The distribution pattern and biodiversity conservation of freshwater crabs in Hainan Island

doi:10.17520/biods.2020326

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims: The biodiversity of tropical islands is a popular topic in global biodiversity conservation research. Hainan Island is the largest tropical island in China. Freshwater crabs are a keystone species for freshwater ecosystems in Hainan Island. The aims of this study were thus to identify the distribution pattern and assess the threat status of freshwater crabs in Hainan Island.
Methods: In this study, we used field surveys and conducted a literature review to investigate the species diversity and conservation status for freshwater crabs in Hainan.
Results: Our results indicate that the diversity hotspots for freshwater crab species on Hainan Island are located in the south-central mountainous area (especially Bawangling, Yinggeling, Mihouling, Wuzhi Mountain, Diaoluo Mountain and Jianfengling). Freshwater crab diversity is higher in the central and southern mountains and lower in the plains. According to the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria, 16.7% of freshwater crab species on Hainan Island are threatened. Diversity conservation effectiveness analyses demonstrate that the Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park system as leading part of Hainan’s protected area system is better than the previous system (which was several fragmented nature reserves) for covering the potential distribution areas of freshwater crabs. Overall, conservation status for freshwater crabs in Hainan Island is favorable, but some species are threatened.
Conclusion: The establishment of the national park system is expected to provide unprecedented opportunities for the conservation of freshwater crab species diversity in Hainan Island. Monitoring freshwater biological diversity based on the distribution pattern of species diversity will promote the long-term protection and sustainable development for freshwater ecosystems on Hainan Island.

Key words: Hainan Island, freshwater crabs, spatial distribution pattern, IUCN Red List, species distribution prediction, Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park

Xiyang Hao, Cha He, Kelin Chu, Zhixin Shen, Qiang Zhao, Wei Gao, Da Pan, Hongying Sun. The distribution pattern and biodiversity conservation of freshwater crabs in Hainan Island[J]. Biodiv Sci, 2021, 29(5): 605-616.

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URL: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/10.17520/biods.2020326

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/Y2021/V29/I5/605

Figures/Tables 6

References 41

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分类地位 Classification	物种名 Species name
溪蟹科 Potamidae
非仿溪蟹属 Apotamonautes*	海南非仿溪蟹泮水亚种 Apotamonautes hainanensis banshuiensis*
	海南非仿溪蟹霸王岭亚种 Apotamonautes hainanensis bawanglingensis*
	海南非仿溪蟹指名亚种 Apotamonautes hainanensis hainanensis*
	海南非仿溪蟹南林亚种 Apotamonautes hainanensis nanlinensis*
海南溪蟹属 Hainanpotamon	戴氏海南溪蟹 Hainanpotamon daiae*
	府城海南溪蟹 Hainanpotamon fuchengense*
	和乐海南溪蟹 Hainanpotamon helense*
	东方海南溪蟹 Hainanpotamon orientale*
新内溪蟹属 Neotiwaripotamon*	白氏新内溪蟹 Neotiwaripotamon whiteheadi*
	尖峰新内溪蟹 Neotiwaripotamon jianfengense*
岩溪蟹属 Calcipotamon*	紫光岩溪蟹 Calcipotamon puglabrum*
拟地蟹科 Gecarcinucidae
束腰蟹属 Somanniathelphusa	坝王束腰蟹 Somanniathelphusa bawangensis*
	海南束腰蟹 Somanniathelphusa hainanensis*
	琼山束腰蟹 Somanniathelphusa qiongshanensis*
	通什束腰蟹 Somanniathelphusa tongzhaensis*

分类地位 Classification	物种名 Species name
溪蟹科 Potamidae
非仿溪蟹属 Apotamonautes*	海南非仿溪蟹泮水亚种 Apotamonautes hainanensis banshuiensis*
	海南非仿溪蟹霸王岭亚种 Apotamonautes hainanensis bawanglingensis*
	海南非仿溪蟹指名亚种 Apotamonautes hainanensis hainanensis*
	海南非仿溪蟹南林亚种 Apotamonautes hainanensis nanlinensis*
海南溪蟹属 Hainanpotamon	戴氏海南溪蟹 Hainanpotamon daiae*
	府城海南溪蟹 Hainanpotamon fuchengense*
	和乐海南溪蟹 Hainanpotamon helense*
	东方海南溪蟹 Hainanpotamon orientale*
新内溪蟹属 Neotiwaripotamon*	白氏新内溪蟹 Neotiwaripotamon whiteheadi*
	尖峰新内溪蟹 Neotiwaripotamon jianfengense*
岩溪蟹属 Calcipotamon*	紫光岩溪蟹 Calcipotamon puglabrum*
拟地蟹科 Gecarcinucidae
束腰蟹属 Somanniathelphusa	坝王束腰蟹 Somanniathelphusa bawangensis*
	海南束腰蟹 Somanniathelphusa hainanensis*
	琼山束腰蟹 Somanniathelphusa qiongshanensis*
	通什束腰蟹 Somanniathelphusa tongzhaensis*

种名 Species name	受胁等级 Threatened categories	所依据的标准 IUCN Redlist Criteria
海南非仿溪蟹 Apotamonautes hainanensis	LC
戴氏海南溪蟹 Hainanpotamon daiae	LC
府城海南溪蟹 Hainanpotamon fuchengense	VU	B1ab(i, ii, iii) + 2ab(i, ii, iii)
和乐海南溪蟹 Hainanpotamon helense	LC
东方海南溪蟹 Hainanpotamon orientale	VU	B1ab(iii) + 2ab(iii)
白氏新内溪蟹 Neotiwaripotamon whiteheadi	NT
尖峰新内溪蟹 Neotiwaripotamon jianfengense	LC
紫光岩溪蟹 Calcipotamon puglabrum	NT
坝王束腰蟹 Somanniathelphusa bawangensis	LC
海南束腰蟹 Somanniathelphusa hainanensis	LC
琼山束腰蟹 Somanniathelphusa qiongshanensis	LC
通什束腰蟹 Somanniathelphusa tongzhaensis	LC

种名 Species name	受胁等级 Threatened categories	所依据的标准 IUCN Redlist Criteria
海南非仿溪蟹 Apotamonautes hainanensis	LC
戴氏海南溪蟹 Hainanpotamon daiae	LC
府城海南溪蟹 Hainanpotamon fuchengense	VU	B1ab(i, ii, iii) + 2ab(i, ii, iii)
和乐海南溪蟹 Hainanpotamon helense	LC
东方海南溪蟹 Hainanpotamon orientale	VU	B1ab(iii) + 2ab(iii)
白氏新内溪蟹 Neotiwaripotamon whiteheadi	NT
尖峰新内溪蟹 Neotiwaripotamon jianfengense	LC
紫光岩溪蟹 Calcipotamon puglabrum	NT
坝王束腰蟹 Somanniathelphusa bawangensis	LC
海南束腰蟹 Somanniathelphusa hainanensis	LC
琼山束腰蟹 Somanniathelphusa qiongshanensis	LC
通什束腰蟹 Somanniathelphusa tongzhaensis	LC

种名 Species name	分布区像元数 Pixel of presence	NRs覆盖像元数 Pixel of presence covered by NRs	NRs覆盖比例 Coverage of NRs (%)	NP覆盖的像元数 Pixel of presence covered by NP	NP覆盖比例 Coverage of NP (%)
紫光岩溪蟹 Calcipotamon puglabrum*	203	55	27.09	203	100.00
府城海南溪蟹 Hainanpotamon fuchengense*	1,125	0	0.00	0	0.00
白氏新内溪蟹 Neotiwaripotamon whiteheadi*	2,233	328	14.69	1,312	58.76
和乐海南溪蟹 Hainanpotamon helense*	3,752	0	0.00	0	0.00
尖峰新内溪蟹 Neotiwaripotamon jianfengense*	5,729	1,534	26.78	3,354	58.54
东方海南溪蟹 Hainanpotamon orientale*	6,317	1,338	21.18	2,694	42.65
琼山束腰蟹 Somanniathelphusa qiongshanensis	6,853	0	0.00	0	0.00
海南束腰蟹 Somanniathelphusa hainanensis	7,023	0	0.00	0	0.00
坝王束腰蟹 Somanniathelphusa bawangensis	7,872	65	0.83	441	5.60
通什束腰蟹 Somanniathelphusa tongzhaensis	12,175	1,254	10.30	3,190	26.20
海南非仿溪蟹 Apotamonautes hainanensis	12,323	1,835	14.89	4,621	37.50
戴氏海南溪蟹 Hainanpotamon daiae	14,331	2,044	14.26	5,073	35.40
均值 Average	6,661.33	704	10.83	1,741	30.39