
通讯作者: *E-mail: huacl@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(32071650);云南省基础研究专项重大项目(202101BC070002);云南省基础研究专项(202301AT070200);云南大学产教融合研究生联合培养基地项目

Priority assessment for natural vegetation conservation in Yunnan Province by integrating threatened status and conservation value

Siqi Tao¹, Feiling Yang²^,³, Chaolang Hua⁴^,^*(), Ruidong Wu²^,³

1 School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500
2 Institute of International Rivers and Eco-security, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500
3 Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Transboundary Eco-Security, Kunming 650500
4 Yunnan Institute of Forest Inventory and Planning, Kunming 650051

Received:2023-09-06 Accepted:2023-12-08 Online:2024-03-20 Published:2024-03-06
Contact: *E-mail: huacl@163.com

1. 附录.pdf(818KB)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

植被保护优先性评估是保护规划制定和保护资源配置的重要基础。目前, 评估植被保护优先性的因子较为单一, 结合多因子系统性评估植被保护优先性的研究还很有限。本研究综合考虑植被受威胁状况和保护价值, 评估了云南省104类自然群系的保护优先性。首先, 根据IUCN生态系统红色名录评估框架评估群系受威胁状态; 然后, 选取濒危保护物种丰富度、冠层高度和碳储量3个指标, 加权计算各群系的生态系统质量以表征其保护价值; 最后, 通过综合受威胁状态与保护价值评估云南省自然植被的保护优先性, 并进一步划分为4个植被保护类型。研究结果表明: (1)在云南省104类群系中, 66.3%的群系受威胁等级为易危/濒危/极危(VU/EN/CR), 受到不同程度的威胁, 群系的分布范围受限是导致其受威胁的关键因素。(2) 45.2%的群系评估为高和极高保护价值, 38.5%的群系评估为中等保护价值, 植被质量整体较高。(3)综合评估建议: 保护价值高或极高且受威胁的31类群系进行优先保护; 保护价值中等但受威胁的26类群系进行次优先保护; 保护价值极高或高但未受威胁的16类群系进行预先保护; 其他群系进行一般保护。(4)云南省已建自然保护区对优先、次优先和预先保护植被的覆盖率分别为19.5%、9.7%和16.9%, 还存在一定的保护空缺。本研究构建的综合受威胁状态和保护价值的植被保护优先性评估方法, 能够为区域尺度生态系统水平的保护规划与行动提供科学支持。

关键词: 自然植被, 群系, IUCN生态系统红色名录, 受威胁状态, 保护价值, 云南省

Abstract

Aims: Priority assessment for natural vegetation conservation is an important foundation for formulating conservation plans and allocating conservation resources. Currently, only a single factor is often employed in the assessment of vegetation conservation, and studies on systematically combining multiple factors to assess priorities in vegetation conservation are scarce. This study therefore aims to assess the conservation priorities of natural vegetation types by integrating their threatened status and conservation values.
Methods: We assessed the conservation priorities of 104 natural formations in Yunnan Province. First, we determined the threatened status of the formations based on their declining and restricted distribution (Criteria A and B) according to the IUCN Red List of Ecosystems. We then assessed the conservation value of each formation by calculating the weighted sum of three indicators, namely endangered species richness, canopy height, and carbon storage. We finally calculated the conservation priorities of the formations by integrating the data layers of threatened status and conservation value. Based on the priority assessment results, we further classified the formations into four types.
Results: The results were as follows: (1) 66.3% of the 104 formations were characterized as vulnerable (VU), endangered (EN), or critically endangered (CR), the restricted distribution range of the formations was the key factor influencing the assessment of their threatened status. (2) 45.2% of all formations had a high or extremely high degree of conservation value, whereas 38.5% of all formations had a moderate conservation value; overall, vegetation quality was high. (3) The integrated assessment results suggest that priority conservation should focus on the 31 formations with high or extremely high conservation values characterized as threatened. Secondary priority conservation is recommended for the 26 formations with moderate conservation value and threatened status, whereas proactive conservation measures should be implemented for the 16 formations with extremely high or high conservation values but not currently threatened, and implementing general conservation for all other formations. (4) The coverage ratio of priority, secondary and proactive conservation vegetation in Yunnan’s nature reserves was 19.5%, 9.7%, and 16.9% respectively, with some conservation gaps.
Conclusion: We assessed the conservation priorities of natural vegetation by considering both threatened status and conservation value. The methods and analysis developed in this study provide vital science-based support for regional conservation planning and actions in terms of ecosystem conservation.

Key words: natural vegetation, formation, IUCN Red List of Ecosystems, threatened status, conservation value, Yunnan Province

陶斯琦, 杨飞龄, 华朝朗, 武瑞东 (2024) 通过综合受威胁状态和保护价值评估云南省自然植被的保护优先性. 生物多样性, 32, 23324. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2023324.

Siqi Tao, Feiling Yang, Chaolang Hua, Ruidong Wu (2024) Priority assessment for natural vegetation conservation in Yunnan Province by integrating threatened status and conservation value. Biodiversity Science, 32, 23324. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2023324.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2023324

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2024/V32/I3/23324

图/表 10

Fig. 1 Schematic diagram of the method for estimating the loss of natural vegetation area based on land use types data (taking randomly selected Pinus kesiya var. langbianensis forest patches in Yunnan Province as an example). (a) The partial patches area of the P. kesiya var. langbianensis forest distributed in the Vegetation Map of the People’s Republic of China (1:1,000,000); (b) Land use types in the distribution area of the P. kesiya var. langbianensis forest patches in 2000; (c) The partial patches area of the P. kesiya var. langbianensis forest in 2000 after excluding cultivated land and artificial land; (d) The land use data in 2020; (e) The partial patches area of the P. kesiya var. langbianensis forest in 2020 after excluding cultivated land and artificial land.

图2 云南省境内的苍山冷杉林的生境范围(EOO)与生境占地面积(AOO)

Fig. 2 The extent of occurrence (EOO) and area of occupancy (AOO) of Abies delavayi forest in Yunnan Province

图3 IUCN生态系统红色名录标准A、标准B及综合两个标准的评估结果。CR: 极危; EN: 濒危; VU: 易危; NT: 近危; LC: 无危。

Fig. 3 The evaluation results of the IUCN Red List of Ecosystems criterion A and B, as well the integrating A and B criteria. CR, Critically Endangered; EN, Endangered; VU, Vulnerable; NT, Near Threatened; LC, Least Concern.

表1 不同受威胁等级群系的数量、占地面积及其占比

Table 1 The number, area and their ratio of formations under different threatened degrees

类别 Category	无危/近危 LC/NT	易危 VU	濒危 EN	极危 CR
群系数量 No. of formations (%)	35 (33.7)	16 (15.4)	23 (22.1)	30 (28.8)
植被面积 Vegetation area (km²) (%)	173,322.9 (84.3)	21,608.7 (10.5)	9,138.5 (4.5)	1,407.9 (0.7)

图4 云南省植被受威胁等级分布。CR: 极危; EN: 濒危; VU: 易危; NT: 近危; LC: 无危。

Fig. 4 Spatial distribution of threatened level of vegetation in Yunnan Province. CR, Critically Endangered; EN, Endangered; VU, Vulnerable; NT, Near Threatened; LC, Least Concern.

图5 用于评估植被保护价值的三个指标及植被保护价值的空间分布。(a)冠层高度; (b)濒危保护物种丰富度; (c)碳储量; (d)保护价值。

Fig. 5 The spatial distribution of three indicators to evaluating the conservation value of vegetation and vegetation conservation value. (a) Canopy height; (b) Endangered species richness; (c) Carbon storage; (d) Conservation value.

表2 不同保护价值等级的群系数量、面积及其占比

Table 2 The number, area and ratio of formations under different conservation value degrees

类别 Category	极高保护价值 EHCV	高保护价值 HCV	中等保护价值 MCV	低保护价值 LCV
群系数量 No. of formations (%)	12 (11.5)	35 (33.7)	40 (38.5)	17 (16.3)
植被面积 Vegetation area (km²) (%)	1,742.4 (0.9)	51,513.9 (25.1)	144,391.6 (70.3)	7,644.2 (3.7)

表3 各保护类型植被的数量、占地面积及占比

Table 3 The number, area and ratio of different vegetation conservation type

植被类型 Vegetation type	组合类型 Combination type	群系数量 No. of formations	总面积 Total area (km²) (%)
优先保护 Priority conservation	EHCV-CR	8	6,183.1 (3.0)
	EHCV-EN	2
	EHCV-VU	1
	HCV-CR	6
	HCV-EN	7
	HCV-VU	7
次优先保护 Secondary conservation	MCV-CR	9	21,006.4 (10.2)
	MCV-EN	10
	MCV-VU	7
预先保护 Proactive conservation	EHCV-NT/LC	1	47,073.3 (22.9)
预先保护 Proactive conservation	HCV-NT/LC	15
一般保护 General conservation	MCV-NT/LC	14	131,029.4 (63.9)
	LCV-CR	7
	LCV-EN	4
	LCV-VU	1
	LCV-NT/LC	5

图6 云南省植被推荐保护类型的分布

Fig. 6 Spatial distribution of recommended conservation types for vegetation in Yunnan Province

图7 云南省优先、次优先、预先保护植被与自然保护区空间分布

Fig. 7 Spatial distribution of priority/secondary/proactive conservation vegetation and nature reserves in Yunnan Province

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通过综合受威胁状态和保护价值评估云南省自然植被的保护优先性

Priority assessment for natural vegetation conservation in Yunnan Province by integrating threatened status and conservation value

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