Biodiv Sci ›› 2010, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (6): 647-659. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.2010.647
Special Issue: 外来物种入侵:机制、影响与防控; 生物入侵
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Sheng Qiang1,*(), Guoqi Chen1, Baoping Li2, Ling Meng2
Received:
2010-06-07
Accepted:
2010-06-29
Online:
2010-11-20
Published:
2011-01-31
Contact:
Sheng Qiang
Sheng Qiang, Guoqi Chen, Baoping Li, Ling Meng. Invasive alien species in Chinese agricultural ecosystems and their management[J]. Biodiv Sci, 2010, 18(6): 647-659.
类群 Group | 动物 Animal | 微生物 Microbe | 植物 Plant | 总计 Total |
---|---|---|---|---|
种 Species | 55 | 29 | 155 | 239 |
属 Genus | 49 | 24 | 102 | 175 |
科 Family | 38 | 24 | 30 | 92 |
种/属 Species/genus ratio | 1.12 | 1.21 | 1.52 | 1.37 |
种/科 Species/family ratio | 1.45 | 1.21 | 5.17 | 2.60 |
Table 1 Number of invasive species, genera and families in Chinese agricultural ecosystems
类群 Group | 动物 Animal | 微生物 Microbe | 植物 Plant | 总计 Total |
---|---|---|---|---|
种 Species | 55 | 29 | 155 | 239 |
属 Genus | 49 | 24 | 102 | 175 |
科 Family | 38 | 24 | 30 | 92 |
种/属 Species/genus ratio | 1.12 | 1.21 | 1.52 | 1.37 |
种/科 Species/family ratio | 1.45 | 1.21 | 5.17 | 2.60 |
Fig. 1 Number of invasive species in agricultural ecosystems in Chinese provincial districts (A) and relationships between species numbers of plant invaders and animal and microbe invaders (B).
Fig. 5 Arable habitats of agricultural invasive species in China. A, Vegetable garden; B, Orchard; C, Paddy field; D, Dry land with summer-harvested crop; and E, Dry land with autumn-harvested crop. As some invasive species occur in several of habitat types, the total percentage of all the five habitat types is beyond 100%.
Fig. 6 Main occurring period of agricultural invasive species in China. Feb.-July: mainly threatening crops harvest in summer; Aug.-Jan.: mainly threatening crops harvest in Autumn; and whole year: mainly occuring in March to November.
物种名 Species | 物种名 Species | 物种名 Species |
---|---|---|
恶性杂草 Serious weed | 野老鹳草 Geranium carolinianum | 蜜柑大实蝇 B. tsuneonis |
空心莲子草 Alternanthera philoxeroides | 假臭草 Eupatorium catarium | 瓜实蝇 B. cucuribitae |
反枝苋 Amaranthus retroflexus | 大狼杷草 Bidens frondosa | 美国白蛾 Hyphantria cunea |
野燕麦 Avena fatua | 钻形紫菀 Aster subulatus | 二斑叶螨 Tetranychus urticae |
大巢菜 Vicia sativa | 假高粱 Sorghum halepense | 恶性病原菌 Pathogens |
胜红蓟 Ageratum conyzoides | 节节麦 Aegilops squarrosa | 水稻条斑病菌 Xanthomonas oryzae pv. Oryzae |
一年蓬 Erigeron annuus | 恶性昆虫 Serious insect | 玉米霜霉病菌 Peronosclerospora sorghi |
苏门白酒草 Conyza sumatrensis | 烟粉虱 Bemisia tabaci | 棉黄萎病菌 Verticillium dahliae |
小白酒草 C. canadensis | 温室白粉虱 Trialeurodes vaporariorum | 苹果黑星病菌 Venturia inaequalis |
区域恶性杂草 Regional serious weed | 美洲斑潜蝇 Liriomyza sativae | 马铃薯晚疫病菌 Phytophthora infestans |
凤眼莲 Eichhornia crassipes | 棉红铃虫 Pectinophora gossypeilla | 大豆孢囊线虫 Heterodera glycines |
波斯婆婆纳 Veronica persica | 稻水象甲 Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus | |
王不留行 Vaccaria segetalis | 桔小实蝇 Bactrocera dorsalis |
Table 2 The main serious invasive species in Chinese agricultural ecosystems
物种名 Species | 物种名 Species | 物种名 Species |
---|---|---|
恶性杂草 Serious weed | 野老鹳草 Geranium carolinianum | 蜜柑大实蝇 B. tsuneonis |
空心莲子草 Alternanthera philoxeroides | 假臭草 Eupatorium catarium | 瓜实蝇 B. cucuribitae |
反枝苋 Amaranthus retroflexus | 大狼杷草 Bidens frondosa | 美国白蛾 Hyphantria cunea |
野燕麦 Avena fatua | 钻形紫菀 Aster subulatus | 二斑叶螨 Tetranychus urticae |
大巢菜 Vicia sativa | 假高粱 Sorghum halepense | 恶性病原菌 Pathogens |
胜红蓟 Ageratum conyzoides | 节节麦 Aegilops squarrosa | 水稻条斑病菌 Xanthomonas oryzae pv. Oryzae |
一年蓬 Erigeron annuus | 恶性昆虫 Serious insect | 玉米霜霉病菌 Peronosclerospora sorghi |
苏门白酒草 Conyza sumatrensis | 烟粉虱 Bemisia tabaci | 棉黄萎病菌 Verticillium dahliae |
小白酒草 C. canadensis | 温室白粉虱 Trialeurodes vaporariorum | 苹果黑星病菌 Venturia inaequalis |
区域恶性杂草 Regional serious weed | 美洲斑潜蝇 Liriomyza sativae | 马铃薯晚疫病菌 Phytophthora infestans |
凤眼莲 Eichhornia crassipes | 棉红铃虫 Pectinophora gossypeilla | 大豆孢囊线虫 Heterodera glycines |
波斯婆婆纳 Veronica persica | 稻水象甲 Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus | |
王不留行 Vaccaria segetalis | 桔小实蝇 Bactrocera dorsalis |
Fig. 7 Number of species with pesticide resistant biotypes among 239 invasive species. (A) Number of species, genus and family (the proportions from the relative group of Chinese agricultural invasive species are shown in parentheses). SR means resistance to a single group of pesticide, while MR multi-resistance to more than one groups of pesticides. (B) Number of species in different countries; (C) List of the species reported as exhibiting pesticide-resistant biotypes in China.
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