准噶尔无叶豆5个自然居群ISSR遗传变异的空间自相关分析

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1003.2010.134

生物多样性 ›› 2010, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (2): 129-136. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2010.134

准噶尔无叶豆5个自然居群ISSR遗传变异的空间自相关分析

刘燕¹^,², 张道远¹^,^*(), 杨红兰¹

¹中国科学院干旱区生物地理与生物资源重点实验室, 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所, 乌鲁木齐 830011
²中国科学院研究生院, 北京 100049

收稿日期:2009-07-07 接受日期:2009-11-16 出版日期:2010-03-20 发布日期:2010-03-20
通讯作者: 张道远
作者简介:*E-mail: daoyuanzhang@163.net
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(30970547);新疆科技厅科技支撑计划项目(200933122);重大专项项目(200731138-3)

Spatial genetic structure in five natural populations of Eremosparton songoricum as revealed by ISSR analysis

Liu Yan¹^,², Zhang Daoyuan¹^,^*()

¹Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011
²Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049

Received:2009-07-07 Accepted:2009-11-16 Online:2010-03-20 Published:2010-03-20
Contact: Zhang Daoyuan

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用空间自相关分析方法对准噶尔无叶豆(Eremosparton songoricum)5个居群遗传变异的空间结构进行了研究。根据8对ISSR引物扩增的多态性位点, 选择了基因频率在30-70%的ISSR位点, 运用GenAlEx 6和SAAP4.3软件以及地理距离间隔方法分别计算了5个居群的空间自相关系数。结果表明: 准噶尔无叶豆居群具有明显的空间遗传结构, 绝大多数ISSR位点变异呈非随机分布。位于沙漠腹地的B、D居群和位于沙漠东缘的F居群的遗传变异呈现渐变模式, 分别在7 m, 7 m及9 m范围内个体呈现显著正相关, 推测与克隆繁殖占绝对优势、有性更新罕见发生有关, 而克隆大小的差别则主要由微生境差异所引起。位于沙漠北缘的G居群的遗传变异呈现双向渐变模式, 在3 m内个体呈现显著正相关, 这与该居群实生幼苗增补密切相关, 但花粉和种子的有限散布所导致的距离隔离对该居群空间遗传结构产生了重要影响。而沙漠腹地的A居群呈现衰退模式, 是因为小居群增加了近交的几率, 并引起了遗传漂变。

关键词: Eremosparton songoricum, 空间自相关, 遗传结构, 保护遗传学, Moran’sI指数

Abstract

Spatial autocorrelation analyses have highlighted the importance of clonal growth in shaping the spatial genetic structure in Eremosparton songoricum, a woody rhizomatic clonal shrub distributed in drift sand dunes of the Gurbantunggut Desert of China. Spatial patterns of genetic variation in five populations of E. songoricum found in different community types and habitats were investigated using Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers. Using GeneAlEx Genetic Analysis Software and the computer program of SAAP 4.3 and the polymorphic bands generated from eight ISSR primers, we calculated an autocorrelation coefficient with a frequency between 0.3 and 0.7. Equal geographic distance was considered when estimating spatial genetic distribution patterns. In this paper, populations B (located in hinterland desert), D (located in hinterland desert) and F (located in east of desert) occurred as a cline pattern, in which individual plants within distances of 7 m, 7 m and 9 m had significant positive correlation, respectively. Our results suggested that the natural properties of clonal reproduction were the main factors influencing the spatial distribution patterns of these three populations. Population G (located in north of desert) occurred as double cline pattern, in which individual plants within 3 m had significant positive correlation, respectively. Seed recruitment was successful in population G, while restricted seed and pollen dispersal, and intervention of human activities were main factors influencing the spatial genetic structure. Population A (located in hinterland desert) exhibited depression pattern. The small size of population A would increase the likelihood of self-fertilization (inbreeding) by pollination among ramets of the same genets, and would induce random genetic drift. Knowledge of spatial genetic structures within populations is crucial for understanding evolutionary processes and ecological adaptations, and provides a baseline for the conservation and management of E. songoricum, especially for ex situ conservation sampling strategies.

Key words: Eremosparton songoricum, spatial autocorrelation, spatial genetic structure, conservation genetics, Moran’sI index

刘燕, 张道远, 杨红兰 (2010) 准噶尔无叶豆5个自然居群ISSR遗传变异的空间自相关分析. 生物多样性, 18, 129-136. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2010.134.

Liu Yan, Zhang Daoyuan (2010) Spatial genetic structure in five natural populations of Eremosparton songoricum as revealed by ISSR analysis. Biodiversity Science, 18, 129-136. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2010.134.

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参考文献 42

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居群 Population	经纬度 Location	海拔(m) Altitude	群丛类型 Associatioin type	生境 Habitat
A	44°38'N 88°16'E	548	准噶尔无叶豆 + 蛇麻黄群丛 Eremosparton songoricum+ Ephedra distachyaassociation	南北向沙垄下部风蚀流沙地(位于沙漠腹地) Wind erosion sand surface of the lower south-north dune (located in hinterland desert, small population)
B	44°46'N 88°16'E	605	准噶尔无叶豆 + 沙蒿 + 三芒草群丛 Eremosparton songoricum + Artemisia arenaria + Aristida pennataassociation	垄间低地及沙丘中下部(位于沙漠腹地) Interdune and middle-lower part of the dune (located in hinterland desert)
D	44°58'N 88°25'E	647	准噶尔无叶豆群丛 Eremosparton songoricumassociation	道路和引水工程等建设区周围或两侧的缓起伏沙垄(沙丘)上(位于沙漠腹地) On dunes beside the road or encircle the transferring water project (located in hinterland desert)
F	44°14'N 90°04'E	718	准噶尔无叶豆 + 三芒草 + 一年生长营养期植物群系丛 Eremosparton songoricum + Aristida pennata + annual plant association	垄底部至缓起伏的垄顶(位于沙漠东缘) From the bottom to the top of dune (located in east of desert)
G	46°21'N 88°38'E	794	准噶尔无叶豆 + 沙蒿群丛 Eremosparton songoricum + Artemisia arenaria association	平缓流沙地(位于沙漠北缘, 紧邻乌仑谷湖) Flat wind erosion sand dune (located in north of desert, beside Wulungu Lake)

居群 Population	经纬度 Location	海拔(m) Altitude	群丛类型 Associatioin type	生境 Habitat
A	44°38'N 88°16'E	548	准噶尔无叶豆 + 蛇麻黄群丛 Eremosparton songoricum+ Ephedra distachyaassociation	南北向沙垄下部风蚀流沙地(位于沙漠腹地) Wind erosion sand surface of the lower south-north dune (located in hinterland desert, small population)
B	44°46'N 88°16'E	605	准噶尔无叶豆 + 沙蒿 + 三芒草群丛 Eremosparton songoricum + Artemisia arenaria + Aristida pennataassociation	垄间低地及沙丘中下部(位于沙漠腹地) Interdune and middle-lower part of the dune (located in hinterland desert)
D	44°58'N 88°25'E	647	准噶尔无叶豆群丛 Eremosparton songoricumassociation	道路和引水工程等建设区周围或两侧的缓起伏沙垄(沙丘)上(位于沙漠腹地) On dunes beside the road or encircle the transferring water project (located in hinterland desert)
F	44°14'N 90°04'E	718	准噶尔无叶豆 + 三芒草 + 一年生长营养期植物群系丛 Eremosparton songoricum + Aristida pennata + annual plant association	垄底部至缓起伏的垄顶(位于沙漠东缘) From the bottom to the top of dune (located in east of desert)
G	46°21'N 88°38'E	794	准噶尔无叶豆 + 沙蒿群丛 Eremosparton songoricum + Artemisia arenaria association	平缓流沙地(位于沙漠北缘, 紧邻乌仑谷湖) Flat wind erosion sand dune (located in north of desert, beside Wulungu Lake)

	距离等级 Distance class
	1.0	2.0	3.0	4.0	5.0	6.0	7.0	8.0	9.0	10.0
居群A Population A
正相关(%)	31(93.9)	19(57.6)	4(12.1)	6(18.2)	11(33.3)	19(57.6)	19(57.6)	24(72.7)	8(24.2)	2(6.1)
Positive correlation (%)
负相关(%)	0(0)	13(39.4)	17(51.5)	18(54.5)	16(48.5)	11(33.3)	8(24.2)	7(21.2)	21(63.6)	26(78.9)
Negative correlation (%)
显著相关比例	93.9	97.0	63.6	72.7	81.8	90.9	81.8	93.9	87.9	84.8
Significant correlation (%)
居群B Population B
正相关(%)	25(100)	19(76.0)	17(68.0)	15(60.0)	16(64.0)	12(48.0)	8(32.0)	3(12.0)	2(8.0)	1(4.0)
Positive correlation (%)
负相关(%)	0(0)	1(4.0)	4(16.0)	7(28.0)	8(32.0)	10(40.0)	17(68.0)	20(80.0)	23(92.0)	21(84.0)
Negative correlation (%)
显著相关比例	100.0	80.0	84.0	88.0	96.0	88.0	100.0	92.0	100.0	88.0
Significant correlation (%)
居群D Population D
正相关(%)	27(100)	23(85.2)	16(59.3)	14(51.9)	14(51.9)	13(48.1)	10(37.0)	8(29.6)	5(18.5)	6(22.2)
Positive correlation (%)
负相关(%)	0(0)	3(11.1)	9(33.3)	13(48.1)	12(44.4)	12(44.4)	15(55.6)	18(66.7)	19(70.4)	20(74.1)
Negative correlation (%)
显著相关比例	100.0	96.3	92.6	100.0	96.3	92.6	92.6	96.3	88.9	96.3
Significant correlation (%)
居群F Population F
正相关(%)	28(100)	19(67.9)	20(71.4)	15(53.6)	17(60.7)	11(39.3)	15(53.6)	14(50.0)	10(35.7)	4(14.3)
Positive correlation (%)
负相关(比例)	0(0)	4(14.3)	7(25.0)	8(28.6)	10(35.7)	8(28.6)	11(39.3)	12(42.9)	18(64.3)	23(82.1)
Negative correlation (%)
显著相关比例	100.0	82.1	96.4	82.1	96.4	67.9	92.9	92.9	100.0	96.4
Significant correlation (%)
居群G Population G
正相关(%)	22(75.9)	14(48.3)	7(24.1)	11(37.9)	9(31.0)	7(24.1)	9(31.0)	10(34.5)	21(72.4)	24(82.8)
Positive correlation (%)
负相关(%)	0(0)	9(31.0)	5(17.2)	12(41.4)	14(48.3)	18(62.1)	15(51.7)	12(41.4)	3(10.3)	2(6.9)
Negative correlation (%)
显著相关比例	75.9	79.3	41.4	79.3	79.3	86.2	82.8	75.9	82.8	89.7
Significant correlation (%)

	距离等级 Distance class
	1.0	2.0	3.0	4.0	5.0	6.0	7.0	8.0	9.0	10.0
居群A Population A
正相关(%)	31(93.9)	19(57.6)	4(12.1)	6(18.2)	11(33.3)	19(57.6)	19(57.6)	24(72.7)	8(24.2)	2(6.1)
Positive correlation (%)
负相关(%)	0(0)	13(39.4)	17(51.5)	18(54.5)	16(48.5)	11(33.3)	8(24.2)	7(21.2)	21(63.6)	26(78.9)
Negative correlation (%)
显著相关比例	93.9	97.0	63.6	72.7	81.8	90.9	81.8	93.9	87.9	84.8
Significant correlation (%)
居群B Population B
正相关(%)	25(100)	19(76.0)	17(68.0)	15(60.0)	16(64.0)	12(48.0)	8(32.0)	3(12.0)	2(8.0)	1(4.0)
Positive correlation (%)
负相关(%)	0(0)	1(4.0)	4(16.0)	7(28.0)	8(32.0)	10(40.0)	17(68.0)	20(80.0)	23(92.0)	21(84.0)
Negative correlation (%)
显著相关比例	100.0	80.0	84.0	88.0	96.0	88.0	100.0	92.0	100.0	88.0
Significant correlation (%)
居群D Population D
正相关(%)	27(100)	23(85.2)	16(59.3)	14(51.9)	14(51.9)	13(48.1)	10(37.0)	8(29.6)	5(18.5)	6(22.2)
Positive correlation (%)
负相关(%)	0(0)	3(11.1)	9(33.3)	13(48.1)	12(44.4)	12(44.4)	15(55.6)	18(66.7)	19(70.4)	20(74.1)
Negative correlation (%)
显著相关比例	100.0	96.3	92.6	100.0	96.3	92.6	92.6	96.3	88.9	96.3
Significant correlation (%)
居群F Population F
正相关(%)	28(100)	19(67.9)	20(71.4)	15(53.6)	17(60.7)	11(39.3)	15(53.6)	14(50.0)	10(35.7)	4(14.3)
Positive correlation (%)
负相关(比例)	0(0)	4(14.3)	7(25.0)	8(28.6)	10(35.7)	8(28.6)	11(39.3)	12(42.9)	18(64.3)	23(82.1)
Negative correlation (%)
显著相关比例	100.0	82.1	96.4	82.1	96.4	67.9	92.9	92.9	100.0	96.4
Significant correlation (%)
居群G Population G
正相关(%)	22(75.9)	14(48.3)	7(24.1)	11(37.9)	9(31.0)	7(24.1)	9(31.0)	10(34.5)	21(72.4)	24(82.8)
Positive correlation (%)
负相关(%)	0(0)	9(31.0)	5(17.2)	12(41.4)	14(48.3)	18(62.1)	15(51.7)	12(41.4)	3(10.3)	2(6.9)
Negative correlation (%)
显著相关比例	75.9	79.3	41.4	79.3	79.3	86.2	82.8	75.9	82.8	89.7
Significant correlation (%)

准噶尔无叶豆5个自然居群ISSR遗传变异的空间自相关分析

Spatial genetic structure in five natural populations of Eremosparton songoricum as revealed by ISSR analysis

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