Genetic diversity in six natural populations of Betula luminifera from southern China

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1003.2010.233

Abstract

Abstract:

Betula luminifera, a precious timber species in southern mountain areas of China, can be found only in natural reserves because of over harvesting. We examined the genetic diversity and genetic structure of six natural populations of B. luminifera distributed in Zhejiang, Fujian, Jiangxi, Guangxi, and Guizhou using AFLP markers. A total of 323 polymorphic loci were amplified and 355 alleles were detected using nine pairs of primers. Percentage of polymorphism loci (PPL) ranged 93.20-98.60% and Nei’s gene diversity (h_j) ranged 0.3143-0.3645, suggesting a high genetic diversity in natural populations of B. luminifera. At the species level, the total genetic diversity (H_t) was 0.3616. High gene flow (N_m = 3.5962) was detected among populations, and the genetic differentiation coefficient was 0.0650. AMOVA analysis showed that genetic variation among the populations accounted for 11.49% of the total. Genetic distance was the largest (0.0665) between Zhejiang (LA) and Guizhou (XW) populations and the smallest (0.0173) between Jiangxi (LN) and Guangxi (LS) populations, indicating that LN and LS populations may originate from the same ancestor. Mantel test revealed that genetic distance was not significantly related to geographical distance (r = 0.423,P = 0.113) but was significantly relative to average temperature difference of each location (r = 0.449, P = 0.017). In combination with on-site investigation, we conclude that the present status of genetic diversity and genetic structure of natural populations of B. luminifera was strongly affected by harvesting and habitat fragmentation. We propose some suggestions on its conservation.

Key words: Betula luminifera, AFLP marker, genetic structure, genetic differentiation, genetic diversity

Junhong Zhang, Huahong Huang, Zaikang Tong, Longjun Cheng, Yuelong Liang, Yiliang Chen. Genetic diversity in six natural populations of Betula luminifera from southern China[J]. Biodiv Sci, 2010, 18(3): 233-240.

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URL: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/10.3724/SP.J.1003.2010.233

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/Y2010/V18/I3/233

Figures/Tables 8

References 33

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群体 Population	采样地 Collection site	经纬度 Locality	温度 Temperature (℃)	降水量 Precipitation (mm)
浙江临安 LA	浙江临安太湖源 Taihuyuan, Lin’an, Zhejiang	119°33′ E 30°25′ N	15.5	1,375.8
浙江庆元 QY	浙江庆元巾子峰 Jinzifeng, Qingyuan, Zhejiang	119°08′ E 27°41′ N	17.7	1,645.5
江西龙南 LN	江西赣州九连山 Jiulianshan, Ganzhou, Jiangxi	114°28′ E 24°33′ N	19.5	1,395.3
广西龙胜 LS	广西龙胜花坪 Huaping, Longsheng, Guangxi	109°55′ E 25°38′ N	18.7	1,577.3
贵州修文 XW	贵州修文 Xiuwen, Guizhou	106°34′ E 26°49′ N	15.2	1,128.3
福建尤溪 YX	福建尤溪 Youxi, Fujian	118°10′ E 25°56′ N	19.3	1,322.8

群体 Population	采样地 Collection site	经纬度 Locality	温度 Temperature (℃)	降水量 Precipitation (mm)
浙江临安 LA	浙江临安太湖源 Taihuyuan, Lin’an, Zhejiang	119°33′ E 30°25′ N	15.5	1,375.8
浙江庆元 QY	浙江庆元巾子峰 Jinzifeng, Qingyuan, Zhejiang	119°08′ E 27°41′ N	17.7	1,645.5
江西龙南 LN	江西赣州九连山 Jiulianshan, Ganzhou, Jiangxi	114°28′ E 24°33′ N	19.5	1,395.3
广西龙胜 LS	广西龙胜花坪 Huaping, Longsheng, Guangxi	109°55′ E 25°38′ N	18.7	1,577.3
贵州修文 XW	贵州修文 Xiuwen, Guizhou	106°34′ E 26°49′ N	15.2	1,128.3
福建尤溪 YX	福建尤溪 Youxi, Fujian	118°10′ E 25°56′ N	19.3	1,322.8

群体 Population	样本数量 Sample size	多态位点数 N	多态位点百分率 PPL(%)	Nei’s基因多样性(标准差) h_j(standard error)	个体取样的变异比例 VarI (%)	位点导致的变异比例 VarL (%)
浙江临安 LA	20	337	94.9	0.3422(0.0074)	40.3	59.7
浙江庆元 QY	20	350	98.6	0.3645(0.0065)	46.5	53.5
江西龙南 LN	20	333	93.8	0.3309(0.0072)	37.5	62.5
广西龙胜 LS	20	332	93.5	0.3143(0.0076)	37.6	62.4
贵州修文 XW	20	331	93.2	0.3230(0.0076)	35.1	64.9
福建尤溪 YX	20	335	94.4	0.3535(0.0069)	37.7	62.3

群体 Population	样本数量 Sample size	多态位点数 N	多态位点百分率 PPL(%)	Nei’s基因多样性(标准差) h_j(standard error)	个体取样的变异比例 VarI (%)	位点导致的变异比例 VarL (%)
浙江临安 LA	20	337	94.9	0.3422(0.0074)	40.3	59.7
浙江庆元 QY	20	350	98.6	0.3645(0.0065)	46.5	53.5
江西龙南 LN	20	333	93.8	0.3309(0.0072)	37.5	62.5
广西龙胜 LS	20	332	93.5	0.3143(0.0076)	37.6	62.4
贵州修文 XW	20	331	93.2	0.3230(0.0076)	35.1	64.9
福建尤溪 YX	20	335	94.4	0.3535(0.0069)	37.7	62.3

变异来源 Source of variance	自由度 df	变异组分 Variance components	变异贡献率(%) Contribution of variation	遗传分化系数(ф_ST) Genetic differentiation index	P
群体间 Among populations	5	6.38404	11.49%	0.11489	<0.0001^**
群体内 Within populations	113	49.18305	88.51%
总计 Total	118	55.56709